立体拥挤二苯基卡宾分子结构的电子效应

通过对二苯基重氮甲烷的光照射产生了一系列具有对称对位取代基的三线态二(2,6-二甲苯基)卡宾.用电子顺磁共振波谱对其进行了研究.通过对不同粘度的基质(matrix)中零磁场分裂参数D和E的测定,依据电子自旋离域取代基常数σr对三线态二苯基卡宾的分子结构的取代基效应进行了分析.并通过对卡宾的热消失温度及其室温脱气苯溶液中寿命的测定,对三线态二(2,6-二甲苯基)卡宾的稳定性进行了定量考察.结果表明,对卡宾中心的自旋电子具有离域效应的取代基使三线态二(2,6-二甲苯基)卡宾采取低能稳定的直线型结构,且显示了更好的热稳定性和更长的寿命.     

Facile Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Amino Acids Employing Chiral Ligand-Mediated Asymmetric Addition Reactions of Phenyllithium with Imines

A three-step methodology involving an external chiral ligand-mediated asymmetric addition of phenyllithium to an anisidine imine, oxidative removal of N-PMP group, and finally oxidative conversion of the phenyl group to a carboxyl group provides a facile synthesis of optically pure α-amino acid derivatives bearing a bulky α-substituent.     

Highly diastereoselective tandem alkylation of acyclic α,β-unsaturated esters based on the novel use of dithioacetal unit

Highly diastereoselective tandem alkylation process of acyclic α,β-unsaturated esters was developed based on the novel use of dithioacetal as a stereocontrolling unit.     

Self-organized arrays of submicrometer particle of organic dye and its near-field optical study

Organic dye particles of micrometer and submicrometer diameters were prepared by a wetting/dewetting procedure on a hydrophilic glass surface and a self-organized one- or two-dimensional registration was observed. To analyze the molecular assembly in these particles the near-field-excited near-field fluorescence from single particles were detected, while the majority of particles with diameters around 2 μm or less did not show fluorescence. Far-field fluorescence, in contrast, was observed for every particle, and the intensity depended on the excitation polarization when a polarized evanescent field was used for excitation, indicating that the molecules’ transition moment within dye particles orient parallel to the substrate surface. These two observations suggest that the near-field at the tip of the probe was polarized parallel to the probe axis. Another observation, that neighboring particles show similar molecular orientations, suggests that the dewetting process contributed to the alignment of the molecular directions in adjacent particles, which further proves that the dye particles were formed by a self-organizing mechanism.     

Temperature and matrix effects on competitive intermolecular and intramolecular reaction of benzylchlorocarbenes in ethanol

Benzylchlorocarbenes generated photolytically from diazirines in EtOH afford chlorostyrenes and acetals, whose distributions are sensitive to the reaction temperature.     

Preparation of a copper ion complex of sterically congested diphenyldiazomethanes having a pyridine ligand and characterization of their photoproducts

To show that persistent high-spin polycarbenes can be realized by utilizing hetero spin systems, two diphenyldiazomethanes having pyridyl groups, i.e., bis{4-(4-pyridyl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl}diazomethane (4,4'-DPy-1-N(2)) and {2,4-di(4-pyridyl)-6-bromophenyl}(2,6-dimethyl-4-tert-butylphenyl)diazomethane (2,4-DPy-1-N(2)), were prepared. Triplet carbenes, 4,4'-DPy-1 and 2,4-DPy-1, generated by photolysis of the corresponding diazomethanes were characterized by spectroscopic means (ESR and UV/vis in matrix at low temperatures and laser flash photolysis in solution at room temperature). The results showed that they were fairly persistent. Magnetic properties of the photoproducts from a 1:1 complex between DPy-1-N(2) and Cu(hfac)(2) (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) were characterized by ESR and a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magneto/susceptometer. The field dependences of magnetization for the complexes, expressed by using M versus H/T plots, were analyzed in terms of the Brillouin function to be S = 6.80 (F = 0.60) for the 1:1 complex of 4,4'-DPy-1 and Cu(hfac)(2) and S = 3.71 (F = 0.73) for the 1:1 complex of 2,4-DPy-1 and Cu(hfac)(2) at 2.0 K. Thus, it has been demonstrated that a high-spin species is actually generated in the photoproducts and that the complexed carbenes showed significant stability.     

Asymmetric synthesis of 5-arylcyclohexenones by rhodium(I)-catalyzed conjugate arylation of racemic 5-(trimethylsilyl)cyclohexenone with arylboronic acids

[reaction: see text] A catalytic asymmetric conjugate arylation of racemic 5-(trimethylsilyl)cyclohex-2-enone with arylboronic acids was catalyzed by 3 mol % chiral amidophosphane- or BINAP-Rh(I) in dioxane-water (10:1) to afford trans- and cis-3-aryl-5-(trimethylsilyl)cyclohexanones in high enantioselectivity. Dehydrosilylation of the product mixture with cupric chloride in DMF gave 5-arylcyclohex-2-enones with up to 93% ee in good yield. Enantiofacial selectivity with chiral phosphane-Rh(I) exceeds the trans-diastereoselectivity that is maintained in the achiral or racemic phosphane-Rh(I)-catalyzed conjugate arylation of 5-(trimethylsilyl)cyclohexenone.     

Synthesis of dihydrothieno[2,3‐b]pyridines based on titanium(IV) chloride‐mediated michael reactions of 2‐amino‐4,5‐dihydro‐3‐thiophenecarbonitriles with α,β‐unsaturated ketones

2‐Arnino‐4,5‐dihydro‐3‐thiophenecarbonitriles 1a‐c reacted with α,β‐unsaturated ketones (e.g. methyl vinyl ketone 2 and benzalacetone 3 ) in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride to give the corresponding Michael adducts 4a‐c and 5a‐c. Thermal treatment of compounds 4a‐c and 5a‐c with titanium(IV) chloride caused intramolecular cyclocondensation to yield the corresponding tetrahydrothieno[2,3‐b]pyridines 6a‐c and 7a‐c. Aromatization of 6a‐c and 7a‐c with potassium tert‐butoxide in refluxing tert‐butyl alcohol pro ceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding dihydrothieno[2,3‐b]pyridines 8a‐c and 9a‐c.