Enantioselective binding analysis of verapamil to plasma lipoproteins by capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis

Capillary electrophoresis coupled with frontal analysis was applied to the study of enantioselective binding of verapamil (VER) to plasma lipoproteins. The drug-lipoprotein mixed solution, which had been in the binding equilibrium, was hydrodynamically introduced into a non-coated fused-silica capillary. Since VER is positively charged in the neutral run buffer (pH 7.4), the unbound VER enantiomers migrated toward the cathodic end much faster than negatively charged lipoproteins and their bound forms. Once unbound VER migrated apart from lipoprotein, the bound VER was quickly released from the protein to maintain the binding equilibrium. Thus, VER migrated as a zone through the capillary and gave a trapezoidal peak with a plateau region on the electropherogram. The VER concentration in this plateau region was equal to the unbound VER concentration in the initial sample solution. It was found that the bindings of VER to high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized LDL were not site-specific and not enantioselective. Partition-like binding to lipid part of these lipoproteins seemed to be dominant. The total binding affinities of LDL to VER were about seven-times stronger than those of HDL, and the oxidation of LDL by copper ion enhanced the binding affinities significantly.     

3‐Chloro­propion­amide

The crystal structure of 3‐chloro­propion­amide, C₃H₆ClNO, (I), was determined in order to obtain coordinates for molecular‐orbital calculations. Intermolecular N—H?O and C—H?O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into continuous two‐dimensional sheets parallel to the (100) plane. The bond distances are C—Cl 1.793 (3), C=O 1.233 (3) and C—N 1.320 (3) Å.     

FTIR study of CO adsorption on Rh/MgO modified with Co, Ni, Fe, or CeO2 for the catalytic partial oxidation of methane

The surface state of Rh/MgO catalysts modified with Co, Ni, Fe, or CeO(2) after the reduction and partial oxidation pretreatments as well as during the catalytic partial oxidation of methane has been investigated by FTIR of adsorbed CO. The results of CO adsorption on the reduced catalysts suggest the formation of Rh-M alloy on Rh-M/MgO (M = Co, Ni, Fe) and Rh particles partially covered with reduced ceria on Rh-CeO(2)/MgO. The strength of CO adsorption on Rh/MgO is weakened by the modification with Co, Ni, Fe, or CeO(2). Partial oxidation pretreatment of Rh/MgO leads to a significant decrease in the CO adsorption due to the oxidation of Rh. In contrast, on partially oxidized Rh-M/MgO (M = Co, Ni, Fe) and Rh-CeO(2)/MgO, the preferential oxidation of the surface M atoms or reduced ceria maintains the metallic Rh and preserves the CO adsorbed on the surface Rh atoms. The CO adsorption during the reaction of catalytic partial oxidation of methane on Rh/MgO and Rh-Ni/MgO is similar to that on the reduced catalysts. On the other hand, the CO adsorption during the reaction on Rh-Co/MgO, Rh-Fe/MgO, and Rh-CeO(2)/MgO is different from that on the reduced catalysts, and this is related to the structural change of these catalysts during the reaction.     

Synthesis, Reactivity, and Spectroscopic Properties of meso-Triaryl-5-oxaporphyrins

[meso-Triaryl-21,23-didehydro-23H-5-oxaporphyrinato](trifluoroacetato)zinc(II) was prepared by the reaction of meso-triarylbilindione with acetic anhydride and zinc acetate, and it was isolated as a trifluoroacetate salt. The X-ray crystallographic study demonstrated that the trifluoroacetate anion was coordinated to the zinc ion. [21,23-Didehydro-10,15,20-tris(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-23H-5-oxaporphyrinato](trifluoroacetato)zinc(II) 3a was dissolved in various organic solvents such as toluene, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, acetonitrile, methanol, DMSO, and DMF, although it readily reacted with alcohols and DMF to yield linear tetrapyrroles. The solubility of 3a in toluene was 4.2 ± 0.1 g dm(-3) at room temperature. 3a showed characteristic UV-vis absorption at 649 nm and fluorescence emission at 657 nm in chloroform. The fluorescence quantum yields of 3a, [21,23-didehydro-10,15,20-triphenyl-23H-5-oxaporphyrinato](trifluoroacetato)zinc(II) (3c), and [21,23-didehydro-10,15,20-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-23H-5-oxaporphyrinato](trifluoroacetato)zinc(II) (3b) were 0.071, 0.071, and 0.050, respectively. Reaction of 3a with EtOH afforded the zinc complex of 19-ethoxybilinone, and it proceeded 2 orders of magnitude faster than that of [β-octaalkyl-21,23-didehydro-23H-5-oxaporphyrinato]zinc(II). The reaction with alcohols was sensitive to steric bulk of the alcohols; the rate of reaction with i-PrOH was 2700 times faster than that of t-BuOH at 303 K. The reaction of [meso-triaryl-21,23-didehydro-23H-5-oxaporphyrinato]zinc(II) with water proceeded 3 orders of magnitude slower than that with EtOH.     

The pictet-spengler reaction of Nb-hydroxytryptamines and cysteinals. I. Isolation of tetracyclic intermediates and formation of optically active Nb-hydroxy-tetrahydro-β-carbolines.

The Pictet-Spengle P-S reaction of N_b-hydroxytryptamines 5 and cysteinals 6 in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid(TFA) at room, temperature gave the tetracyclic compounds 7 as well as the corresponding N_b-hydroxy-β-carbolines 8. The optically active nitrones 9, isolated from the similar reaction of 5 and optically active 6, gave optically active 7 and 8.     

Temporal Behavior of Phase Conjugate Wave in Self-Pumped Phase Conjugator with Internal Total Reflection

Several temporal behaviors of the phase-conjugate output of a self-pumped phase conjugator with internal total reflection in BaTiO₃ crystal have been investigated as a function of the beam entrance position and incident angle on the crystal. Different sets of these conditions cause different behavior of phase conjugate wave which are unstable or pulsed output as well as temporally stable output. Classification of these temporal behaviors in phase conjugate wave by incident condition are shown.     

Blowing up of a finite difference solution tou t = uxx + u2

This paper studies a finite difference approximation to the similinear heat equation (1) with special emphasis on the case when the exact solution blows up with the blowing-up timeT _∞. The key results will be given in Propositions 1 and 2. Proposition 1 states the local convergence, i.e., the convergence of the proposed finite difference solution to the exact solution in any fixed time interval 0 ?t ? T, whereT < T _∞. Proposition 2 states the convergence of the numerical blowing-up time to the exact oneT _∞.     

The dc magnetic field,temperature and film thickness dependence of microwave surface resistance of YBCO and DyBCO thin films

We investigated the dc magnetic field and temperature dependences of the microwave surface resistance (R_s) of YBa₂Cu₃O_y (YBCO) and DyBa₂Cu₃O_y (DyBCO) superconducting thin films. The YBCO and DyBCO thin films, each with a thickness of 300, 500, or 700 nm, were deposited on MgO (1 0 0) substrates by the thermal co-evaporation method. The R_s was measured using the dielectric resonator method. A dc magnetic field of up to 5.0 T was applied parallel to the c-axis of the superconducting thin films. The results showed that the R_s value had almost the same temperature dependence at various thicknesses in a zero-external field. The R_s of the YBCO and DyBCO thin films increased with the applied dc magnetic field. The DyBCO thin films showed weaker magnetic field dependence of R_s than the YBCO thin films. The R_s ratio (defined as R_s(5 T)/R_s(0 T)) linearly increased with the film thickness. These results show that pinning strength decreased with an increasing film thickness.     

RIKEN超导ECR离子源磁体系统的设计

Superconducting magnet system for a 28GHz ECR ion source has been designed.The maximum axial magnetic fields are 4T at the rf injection side and 2T at the beam extraction side,respectively.The hexapole magnetic field is about 2T on the inner surface of the plasma chamber.The superconducting coils consist of six solenoids and six racetrack windings for a hexapole field.Two kinds of coil arrangements were investigated:one is an arrangement in which the hexpole coil is located in the bore of the solenoids,and another is the reverse of it.The coils use NbTi-Copper conductor and are bath-cooled in liquid helium.The six solenoids are excited with individual power supplies to search for the optimal axial field distribution.The current leads use high Tc material and the cryogenic system is operated in LHe re-condensation mode using small refrigerators.The thermal insulated supports of the cold mass have also been designed based on the calculated results of the magnetic force.The heat loads to 70K and LHe stages were estimated from the design of the supports,the current leads and so on.     

RIKEN 18GHzECR离子源上金属离子的产生

At RIKEN,three ECR ion sources(10GHz ECRIS,18GHz ECRIS and liquid He-free SC-ECRIS) are operated as external ion sources of heavy ion accelerators.In the last year,multi-charged uranium ion beam was produced from 18GHz ECRIS by using UF_6 and the ~(238)U ion was successfully accelerated by the accelerator complex which consists of the RFQ linear accelerator,RIKEN heavy ion linear accelerator(RILAC)and RIKEN ring cyclotron accelerator(RRC).The typical beam intensity of~(238)U~(14 ) was about 2pμA on faraday cup after analysing magnet.~(70)Zn beam was still supplied for the new super-heavy element search experiment with insertion method.Intense beam of~(70)Zn~(16 ) was produced for long term(～43 days)without vacuum break and remarkably low material consumption rate(～100μgr/h).We already supplied Zn beam longer than 200 days for this experiment.~(48)Ca ion was also produced by insertion method using~(48)CaO rod for the nuclear physics experiment.In this contribution,we will present ion source parameter and techniques for production of each of the metal ions.