全文获取类型
收费全文 | 655篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 421篇 |
晶体学 | 17篇 |
力学 | 9篇 |
数学 | 31篇 |
物理学 | 192篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 37篇 |
2012年 | 26篇 |
2011年 | 33篇 |
2010年 | 19篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 40篇 |
2007年 | 39篇 |
2006年 | 43篇 |
2005年 | 41篇 |
2004年 | 14篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 36篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有670条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
71.
Let X be a Banach space and L the generator of the evolution semigroup associated with the τ -periodic evolutionary process {U(t,s)}t≥s on the space Pτ(X) of all τ-periodic continuous X -valued functions. We give criteria for the existence of periodic solutions to nonlinear systems of the form Lp=−?F(p,?) under the condition that 1 is a normal eigenvalue of the monodromy operator U(τ,0). The proof is based on a new decomposition of the space Pτ(X) by constructing a right inverse of L. 相似文献
72.
We perform first-principle calculations for a newly discovered iron-based superconductor, Sr2ScFePO3, whose blocking layer is a thick perovskite-based oxide (Sr2ScO3) and compare its result with those of other typical iron-based compounds, in order to make a strategy to explore iron-based compounds with higher superconducting transition temperature Tc. Consequently, we find that the thick blocking layer like Sr2ScO3 brings about perfectly cylindrical hole and electron Fermi surfaces. This can give much better nesting condition between disconnected Fermi surfaces compared to other types of iron-based superconductor compounds. 相似文献
73.
74.
We have analyzed the transfer efficiency of ballistic electron emission microscopy (BEEM), taking the finite spot size of the emitted electron beam from scanning probes into account. Three-dimensional diffraction from an aperture at a surface-metal/air interface is introduced to model an effect caused by the finiteness of spot size. As a general trend, the diffraction decreases BEEM transfer efficiency. The diffraction effect increases as the spot size decreases and the air-gap distance increases. In a Au/GaAs sample, BEEM transfer efficiency markedly deteriorates down to 6% of the value derived from a conventional planar tunneling theory when a spot size of 0.2 nm, an air-gap distance of 0.6 nm, and an electron energy of 0.2 eV, measured from the bottom of the GaAs conduction band, are assumed. BEEM transfer efficiency is markedly dependent on the spot size of the emitted hot electron. This result indicates that the BEEM current depends on the spatial resolution of the scanning probe, that is, the condition of the tip apex. 相似文献
75.
The utility of the absorption promoters, sodium glycocholate (GC-Na), ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (EDTA-2Na), sodium caprylate (Cap-Na) and sodium salicylate (Sal-Na), in the intranasal administration of human fibroblast interferon-beta (HuIFN-beta) in rabbits was investigated. The optimal amount of added EDTA-2Na, Cap-Na and Sal-Na with respect to HuIFN-beta was examined for nasal absorption in the powder dosage form. Formulations of HuIFN-beta with GC-Na showed greatly enhanced intranasal HuIFN-beta absorption, as compared to the other absorption promoters. The results of a stability study on HuIFN-beta in homogenates of nasal mucosa suggested that GC-Na behaved as a hydrolysis inhibitor in the nasal mucosa and maintained the activity of HuIFN-beta. 相似文献
76.
77.
Takahiro Takayama Toshiki Mochizuki Kenichiro Todoroki Jun Zhe Min Hajime Mizuno Koichi Inoue Hiroyasu Akatsu Ichiro Noge Toshimasa Toyo'oka 《Analytica chimica acta》2015
Chiral metabolites are found in a wide variety of living organisms and some of them are understood to be physiologically active compounds and biomarkers. However, the overall analysis of chiral metabolomics is quite difficult due to the high number of metabolites, the significant diversity in their physicochemical properties, and concentration range from metabolite-to-metabolite. To solve this difficulty, we developed a novel approach for chiral metabolomics fingerprinting and chiral metabolomics extraction, which is based on the labeling of a pair of enantiomers of chiral derivatization reagents (i.e., DMT-(S,R)-Pro-OSu and DMT-3(S,R)-Apy) and precursor ion scan chromatography of the derivatives. The multivariate statistics is also required for this strategy. The proposed procedures were evaluated by the detection of a diagnostic marker (i.e., d-lactic acid) using the saliva of diabetic patients. This method was used for the determination of biomarker candidates of chiral amines and carboxyls in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain homogenates. As the results, l-phenylalanine (L-Phe) and l-lactic acid (L-LA) were identified as the decreased and increased biomarker candidates in the AD brain, respectively. Therefore, the proposed approach seems to be helpful for the determination of non-target chiral metabolomics possessing amines and carboxyls. 相似文献
78.
Toshiki Mochizuki Takahiro TakayamaKenichiro Todoroki Koichi InoueJun Zhe Min Toshimasa Toyo’oka 《Analytica chimica acta》2015
A novel triazine-type chiral derivatization reagent, i.e., (S)-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl-1-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (DMT-(S)-Pro-OSu), was developed for the highly sensitive and selective detection of chiral amines and amino acids by UPLC–MS/MS analysis. The enantiomers of amino acids were easily labeled with the reagents at room temperature within 40 min in an alkaline medium containing triethylamine. The diastereomers derived from proteolytic amino acids, except serine, were well separated under isocratic elution conditions by reversed-phase chromatography using an ODS column (Rs = 1.2–9.0). dl-Serine was separated by use of an ADME column which has relatively higher polar surface than the conventional ODS column. The characteristic product ions, i.e., m/z 195.3 and m/z 209.3, were detected from all the diastereomers by the collision-induced dissociation of the protonated molecule. A highly sensitive detection on the amol–fmol level was obtained from the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) chromatogram. The chiral amines (e.g., adrenaline and noradrenaline) labeled with DMT-(S)-Pro-OSu were also well separated and sensitively detected by the present procedure. The method using DMT-(S)-Pro-OSu was used for the determination of dl-amino acids in the human saliva from healthy volunteers. Various l-amino acids were identified in the saliva. Furthermore, d-alanine (d-Ala) and d-proline (d-Pro) were also detected in relatively high concentrations (>5%). The ratio was higher in male saliva than in female saliva. However, the difference in the ratio of d-Ala for one day was not very high and the effect of foods and beverage seemed to be negligible. Based on the results using l-Ala-d3, the d-Ala in saliva seemed to be produced due to the racemization with some enzymes such as racemase. The racemization reaction was reversible, i.e., d-Ala-d3 was also racemized to l-Ala-d3 in saliva. Thus, care should be taken during the analysis of dl-amino acids in saliva. The present method using DMT-(S)-Pro-OSu may be applicable for the determination of chiral amine metabolomics, because the resulting derivatives produce the same product ions without relation to the compounds and show highly sensitive detection in the SRM mode of MS/MS. Consequently, DMT-(S)-Pro-OSu seems to be a useful chiral derivatization reagent for the determination of amines and amino acids in biological samples. 相似文献
79.
Toshiki Kihara 《Experimental Mechanics》2004,44(5):455-460
The method of measurement of a three-dimensional photoelastic model with rotated principal axes has not yet been fully experimentally
established. It is known that a three-dimensional photoelastic model can be reduced to an optically equivalent model. In this
paper, the optically equivalent model is realized from a stratified model consisting of two layers of the frozen stress model.
The secondary principal stress direction and the relative phase retardation of the frozen disk model in the stratified frozen
stress model are determined for the entire field from Stokes parameters obtained by scattered-light photoelasticity using
unpolarized light. The accuracy of these values is confirmed by a comparison with results only from the frozen stress disk
model. 相似文献
80.
Toshiki Mochizuki Kenichiro TodorokiKoichi Inoue Jun Zhe MinToshimasa Toyo’oka 《Analytica chimica acta》2014
l-Pyroglutamic acid succinimidyl ester (l-PGA-OSu) and its isotopic variant (l-PGA[d5]-OSu) were newly synthesized and evaluated as the chiral labeling reagents for the enantioseparation of amino acids, in terms of separation efficiency by reversed-phase chromatography and detection sensitivity by ESI-MS/MS. The enantiomers of amino acids were easily labeled with the reagents at 60 °C within 10 min in an alkaline medium containing triethylamine. Although all the diastereomers derived from 18 proteolytic amino acids could not be satisfactorily separated, the pairs of 9 amino acids were completely separated by reversed-phase chromatography using the small particle (1.7 μm) ODS column (Rs = 1.95–8.05). The characteristic daughter ions, i.e., m/z 84.04 and m/z 89.04, were detected from all the derivatives by the collision induced dissociation of the protonated molecular ions. A highly sensitive detection at a low-fmol level (0.5–3.2 fmol) was also obtained from the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) chromatograms. An isotope labeling strategy using light and heavy l-PGA-OSu for the differential analysis of the dl-amino acids in different sample groups is also presented in this paper. The differential analysis of biological sample (i.e., human serum) and food product (i.e., yogurt) were tried to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. The ratios of the dl-amino acids in human serum samples, spiked with the different concentrations of d-amino acids, were determined by the procedures using l-PGA-OSu and l-PGA[d5]-OSu. The d/l ratios in the two sample groups at different concentrations of amino acids were similar to the theoretical values. Furthermore, the ratios of d/l-alanine values in different yogurt products were comparable to the ratios obtained from the d/l values using only light reagent (i.e., l-PGA-OSu). Consequently, the proposed strategy is useful for the differential analysis not only in biological samples but also in food products. 相似文献