Atom waveguide and 1D optical lattice using a two-color evanescent light field around an optical micro/nano-fiber

We propose a two-color scheme of atom waveguides and one-dimensional （1D） optical lattices using evanescent wave fields of different transverse modes around an optical micro/nano-fiber. The atom guide potential can be produced when the optical fiber carries a red-detuned light with TE01 mode and a blue-detuned light with HEll mode, and the 1D optical lattice potential can be produced when the red-detuned light is transformed to the superposition of the TE01 mode and HE11 mode. The two trapping potentials can be transformed to each other for accurately controlling mode transformation for the red-detuned light. This might provide a new approach to realize flexible transition between the guiding and trapping states of atoms.     

Study of Ti/Au,Ti/Al/Au,and Ti/Al/Ni/Au ohmic contacts to <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-GaN

The contacts of Ti/Au, Ti/Al/Au, and Ti/Al/Ni/Au films deposited on n-GaN were studied by current–voltage (I–V) and transmission-line-method measurements. The effect of annealing temperature on specific contact resistivity has been investigated by changing the annealing temperature from 400 to 900 °C. Ti/Al/Au and Ti/Al/Ni/Au films were superior to the bilayer (Ti/Au) in ohmic contact characteristics and thermal stability. The Ti/Al/Ni/Au composite showed the best thermal stability due to the fact that Ni plays a more important role than the alloy of Ti/Al in preventing the interdiffusion of Ti, Al, and Au. The lowest contact resistivity (10^-7cm²) to n-GaN was obtained for the Ti/Al/Ni/Au sample by short-time/high-temperature annealing. The formation mechanism of ohmic contacts to n-GaN is also discussed. PACS 73.40.Cg; 73.61.Ey     

Laser speckle reduction using motionless image conduits

We have demonstrated a speckle reduction method using motionless image conduits (MICs). Different experimental conditions by introducing the high-coherence HeNe laser and the low-coherence laser diode (LD) as the illumination light sources, by employing the straight MIC and the curved MIC as the speckle reduction components, and by recording speckle images without (objective speckle) and with (subjective speckle) the imaging lens mounted on the CCD camera are conducted, respectively. The most efficient speckle reduction condition is found by the combination of using the LD and the curved MIC, where the objective speckle contrast ratio is reduced from 0.7378 to 0.1725. Experimental results are discussed, and the causes for these speckle reduction efficiency changes are given.     

Fused N-Heterocycles with Contiguous Stereogenic Centers Accessed by an Asymmetric Catalytic Cascade Reaction of Tertiary Enamides

We report in this article a cascade reaction strategy for the synthesis of complex N-heterocyclic compounds with contiguous and tetrasubstituted stereogenic carbons. Under the sequential catalysis of a chiral binol–Ti complex and BF₃, cyclopentanone-derived tertiary enamides undergo an enantioselective enamine addition to ketone carbonyls followed by diastereoselective trapping of the resulting acyliminiums by electron-rich aryl moieties to furnish four- and five-membered ring-fused N-heterocyclic products as the sole diastereomers in high yields with up to 99 % ee.     

Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylic Alkylation with a γ-Butyrolactone-Derived Silyl Ketene Acetal

Herein, we report a Cu-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation using a γ-butyrolactone-derived silyl ketene acetal. Critical to the development of this work was the identification of a novel mono-picolinamide ligand with the appropriate steric and electronic properties to afford the desired products in high yield (up to 96 %) and high ee (up to 95 %). Aryl, aliphatic, and unsubstituted allylic chlorides bearing a broad range of functionality are well-tolerated. Spectroscopic studies reveal that a Cu^I species is likely the active catalyst, and DFT calculations suggest ligand sterics play an important role in determining Cu coordination and thus catalyst geometry.     

Bromine-Functionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) enable precise integration of various organic building blocks into porous skeletons through topology predesign. Here, we report the first example of COFs by integrating electron withdrawing bromine group onto the skeletons for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). The resulting framework exhibits high surface area and good crystallinity. Thus, the bromine functionalized COF has more regular aligned π columns and arrays over the skeleton than bare COFs, which in turn significantly enhances charge transport ability. As a result, bromine functionalized COFs showed higher electrical output performance at 5 Hz with a peak value of short circuit current density of 43.6 μA and output voltage of 416 V, which is 2 and 1.3 times higher than those of bare COFs (21.6 μA and 318 V), respectively. These results demonstrated that this strategy for engineering electron withdrawing groups on the skeleton could open a new aspect of COFs for developing TENG devices.     

Sparse Multicategory Generalized Distance Weighted Discrimination in Ultra-High Dimensions

Distance weighted discrimination (DWD) is an appealing classification method that is capable of overcoming data piling problems in high-dimensional settings. Especially when various sparsity structures are assumed in these settings, variable selection in multicategory classification poses great challenges. In this paper, we propose a multicategory generalized DWD (MgDWD) method that maintains intrinsic variable group structures during selection using a sparse group lasso penalty. Theoretically, we derive minimizer uniqueness for the penalized MgDWD loss function and consistency properties for the proposed classifier. We further develop an efficient algorithm based on the proximal operator to solve the optimization problem. The performance of MgDWD is evaluated using finite sample simulations and miRNA data from an HIV study.     

不稳定晶格的能带计算

由于导电高分子是宽能带体系,紧束缚近似下的Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(缩写为SSH)模型存在一系列问题,需要加以改进才能满意地研究导电高分子的一维晶格的不稳定性。本工作将稳定晶格的Wannier函数方法加以推广,用来计算不稳定晶格的电子能带。数值结果表明,本方法的收敛性很快,取到三近邻时,能带的准确度可优于1％。同时能很精确地确定不稳定性所引起的二聚化。 关键词：