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21.
Biju V Makita Y Nagase T Yamaoka Y Yokoyama H Baba Y Ishikawa M 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(30):14350-14355
Photoluminescence (PL) intermittency characteristics are examined for single quantum dots (QDs) in a CdSe QD sample synthesized at a slow rate at 75 degrees C. Although the PL quantum efficiency was relatively low ( approximately 0.25), we noticed that the PL intensity of single CdSe QDs fluctuated on a subsecond time scale with short-lived "on" and "off" states. The subsecond PL intensity fluctuations of CdSe QDs are different from "on" and "off" PL blinking generally observed for QDs fluctuating on a millisecond to minute time scale. We characterized single QDs by identifying polarized excitations, topographic imaging using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From analysis of the PL intensity trajectories from >100 single CdSe QDs, the average intermittency time was 213 ms. From the PL quantum efficiency, slow growth of QDs, intensity trajectory analyses, and previous reports relating surface trap states and PL properties of QDs, we attribute the subsecond PL intensity fluctuations of single CdSe QDs and short-lived "on" and "off" states to a high-density distribution of homogeneous surface trap states. 相似文献
22.
Yoshiyuki Tanaka Makoto Arakawa Yohei Yamaguchi Chieko Hori Masahiro Ueno Takeyuki Tanaka Tatsushi Imahori Yoshinori Kondo 《化学:亚洲杂志》2006,1(4):581-585
A metal‐free acetylide was observed by using NMR spectroscopy. Metal‐free acetylides are closely related to reactive intermediates (carbanions) in solution; therefore, they have been regarded as unobservable species. However, we generated this highly reactive and unstable species through the deprotonation of phenylacetylene by using the strong nonmetallic phosphazene base tBu‐P4. In the presence of tBu‐P4, the J coupling between the ethynyl carbon and hydrogen nuclei (1JC,H) of phenylacetylene disappeared; this indicates the deprotonation of the alkyne terminal. Furthermore, a large low‐field shift (approximately 90 ppm) of the alkyne carbon resonance was observed. We concluded that we have observed a metal‐free carbanion with a formal charge on an sp‐hybridized carbon atom for the first time. 相似文献
23.
Reduced viscosity polymer matrices for microchip electrophoresis of double-stranded DNA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
On a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microchip, double-stranded DNA fragments with a wide size range from 50 bp to 20 kbp were separated by two polymer solutions. One was a hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-4000 (HPMC-4000) solution of 1.3% (w/v) to separate fragments below 590 bp, and another was a mixed four molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) solution at a total concentration of 0.1% to separate fragments above 520 bp. The widths at half height (wh) of the fragments had a good relationship with their migration times (tR) in both polymer solutions. Such a relationship was suitable for obtaining the wh values of unresolved peaks, calculating the resolution of two adjacent fragments, and optimizing microchip separation matrices. Based on the relativity, a low viscosity medium containing 2% HPMC-50 and 8% glucose was optimized for high-performance separation of a phiX174 HaeIII restriction fragment digest. 相似文献
24.
Separation of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-protein complexes is difficult on plastic microchips due to protein adsorption onto the wall. In this paper, we elucidated the reasons for the difficulties in separating SDS-protein complexes on plastic microchips, and we then demonstrated an effective method for separating proteins using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microchips. Separation difficulties were found to be dependent on adsorption of SDS onto the hydrophobic surface of the channel, by which cathodic electroosmotic flow (EOF; reversed flow) was generated. Our developed method effectively utilized the reversed flow from this cathodic EOF as a driving force for sample proteins using permanently uncoated but dynamic SDS-coated PMMA microchips. High-speed (6 s) separation of proteins and peptides up to 116 kDa was successfully achieved using this system. 相似文献
25.
Simons electrochemical fluorination (ECF) of 1,4-dimethyl-1,4-homopiperazine, methyl 4-ethylhomopiperazin-1-ylacetate and 1,4-bis(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-1,4-homopiperazine was studied. For comparison, ECF of three piperazines with a N-(methoxycarbonylmethyl) group(s) was also studied. ECF of 1,4-dimethyl-1,4-homopiperazine gave a low yield of corresponding perfluoro(1,4-dimethyl-1,4-homopiperazine) together with perfluoro(2,6-diaza-2,6-dimethylheptane) as the major product. Corresponding perfluoro(homopiperazines) with mono- and/or di-(fluorocarbonyldifluoromethyl) groups [CF2C(O)F] at the 1- and/or 4-position were formed in low yields from methyl 4-ethylhomopiperazin-1-ylacetate and 1,4-bis(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-1,4-homopiperazine, respectively. These new seven-membered perfluoro(1,4-dialkyl-1,4-homopiperazines) were accompanied by the formation of mono- and/or di-basic linear perfluoroacid fluorides resulting from the CC bond scission at the 2- and 3-positions of the ring. From mono- and/or di-N-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)-substituted piperazines, corresponding perfluoropeperazines having the acid fluoride group(s) were formed in low yields. 相似文献
26.
The solvents o-, m-, p-xylene, p-dichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, and naphthalene were calibrated as condensates used in the thermoporosimetry technique. Exponential relationships were found connecting the pore radii R(p) (in nm) and the freezing-point depression of the swelling solvent deltaT (in degrees C) on the one hand and the apparent energy of crystallization W(a) (in J cm(-3)) and deltaT on the other hand: R(p) = t exp[-1/(c deltaT)]; W(a) = W0 exp(deltaT/f). Pore- or mesh-size distributions can be derived from differential scanning calorimetry results by using the following equation: dV(p)/dR(p) = k{[cY(T)deltaT2]/[W(a)R(p)]}. All the numerical parameters were determined. Polyethylene and polypropylene samples, cross-linked with high-energy electrons or gamma-rays, were submitted to thermoporosimetry study. Relative mesh-size distributions, which depend on the polymer/solvent pair, were calculated for these polyolefins with o-, m-, and p-xylene as solvent and were found to be in the same sequence as those of their degrees of swelling and the irradiation doses received. 相似文献
27.
Y Inamori M Ogawa H Tsujibo K Baba M Kozawa H Nakamura 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》1991,39(12):3353-3354
3,3',4,5'-Tetrahydroxystilbene (I) and 3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxybibenzyl (II), isolated from the heartwood of Cassia garrettiana Craib (Leguminosae), showed inhibitory effects on antigen-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro. The inhibitory effect of I (IC50 = 30.2 microM) was much stronger than that of II (greater than 100 microM). Compound II, as well as I (IC50 = 7.3 microM) reported previously, also inhibited the histamine release from human peripheral basophils induced by anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) in vitro, and its IC50-value was 68.0 microM. These results suggest that the trans-olefin structure in the molecule may be necessary for I to have an inhibitory effect on histamine release. Considering that disodium cromoglycate did not show any significant inhibitory effect on anti-IgE-induced histamine release from human basophils, the strong inhibitory effects of I in both tests are of considerable interest. 相似文献
28.
A thermal method using differential scanning calorimeter has been applied to aqueous solutions of a series of poly(tetraalkylammonium ethenesulfonates) (R4NPES). It was found that only the salts withR=n-C4H9 andR=i-C5H11 could form stable hydrates having large hydration numbers. The melting point and hydration numbers of these two hydrates were 12.0°C and 30±1 for the (n-C4H9)4NPES hydrate and 16.0°C and 53±2 for the (i-C5H11)4NPES hydrate, respectively. It was concluded that these hydrates were clathrate-like essentially similar to such hydrates as (n-C4H9)4NF·30H2O and (i-C5H11)4NF·40H2O. 相似文献
29.
DL-2-(4-2-Thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid (suprofen) was rapidly absorbed in both sexes of rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits after oral administration. Blood levels after a single dose of 2 mg/kg 3H-suprofen in all the animals reached maxima within 15 min, and elimination of the 3H from blood was rapid; the radioactivity was mostly excreted in the urine and feces within 24 h after dosing. 相似文献
30.
Mehrdad Nikravech Kamal Baba Bernard Leneindre Frédéric Rousseau 《Chemical Papers》2012,66(5):502-510
Processing the aerosol of metal salts in non-equilibrium plasma represents a promising technique that combines the advantages
of spray pyrolysis with the high reactivity of plasmas at nearlaboratory temperature in order to produce mixed-oxides and
perovskite materials. The aim of this paper is to describe the principles of this new technique and to present the various
applications and latest developments. This technique’s capacity to deposit various mixed metal oxides with precise stoichiometry
is demonstrated. It is shown that oxidant plasma species play a key role in the chemical transformation of starting materials
into oxides at laboratory temperature, while the configuration of the reactor determines the morphology and texture of the
deposited layers. Two different reactor configurations are presented. The porous layers of La
x
Sr1−x
MnO3 as the cathode for fuel cells were synthesised in a wave shock reactor configuration, while nanostructured ZnO-Al layers
to form a transparent conductive cathode for photovoltaic cells were deposited in the spray plasma reactor of the latest generation
for this technique. The experimental results emphasise the role of plasma species in the rate of chemical reactions and in
the chemical composition of the deposited layers. 相似文献