A 40-dimensional extremal Type II lattice with no 4-frames

We construct a 40-dimensional extremal Type II lattice not having any subsets consisting of 40 orthogonal minimal vectors, and determine the automorphism group. This lattice gives an example different from the 16 470 lattices constructed from binary codes by classical constructions.     

Corelationship between local structure and water purifying ability of iron-containing waste glasses

A relationship between the structure and water purifying ability of waste glass prepared from household garbage and Fe₂O₃ was examined by ⁵⁷Fe-Mössbauer and induced coupled plasma (ICP) measurements. From the Debye temperature of waste glass, Fe^II proved to be loosely bound in the glass network as a network modifier. Dissolution amount of Fe^III into artificial drain can be controlled from 0.14 to 0.35 mg/l by changing the Fe₂O₃ content. It proved that chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreases in proportion to the content of Fe^III, indicating that iron causes decomposition of organic and phosphorus compounds.     

Organogel of an 8-quinolinol platinum(II) chelate derivative and its efficient phosphorescence emission effected by inhibition of dioxygen quenching

A newly synthesized 8-quinolinol platinum(II) chelate derivative gelates various organic solvents, and the gel formed shows unique thermo- and solvatochromism of visible and phosphorescent colour in response to a sol-gel phase transition and possesses an attractive ability to inhibit dioxygen quenching of excited triplet states.     

Dielectric properties of ferroelectric/DMS heterointerface using YMnO3 and Ce doped Si

Bottom gate type Al/Si:8.2 at%Ce/YMnO₃/Pt capacitor was fabricated. Although it was polycrystalline, we successfully obtained Si:8.2 at%Ce film on ferroelectric YMnO₃. The dielectric properties of the capacitor were carefully investigated. Although the capacitance shows frequency dispersion, the capacitor exhibits a ferroelectric type C-V hysteresis loop. From the PUND and P-V measurements, ferroelectric polarization was distinguished from the another polarization, Based on these dielectric measurements, effect of polarization induced by the ferroelectric YMnO₃ on the carrier modulation in the diluted magnetic semiconductor, Ce doped Si film was discussed.     

Interaction of highly charged ions with carbon-based materials using Kobe EBIS

Interaction of highly charged ions (HCIs) with surfaces produce various specific phenomena as a consequence of the potential energy that HCI possesses. In the present study, we have observed photon emission, structural, magnetic, and electronic modification on various carbon-based materials such as carbon nanotube by the impact of HCIs using an electron beam ion source named Kobe EBIS installed at the Kobe University. In order to study the potential effect, HCIs of Ar^q+ (q = 6–16) with the intensity of 0.1–1 nA are projected on the surface with a constant kinetic energy (16 keV). For photon emission measurements, we observed spatial and spectral distribution of visible light emission from the surface during irradiation with HCIs. On the other hand, the structural modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) irradiated with HCIs has been analyzed using a transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Irradiation effects on the resistivity of single MWCNT supported on micrometer scale bridge pattern were also measured. We have also measured magnetic structure of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite irradiated with HCIs using electron spin resonance at low temperature. At the present paper, we will review our recent experimental results on the interaction of HCI with various carbon-based materials.     

Design of Hollow Protein Nanoparticles with Modifiable Interior and Exterior Surfaces

Protein‐based nanoparticles hold promise for a broad range of applications. Here, we report the production of a uniform anionic hollow protein nanoparticle, designated TIP60, which spontaneously assembles from a designed fusion protein subunit based on the geometric features of polyhedra. We show that TIP60 tolerates mutation and both its interior and exterior surfaces can be chemically modified. Moreover, TIP60 forms larger structures upon the addition of a cationic protein. Therefore, TIP60 can be used as a modifiable nano‐building block for further molecular assembly.     

Transmission electron microscopy study of an AlN nucleation layer for the growth of GaN on a 7-degree off-oriented (0 0 1) Si substrate by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy

We have investigated the morphology of the high-temperature-grown AlN nucleation layer and its role in the early stage of GaN growth, by means of transmission electron microscopy. The nitride was selectively grown on a 7-degree off-oriented (0 0 1) patterned Si substrate by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. AlN was deposited on the inclined unmasked (1 1 1) facet in the form of islands. The size of the islands varied along the slope, which is attributable to the diffusion of the growth species in the vapor phase. The GaN nucleation occurred at the region where rounded AlN islands formed densely. The threading dislocations were observed to generate in the GaN nucleated region.     

Pyridine-containing versatile gelators for post-modification of gel tissues toward construction of novel porphyrin nanotubes

Low molecular weight gelators have recently been used as a template to construct novel kind of composite materials of different shape or structures such as helix, fibers, tape or tube through the electrostatic interaction between gelators and the intermediate molecules. In this article, we intricately apply the non-electrostatic interaction between gelator and fluorescent molecules to fabricate the gel fibers. To achieve our goal, we have intentionally designed pyridine containing cholesterol-based gelators 1-3 by keeping one thing in our mind that during the formation of the stacking column the pyridine moieties will be arranged like a spiral staircase around the cholesterol column. The gelation properties of these three gelators are tested in different solvents including sublimable solvents like naphthalene and the gelator 1 has emerged as a ‘supergelator’. The morphologies strongly depend on the process of solvent removal from the gel state and the stabilities of gel have been tuned by the added metal ions like Ag(I) by using metal-ligand interaction. Lastly, we have decorated the gel fibers obtained from gelator 1 with fluorescent molecules like tetraphenyl porphyrin Zn(II) [4·H and 4·Zn] having photopolymerizable unit at the end of tether groups and the modified fibers are well characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy as well as transmission electron microscopy. This is a novel example of decoration of gel fibers with fluorescent molecules and the process will offer an alternate application in photochemical and electrochemical devices.