The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Sampling and Analytical Chemistry Guide: Doe Methods for Evaluating Environmental and Waste Management Samples

Abstract

DOE Methods for Evaluating Environmental and Waste Management Samples (DOE Methods) is a guidance/methods document to support sampling and analysis activities at DOE sites. DOE Methods is intended to supplement existing guidance documents (e.g., EPA's Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846), which generally apply to low-level or nonradioactive samples. DOE Methods targets the complexities of DOE radioactive mixed waste and environmental samples. The document contains quality assurance (QA), quality control (QC), safety, sampling, organic analysis, inorganic analysis, and radioanalytical guidance as well as sampling and analytical methods. An addendum is distributed every six months (April and October) with updated guidance and additional methods.

DOE Methods provides a vehicle for technology transfer within the environmental restoration (ER) and waste management (WM) (collectively known as EM) community. As DOE Methods evolves, its usefulness and applicability are anticipated to grow to meet the demands of the DOE/EM mission. At the present time, DOE Methods contains methods and guidance information supplied by DOE sites. Because the EM activities in DOE are not unique to the United States, the international environmental community could benefit from the information gathered for the DOE program. This information could provide additional resources for their EM activities.     

Efficient Conversion of Thioglycosides into Glycosyl Fluorides Using Dimethyl(methylthio)sulfonium Tetrafluoroborate

Abstract

Alkyl and aryl thioglycosides were converted in high yield into the corresponding α-glycosyl fluorides by treatment with dimethyl(methylthio)-sulfonium tetrafluoroborate. Glycosidic linkages and most protective groups are not affected by the reaction conditions. Glycosyl fluorides are proposed to be intermediates in glycosylations promoted by dimethyl(methylthio)-sulfonium tetrafluoroborate.     

Synthesis of a (thienylethenyl)benzimidazole platinum acetylide complex

A new platinum acetylide complex based on 6-dialkylaminobenzimidazol-2-yl-vinyl-2-thiophene-5-ylethyne was synthesized in seven steps and 2% overall yield.     

Single‐pulse pulsed laser polymerization–electron paramagnetic resonance investigations into the termination kinetics of n‐butyl acrylate macromonomers

The termination of model mid‐chain radicals (MCRs), which mimic radicals that occur in acrylate polymerization over a broad range of reaction conditions, has been studied by single‐pulse pulsed laser polymerization (SP‐PLP) in conjunction with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The model radicals were generated by initiator‐fragment addition to acrylic macromonomers that were preformed prior to the kinetic experiments, thus enabling separation of termination from the propagation reaction, for these model radicals propagate sparingly, if at all, on the timescale of SP‐PLP experiments. Termination rate coefficients of the MCRs were determined in the temperature range of 0–60°C in acetonitrile and butyl propionate solution as well as in bulk macromonomer over the range of 0–100 °C. Termination rate coefficients slightly below those of the corresponding secondary radicals were deduced, demonstrating the relatively high termination activity of this species, even when undergoing MCR–MCR termination. For chain length of 10, a reduction by a factor of 6 is observed. Unusually high activation energies were found for the termination rate coefficient in these systems, with 35 kJ mol^?1 being determined for bulk macromonomer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012