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101.
Maria Teresa Calapso 《Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo》1979,28(1):57-61
Letx:M 2→E n be the immersion of a surfaceM 2 in ann-dimensional Euclidean space. Letj and μ be the canonical isomorphism defined by the metricg ofM 2 and by the canonical volume element ofM 2, respectively. IfM 2 carries a concircular tangent vector fieldX. then the following properties are proved:
- The gaussian curvatureK ofM 2 is identically zero.
- X defines an infinitesimal homothety onM 2.
- The vector field (j ?1 o μ) (X) is a Killing vector field.
102.
The emerging technology in net-zero building and smart grids drives research moving from centralized operation decisions on a single building to decentralized decisions on a group of buildings, termed a building cluster which shares energy resources locally and globally. However, current research has focused on developing an accurate simulation of single building energy usage which limits its application to building clusters as scenarios such as energy sharing and competition cannot be modeled and studied. We hypothesize that the study of energy usage for a group of buildings instead of one single building will result in a cost effective building system which in turn will be resilient to power disruption. To this end, this paper develops a decision model based on a building cluster simulator with each building modeled by energy consumption, storage and generation sub modules. Assuming each building is interested in minimizing its energy cost, a bi-level operation decision framework based on a memetic algorithm is proposed to study the tradeoff in energy usage among the group of buildings. Two additional metrics, measuring the comfort level and the degree of dependencies on the power grid are introduced for the analysis. The experimental result demonstrates that the proposed framework is capable of deriving the Pareto solutions for the building cluster in a decentralized manner. The Pareto solutions not only enable multiple dimensional tradeoff analysis, but also provide valuable insight for determining pricing mechanisms and power grid capacity. 相似文献
103.
Teresa Olszewska Maria J. Milewska Maria Gdaniec Tadeusz Połoński 《Tetrahedron: Asymmetry》2012,23(3-4):278-283
The crystal structures of several bicyclic N-nitrosamines indicate that they crystallize in the chiral (Sohncke) space group P212121 as conglomerates. This allows the resolution of these compounds by manual picking of the enantiomorphous crystals. The optical activity of the single crystals was confirmed by their CD spectra taken in KBr disks. The absolute configurations of the title nitrosamines were assigned by crystallographic measurements and by a comparison of their CD spectra with those of a reference compound resolved by classical methods. The observed Cotton effect signs, corresponding to the n–π1 transition, were correlated with the helicity of the inherently chiral nitrosamine chromophore. 相似文献
104.
Teresa Łuczak 《Electroanalysis》2013,25(9):2067-2074
Electrooxidation of norepinephrine in the presence a nucleophile was investigated on a bare gold electrode. Electrochemically produced norepinephrinequinone undergoes an attack by morpholine as nucleophile via 1,4‐Michael addition. The reaction products were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The procedure used was suitable for quantitative norepinephrine determination in the concentration range from 1×10?9 M to 8×10?4 M with a detection limit of 8.7×10?10 M in a samples containing an excess of ascorbic and uric acids. The proposed method is simple, green which means that it does not require the use of toxic compounds and solvents and thus is promising for detection of norepinephrine in physiological environment. 相似文献
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Jennifer T. Duong Mark J. Bailey Teresa E. Pick Patrick M. McBride Evelyn L. Rosen Raffaella Buonsanti Delia J. Milliron Brett A. Helms 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2012,50(18):3719-3727
Water‐dispersible, polymer‐wrapped nanocrystals are highly sought after for use in biology and chemistry, from nanomedicine to catalysis. The hydrophobicity of their native ligand shell, however, is a significant barrier to their aqueous transfer as single particles. Ligand exchange with hydrophilic small molecules or, alternatively, wrapping over native ligands with amphiphilic polymers is widely employed for aqueous transfer; however, purification can be quite cumbersome. We report here a general two‐step method whereby reactive stripping of native ligands is first carried out using trialkyloxonium salts to reveal a bare nanocrystal surface. This is followed by chemically directed immobilization of a hydrophilic polymer coating. Polyacrylic acids, with side‐chain grafts or functional end groups, were found to be extremely versatile in this regard. The resulting polymer‐wrapped nanocrystal dispersions retained much of the compact size of their bare nanocrystal precursors, highlighting the unique role of monomer side‐chain functionality to serve as effective, conformal ligation motifs. As such, they are well poised for applications where tailored chemical functionality at the nanocrystal's periphery or improved access to their surfaces is desirable. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 相似文献
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110.
The paper presents a short review on the synthesis, characterisation and selected medical applications of poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) (P(S/PGL)) microspheres. The soap-free emulsion-polymerisation of styrene and α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol macromonomer (PGL) in water yielded core-shell microspheres with a low particle-diameter dispersity
(ratio of the weight average particle diameter and the number average particle diameter). The interfacial fraction of PGL
units, estimated by XPS, was in the range of 0–42 mole % depending on the concentration of the macromonomer in the polymerisation
feed. The studies of adsorption of model proteins showed that the surface fraction of adsorbed protein was significantly reduced
when the PGL interfacial fraction was higher than 40 mole %. The P(S/PGL) particles with covalently immobilised proteins were
used for the preparation of photonic crystal assemblies suitable for applications in optical biosensors and the medical diagnostic
test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in the blood serum. 相似文献