Synchronized picosecond pulse generation with a synchronously pumped dye laser and a compressed Nd: YAG laser for non-degenerate transient grating experiments

We have set up a laser system which simultaneously provides synchronized picosecond pulses in the visible and at a wavelength of 1.06 m with a repetition rate of 76 MHz. The set-up consists of a dye laser synchronously pumped by the second harmonic of a cw mode-locked Nd:YAG laser and a fiber-grating compressor for the fundamental wavelength of the Nd;YAG laser. Crosscorrelation measurments reveal the time jitter between the two pulse trains to be less than 10 ps. As a first application we have performed non-degenerate transient grating experiments in semiconductors. The non-degenerate technique allows to use excitation energies well above the bandgap energy and to separate non-linear refractive index effects from photoinduced absorption or transmission changes.     

Speeding-up and scaling of domain-wall relaxation nearT c of a uniaxial ferromagnet

The dynamic susceptibility () measured between 10 Hz and 10 MHz on different GdCl₃-ellipsoids (T _c=2.21 K) reveals a completely reversible motion of the domain walls. Taking into account the contribution of the fast adiabatic intradomain magnetization to the nearly Debye-shaped (), we determine for the first time the kinetic Onsager coefficientL _d of the domain wall relaxation of a ferromagnet. Approaching the CurietemperatureL _d speeds up critically, which by a novel simple relaxational model can be related to the increasing width (=correlation length) of linear Bulaevskii-Ginzburg domain-walls and to the shrinking domain period. The reduction ofL _d by an external field can be represented by a universal scaling function, and within the same dynamical model, this effect is ascribed to the increase of the domain period, predicted for a bubble phase. However, the effect of sample size onL _d is much smaller than expected.     

Spectroscopic investigation of the ionization kinetics in XeCl laser discharges by Xe* density measurements

Time and spatially resolved absorption measurements of Xe^* particle number densities performed at an X-ray preionized self-sustained XeCl^*-laser discharge were used to investigate the reaction kinetics of such discharges and to test the validity of the commonly-made assumption that they are fit well by spatially homogeneous numerical models. It turned out that the Xe^* density distribution over the discharge cross section remains homogeneous for less than 100 ns only. Comparing the experimental results of the homogeneous discharge phase with zero-dimensional model calculations, we conclude that induced emission modeled using two excited xenon levels must be taken into account for the quantitative interpretation of the absorption measurements. For the interpretation of the Xe 6s-6p absorption measurements even a multilevel model will be necessary. Further we conclude from the relative courses and the absolute values of the Xe^* particle number densities that realistic HCl kinetics should contain three vibrationally excited levels and stepwise excitation processes as proposed by Dem'yanov et al. [8].     

Electronic structure of amorphous Nb1-x Si x films studied by X-ray emission and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

We present valence band spectra of the amorphous system Nb_1–x Si _x (0.2x0.8), of bcc-Nb and of a-Si obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Al K) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES, Si K-emission bands). The samples were prepared as thin films by sputtering. The origin of all prominent spectral features was identified and consistently correlated to Si 3s-, Si 3p-and Nb 4d-derived states. The Nb4d-Si3p coupling is stable in binding energy over a wide concentration range. There is strong experimental evidence that the short range order changes considerably within the concentration interval 0.4x0.7, whereas the partial density of states of the Si 3p-electrons is clearly altered in the small concentration range 0.50x0.57.     

The electrical resistivity of the reentrant spin glass alloys (Fe0.65Ni0.35)1−x Mn x in the temperature range 4 to 280 K

The specific electrical resistivityp(T) was measured for the reentrant spin glass system (Fe_0.65Ni_0.35)_1–x Mn _x (0x0.102) in the temperature range 4 KT280 K. We used our own phenomenological ansatz to explain the results obtained in order to provide the fitted parameters with physical meaning. The cause of the observed minimum in the measured curves can be given by a model of local magnetism.     

Correlation between intramolecular bond lengths and K-shell σ-shape resonances in gas-phase molecules

Analysis of K-shell excitation spectra of gas-phase molecules containing at least two atoms of either B, C. N. O or F reveals the existence of a striking correlation between the bond length of the atomic pair. the sum of their atomic numbers and the associated α-shape resonance energy. Empirical rules are established which allow the derivation of intramolecular distances with accuracies reliably better than ± 0.05 A from the K-.shell absorption spectrum of one of the atoms in the Molecule.     

Near-infrared absorption spectroscopy of toluene-sulfonate-diacetylene crystals

The near-infrared (NIR) absorption of toluene-sulfonate-diacetylene crystals (PTS) has been investigated during thermal polymerization. It is shown by comparative NIR and IR spectroscopy of deuterated and of protonated PTS at various temperatures, that these absorptions are vibronic in nature. They can be assigned unambiguously to distinct parts of the molecule. No low-lying electronic state has been found.