狭长体中非对称快速传播裂纹的分析解

用复变函数方法得到了弹性狭长体中含有一非对称半元限裂纹的动力学问题的分析解，当裂纹速度Ｖ→０时，此动力学的解可还原静力学的解，该问题Ｉ型与ＩＩ型静态与动态应力强度因子ＫＩ，ＫＩＩ得以确定，并且具有解析的形式。     

Self-assembly, crystal structure and photoluminescent properties of a novel organic–inorganic hybrid coordination polymer: [CdCl3(CH3)3NH]

A novel organic–inorganic coordination polymer [CdCl₃(CH₃)₃NH] 1 was synthesized by the reaction of CdCl₂ with trimethylamine (TMA) at 170 °C for 5 days in ethanol and structurally characterized by means of X-ray single diffraction. The title compound affords a one-dimensional chain structure. It crystallizes in hexagonal system space group P6(3)/m with , , , γ=120.00°, , Z=2, , F(000)=266, Mr=277.86, , the final R=0.0420 and ωR=0.1020 for 355 observed reflections with I>2σ(I). The title compound consists of cation [(CH₃)₃NH]⁺ and anion chain , and they are combined by static attracting forces in the crystal. TG–DTA, XRD and IR data for the title compound are reported and discussed. The photoluminescent properties of the compound 1 were also investigated.     

A Recyclable and Scalable High-Capacity Organic Battery

Redox organic electrode materials (OEMs) have attracted extensive attention for batteries due to the possibility to be designed with high performance. However, the practical application of OEMs requires rigor criteria such as low cost, recyclability, scalability and high performance etc. and hence seems still far away. Here, we demonstrate an OEM for high performance aqueous organic batteries. Quantification of the charge storage confirmed the storage of protons with fast reaction kinetics, thereby enabling the high performance at high mass loading. As a result, the laminated pouch cells delivered Ampere-hour-scale capacity with excellent cycling performance. Benefited from the small molecular nature and the stable both charged and discharged states, the electrodes can be recycled at any states of charge with high yields (more than 90 %). This work provides a substantial step in the practical applications of OEMs for the future sustainable batteries.     

沸石分子筛的生成机理与晶体生长(Ⅻ)——ZSM-5沸石生成过程中液相硅酸根离子聚合态的研究

自从1964年Lentz等人提出三甲基硅烷化(TMS)方法研究硅酸盐结构后,人们意识到这种方法能够较真按着地反映硅酸盐结构及聚合状态。又由于硅烷化所得的衍生物(硅酯)易溶于有机溶剂,可以采用多种方法进行分析鉴定。本文应用TMS-GLC及TMSGPC二种方法研究了ZSM-5沸石生成过程中液相硅酸根离子聚合状态的变化。     

PPV中极化子动力学方程的龙格-库塔求解

构造求解-阶微分方程组初值问题的八阶龙格-库塔递推公式,结合描述有机分子运动的-维紧束缚模型,研究PPV原子链中极化子的形成及运动.对碳原子数N=160的PPV原子链,由可控步长八阶龙格-库塔公式求解2N(2N+1)=102720个方程组成的方程组,用Fortran语言编程计算,得到稳定的极化子结构和运动图像;在场强E=1×105V·cm^-1的电场作用下,极化子沿分子链的运动速率约为0.2635Å·fs^-1.计算结果表明,八阶龙格-库塔方程可以有效地用于有机分子链中载流子运动的模拟.     

通过开关单元调节赋予荧烷水致变色性质及喷水打印应用

喷水无墨打印概念的提出对于改善环境污染、资源消耗等问题做出了突出贡献,然而已有的水致变色染料种类较少且开发困难。 本文通过对荧烷化合物(9-(2-羧基苯基)-3,6-双(二乙氨基)占吨翁氯化物,罗丹明B)开关单元进行调控,从而调节分子开关环的动态平衡,实现了酸致变色染料到水致变色染料的调节,并展现了其在喷水无墨打印方面的应用。 该荧烷衍生物水致变色染料的合成可以直接以市售的荧烷化合物为原料,通过两步反应简单修饰,得到的染料摩尔吸光系数达到1×10⁵,所制备的打印纸水写前后反射率变化50%,有望大规模应用到喷水无墨打印中。     

双晶格不匹配层状化合物的研究现状

双晶格不匹配层状化合物是一类具有两套次级晶格（两组晶胞常数）的复杂层状化合物,可分为氧化物和非氧化物两大类。对其结构和性能的研究是近些年刚刚引起人们关注的新领域。非氧化物类双晶格不匹配层状化合物的化学通式为[(MX)_n]_x(TX₂)_m,其中M=Sn, Pb, Bi及稀土元素等;X=S, Se等;n=1,3/2,2;x值在1.08-1.23之间; T为过渡金属元素;m=1, 2, 3等。双晶格不匹配层状氧化物的化学通式为A_α [(MO)_n]_x(TO₂)_m,其中A=Tl, Bi; M=Ca, Sr, Bi, Co; T=Co, Cr; α=0-0.41; n=1, 3/2, 2; m=1, 2等,x的值与化合物的组成有关。本文对该类化合物的分类、结构特点、合成方法以及性质等进行了总结,并对其研究的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Separation of tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge by multidimensional counter-current chromatography

Non-equilibrium chromatography (NEC) is a chromatographic mode for the rapid separation of polymers. The retention behavior of various proteins (human, chicken, bovine serum albumin) and supercoiled circular double-stranded DNA (plasmids) was investigated using a phosphate buffer as a mobile phase at different velocities and column temperatures with a C₁ column with very low-packing particle diameter as a stationary phase. It was shown that the two factors (temperature and velocity) constituted important parameters in the retention mechanism of plasmids and proteins in NEC. The protein was retained more than the plasmid. At all the temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 °C) the plasmid retention increased over the entire flow-rate range (0.02–1.8 ml/min). For the protein, the retention curve presented a decrease in the relative retention time until a critical value of the mobile phase flow-rate, followed by an increase. The transition between the two well known NEC methods, slalom chromatography and hydrodynamic chromatography was clearly visualized for proteins at the lowest temperature, but did not appear for plasmids due to their strong compact structure.     

SEPARATION OF THE MINOR FLAVONOLS FROM FLOS GOSSYPII BY HIGH-SPEED COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY

An effective high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) method was established for further separation and purification of four minor flavonols in addition to five major flavonols which were reported by our previous study from extracts of Flos Gossypii. HSCCC was performed with three two-phase solvent systems composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (7.5:15:6:7, v/v), (2.5:15:2:7, v/v) and (0:1:0:1, v/v). The separation was repeated 3 times, and 3.8 mg of 8-methoxyl-kaempferol-7-O-β-D-rhamnoside (HPLC purity 98.27%), 6.7 mg of astragalin (HPLC purity 94.18%), 3.3 mg of 4'-methoxyl-quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (HPLC purity 94.30%) and 8.2 mg of hyperoside (HPLC purity 93.48%) were separated from 150 mg of the crude sample. The chemical structures of the flavonols were confirmed by MS, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR. Meanwhile, the results indicated that the target compound with smaller K value (<0.5) can be separated by increasing column length of HSCCC. And four separation rules of flavonols according to the present study and references were summarized, which can be used as a useful guide for separation of flavonols by HSCCC.     

全反射X射线荧光光谱法同时测定地气样品中锰、镍、铜、锌、铅、铷和锶

论述了利用自行研制的有３个反射体的全反射分析装置，用钼靶Ｘ光管激发，以Ｓｅ为内标，同时测定了地气样品中Ｍｎ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ、Ｒｂ和Ｓｒ等元素。对纳克级元素含量，方法的精密度为７．２％．绝对检出限为１０－１０～１０－１１。其分析结果的准确度与无火焰原子吸收相符。