首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   908412篇
  免费   8719篇
  国内免费   2654篇
化学   476922篇
晶体学   13202篇
力学   43186篇
综合类   28篇
数学   118588篇
物理学   267859篇
  2021年   7497篇
  2020年   8179篇
  2019年   9127篇
  2018年   11778篇
  2017年   11724篇
  2016年   17418篇
  2015年   10467篇
  2014年   16491篇
  2013年   40102篇
  2012年   30287篇
  2011年   36709篇
  2010年   26610篇
  2009年   26275篇
  2008年   34284篇
  2007年   34113篇
  2006年   31585篇
  2005年   28323篇
  2004年   26279篇
  2003年   23433篇
  2002年   23178篇
  2001年   25232篇
  2000年   19621篇
  1999年   15406篇
  1998年   13006篇
  1997年   12724篇
  1996年   12325篇
  1995年   11106篇
  1994年   10991篇
  1993年   10671篇
  1992年   11661篇
  1991年   11922篇
  1990年   11576篇
  1989年   11314篇
  1988年   11131篇
  1987年   10988篇
  1986年   10493篇
  1985年   13578篇
  1984年   14056篇
  1983年   11621篇
  1982年   12126篇
  1981年   11673篇
  1980年   11041篇
  1979年   11798篇
  1978年   12312篇
  1977年   12153篇
  1976年   11966篇
  1975年   11388篇
  1974年   11218篇
  1973年   11416篇
  1972年   8214篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
41.

A method for calculating the parameters of formation of vacancies in crystals formed by spherically symmetrical atoms was developed. Both quantum effects at low temperatures and the possibility of the delocalization of atoms at high temperatures were studied. The parameters of formation of vacancies in carbon subgroup element crystals C-diam, Si, Ge, α-Sn, and Pb were calculated. The inclusion of the delocalization of atoms was shown to increase the enthalpy, entropy, and volume of vacancy formation. At low temperatures, the parameters of vacancy formation were found to depend strongly on the temperature, and the entropy of vacancy formation became negative. At high temperatures, close agreement with experimental data and theoretical estimates reported by other authors was obtained. The temperature dependence of vacancy parameters was studied for diamond heated isobarically from 100 to 4500 K. The applicability scope of the Arrhenius equation with a temperature-independent activation energy is discussed. The validity of the “compensation rule” (correlation between the entropy and enthalpy of vacancy formation) was demonstrated. It was also shown that the volume and entropy of vacancy formation were correlated over the whole temperature range studied.

  相似文献   
42.
43.
A three-dimensional examination of blood vessels is provided using MR data from seven cases. The vascular surfaces are constructed with an algorithm that automatically follows the selected artery or vein and generates a projected three-dimensional gradient shaded image. Fast 3DFT pulse sequences were optimized to enhance the time-of-flight contrast of the intravascular region. By increasing the surface threshold value in a three-dimensional head study, the flesh of a patient's face was peeled away to demonstrate the superfacial temporal artery. Gated cardiac images show the great vessels and cardiac chambers. A three-dimensional view of the aorta shows an irregular surface in the vicinity of an adrenal tumor. 3D MR exams provide a non-invasive technique for assessing vascular morphology in a clinical setting.  相似文献   
44.
    
The diversity of products in the reaction of diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD)/diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD) and activated acetylenes with PIII compounds bearing oxygen or nitrogen substituents is discussed. New findings that are useful in understanding the nature of intermediates involved in the Mitsunobu reaction are highlighted. X-ray structures of two new compounds (2-t-Bu-4-MeC6H3O)P (μ-N-t-Bu)2P+[(NH-t-Bu)N[(CO2]-i-Pr)(HNCO2-i-Pr)]](Cl-)(2-t-Bu-4-MeC6H3OH)(23)and [CH2(6-t-Bu-4-Me-C6H2O)2P(O)C(CO2Me)C-(CO2Me)CClNC(O)Cl] (33) are also reported. The structure of23 is close to one of the intermediates proposed in the Mitsunobu reaction.  相似文献   
45.
Considering the importance of the X-ray production cross sections for the determination of the element concentrations in a given material, we have measured them experimentally for Al Si, Sc, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu bombarded by protons with energies ranging from 40 to 180 keV. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   
46.
Summary The adsorption of gaseous molecular iodine on clean silver surfaces proceeds in the first stage by dissociative chemisorption. After the formation of half a monolayer of chemisorbed iodine atoms the formation of silver iodide begins, which forms a very regular overlayer on top of the substrate. Both iodine species can be distinguished due to a difference in chemical shift of the M4N4, 5N4, 5-Auger transitions. After completion of this overlayer further iodine uptake is slowed down significantly. Above an overlayer thickness of about 10 nm a further progress of the reaction cannot be followed anymore due to the limited information depth of XPS.  相似文献   
47.
We consider the plane-strain buckling of a cylindrical shellof arbitrary thickness which is made of a Varga material andis subjected to an external hydrostatic pressure on its outersurface. The WKB method is used to solve the eigenvalue problemthat results from the linear bifurcation analysis. We show thatthe circular cross-section buckles into a non-circular shapeat a value of µ1 which depends on A1/A2 and a mode number,where A1 and A2 are the undeformed inner and outer radii, andµ1 is the ratio of the deformed inner radius to A1. Inthe large mode number limit, we find that the dependence ofµ1 on A1/A2 has a boundary layer structure: it is constantover almost the entire region of 0 < A1/A2 < 1 and decreasessharply from this constant value to unity as A1/A2 tends tounity. Our asymptotic results for A1 – 1 = O(1) and A1– 1 = O(1/n) are shown to agree with the numerical resultsobtained by using the compound matrix method.  相似文献   
48.
49.
We present all-atom molecular dynamics simulations ofn-hexane on the basal plane of graphite at monolayer and multilayer coverages. In keeping with experimental data, we find the presence of ordered adsorbed layers both at single monolayer coverage and when the adsorbed layer coexists with excess liquid adsorbate. Using a simulation method that does not impose any particular periodicity on the adsorbed layer, we quantitatively compare our results to the results of neutron diffraction experiments and find a structural transition from a uniaxially incommensurate lattice to a fully commensurate structure on increasing the coverage from a monolayer to a multilayer. The zig-zag backbone planes of all the alkane molecules lie parallel to the graphite surface at the multilayer coverage, while a few molecules are observed to attain the perpendicular orientation at monolayer coverage. Dedicated to Professor C N R Rao on his 70th birthday  相似文献   
50.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号