Bose–Einstein condensation in binary mixture of Bose gases

The Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in a binary mixture of Bose gases is studied by means of the Cornwall–Jackiw–Tomboulis (CJT) effective action approach. The equations of state (EoS) and various scenarios of phase transitions of the system are considered in detail, in particular, the numerical computations are carried out for symmetry restoration (SR), symmetry nonrestoration (SNR) and inverse symmetry breaking (ISB) for getting an insight into their physical nature. It is shown that due to the cross interaction between distinct components of mixture there occur two interesting phenomena: the high temperature BEC and the inverse BEC, which could be tested in experiments.     

The isomeric ratios in some photonuclear reactions (γ, n), (γ, p), (γ, 2n), and (γ, np) induced by bremsstrahlungs with end-point energies in the Giant Dipole Resonance region

We have determined the isomeric ratios in photonuclear reactions ¹¹⁶Cd(γ, n)^{115m, g} Cd, ¹³⁸Ce(γ, n)^{137m, g} Ce, ¹⁵³Eu(γ, n)^{152m, g} Eu, ⁹⁶Mo(γ, p)^{95m, g} Nb, ¹¹⁸Sn(γ, p)^{117m, g} In, ⁸⁹Y(γ, 2n)^{87m, g} Y, ¹⁰⁶Cd(γ, np)^{104m, g} Ag, and ¹¹²Sn(γ, np)^{110m, g} In induced by bremsstrahlungs with end-point energies in the Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) region. The targets were irradiated at electron accelerator Microtron MT-25 of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna. Gamma spectra of irradiated samples were measured with a spectroscopic system consisting of 8192-channel analyzer and high-energy resolution (180 keV at gamma ray 1332 keV of ⁶⁰Co) semiconductor detector CANBERRA. The results were discussed and compared with those of other authors. The article is published in the original.     

Adhesive pi-clamping within synthetic multifunctional pores

We report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of synthetic multifunctional pores with adhesive, that is, electron-deficient naphthalenediimide (NDI) pi-clamps at their inner surface. We find that, in lipid bilayer membranes, comparable synthetic pores with and without pi-clamps have similar, nanomolar activity. Functional relevance of adhesive pi-clamping within synthetic pores is demonstrated by means of an innovative in situ blocker screening method. The obtained line of experimental evidence includes (a) different blockage efficiency with and without pi-clamps (quantified as clamping factors), (b) increasing clamping factors with increasing blocker charge (supportive ion pairing), and, most importantly, (c) increasing clamping factors with increasing aromatic electron donor-acceptor interactions. The availability of advanced synthetic multifunctional pores with refined active sites is important for practical applications in domains such as drug discovery (enzyme inhibitor screening) and diagnostics (multianalyte sensing).     

On the structure of large sum-free sets of integers

A set of integers is called sum-free if it contains no triple (x, y, z) of not necessarily distinct elements with x + y = z. In this paper, we provide a structural characterisation of sum-free subsets of {1, 2,..., n} of density at least 2/5 ? c, where c is an absolute positive constant. As an application, we derive a stability version of Hu’s Theorem [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 80 (1980), 711–712] about the maximum size of a union of two sum-free sets in {1, 2,..., n}. We then use this result to show that the number of subsets of {1, 2,..., n} which can be partitioned into two sum-free sets is Θ(2^4n/5), confirming a conjecture of Hancock, Staden and Treglown [arXiv:1701.04754].     

On stability of solutions to parametric generalized affine variational inequalities

This paper deals with the stability of the solution set to parametric generalized affine variational inequalities with constraint set being defined by finitely many convex quadratic functions. The obtained results develop and complement the published ones.     

Optimality and duality in constrained interval-valued optimization

Fritz John and Karush–Kuhn–Tucker necessary conditions for local LU-optimal solutions of the constrained interval-valued optimization problems involving inequality, equality and set constraints in Banach spaces in terms of convexificators are established. Under suitable assumptions on the generalized convexity of objective and constraint functions, sufficient conditions for LU-optimal solutions are given. The dual problems of Mond–Weir and Wolfe types are studied together with weak and strong duality theorems for them.     

A recursive construction for simple <Emphasis Type="Italic">t</Emphasis>-designs using resolutions

This work presents a recursive construction for simple t-designs using resolutions of the ingredient designs. The result extends a construction of t-designs in our recent paper van Trung (Des Codes Cryptogr 83:493–502, 2017). Essentially, the method in van Trung (Des Codes Cryptogr 83:493–502, 2017) describes the blocks of a constructed design as a collection of block unions from a number of appropriate pairs of disjoint ingredient designs. Now, if some pairs of these ingredient t-designs have both suitable s-resolutions, then we can define a distance mapping on their resolution classes. Using this mapping enables us to have more possibilities for forming blocks from those pairs. The method makes it possible for constructing many new simple t-designs. We give some application results of the new construction.     

Controlled SnO2 nanocrystal growth in SiO2–SnO2 glass‐ceramic monoliths

Crack‐free (100–x) SiO₂–x SnO₂ glass‐ceramic monoliths have been prepared by the sol–gel method obtaining for the first time SnO₂ concentrations of 20% with annealing at 1100 °C. Heat‐treatment resulted in the formation and growth of SnO₂ nanocrystals within the silica matrices. Combined use of Fourier transform–Raman spectroscopy and in situ high‐temperature X‐Ray diffraction shows that SnO₂ particles begin to crystallize in the cassiterite‐type phase at 80 °C and that their average apparent size remains around 7 nm, even after annealing at 1100 °C. Nanocrystal sizes and size distributions determined by low‐wavenumber Raman are in good agreement with those obtained from transmission electron microscopy measurements. Results indicate that the formation and the growth of SnO₂ nanocrystals impose a residual porosity in the silica matrix. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Applications of Oligomers for Nanostructured Conducting Polymers

This Feature Article provides an overview of the distinctive nanostructures that aniline oligomers form and the applications of these oligomers for shaping the nanoscale morphologies and chirality of conducting polymers. We focus on the synthetic methods for achieving such goals and highlight the underlying mechanisms. The clear advantages of each method and their possible drawbacks are discussed. Assembly and applications of these novel organic (semi)conducting nanomaterials are also outlined. We conclude this article with our perspective on the main challenges, new opportunities, and future directions for this nascent yet vibrant field of research.

     

Near-infrared broadband luminescence and energy transfer in Bi–Tm–Er co-doped lanthanum aluminosilicate glasses

The Bi–Tm–Er co-doped SiO₂–Al₂O₃–La₂O₃ (SAL) glasses, which exhibited a broadband near-infrared (NIR) emission, were investigated by the optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra. A super broadband NIR emission extending from 0.95 to 1.6 μm with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 430 nm which covered the whole O, E, S, C and L bands, was observed in Bi–Tm–Er co-doped samples under 808 nm excitation, as a result of the overlap of the Bi-related emission band (centered at 1270 nm) and the emission from Tm^{3+ 3}H₄→³F₄ transition (1450 nm) as well as Er^{3+ 4}I_13/2→⁴I_15/2 transition (1545 nm). In addition, a super broadband emission with amplitude relatively flat from 0.95 to 2.1 μm has been observed. The possible energy transfer between Bi-related centers, Tm³⁺ ions and Er³⁺ ions was proposed.