Thin-layered MoS2/polyaniline nanocomposite for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of chloramphenicol

In this study, we synthesized molybdenum disulfide/polyaniline (MoS₂/PANI) nanocomposite via in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of thin-layered MoS₂. The as-prepared MoS₂/PANI nanocomposite obtained an improved electrochemical performance due to the physisorption interaction between aromatic aniline and the basal plane of MoS₂. Furthermore, we constructed a new kind of electrochemical sensor based on MoS₂/PANI nanocomposite for the detection of chloramphenicol, which showed an excellent performance. The sensor has a high sensitivity and wide detection range from 1×10^-7 mol/L to 1×10^-4 mol/L, with a low detection limit of 6.9×10^-8 mol/L.     

Identification of HcgC as a SAM‐Dependent Pyridinol Methyltransferase in [Fe]‐Hydrogenase Cofactor Biosynthesis

Previous retrosynthetic and isotope‐labeling studies have indicated that biosynthesis of the iron guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor of [Fe]‐hydrogenase requires a methyltransferase. This hypothetical enzyme covalently attaches the methyl group at the 3‐position of the pyridinol ring. We describe the identification of HcgC, a gene product of the hcgA‐G cluster responsible for FeGP cofactor biosynthesis. It acts as an S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM)‐dependent methyltransferase, based on the crystal structures of HcgC and the HcgC/SAM and HcgC/S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) complexes. The pyridinol substrate, 6‐carboxymethyl‐5‐methyl‐4‐hydroxy‐2‐pyridinol, was predicted based on properties of the conserved binding pocket and substrate docking simulations. For verification, the assumed substrate was synthesized and used in a kinetic assay. Mass spectrometry and NMR analysis revealed 6‐carboxymethyl‐3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐hydroxy‐2‐pyridinol as the reaction product, which confirmed the function of HcgC.     

Increasing structure dimensionality of copper(I) complexes by varying the flexible thioether ligand geometry and counteranions

This work focuses on the systematic investigation of the influences of pyrimidine-based thioether ligand geometries and counteranions on the overall molecular architectures. A N-containing heterocyclic dithioether ligand 2,6-bis(2-pyrimidinesulfanylmethyl)pyridine (L1) and three structurally related isomeric bis(2-pyrimidinesulfanylmethyl)benzene (L2-L4) ligands have been prepared. On the basis of the self-assembly of CuX (X = I, Br, Cl, SCN, or CN) and the four structurally related flexible dithioether ligands, we have synthesized and characterized 10 new metal-organic entities, Cu4(L1)2I4 1, Cu4(L1)2Br4 2, [Cu2(L2)2I2.CH3CN]n 3, [Cu(L3)I]n 4, [Cu(L3)Br]n 5, [Cu(L3)CN]n 6, [Cu(L4)CN]n 7, [Cu2(L4)I2]n 8, [Cu2(L4)(SCN)2]n 9, and [[Cu6I5(L4)3](BF4).H2O]n 10, by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Single-crystal X-ray analyses show that the 10 Cu(I) complexes possess an increasing dimensionality from 0D (1 and 2) to 1D (3-5) to 2D (6-9) to 3D (10), which indicates that the ligand geometry takes an essential role in the framework formation of the Cu(I) complexes. The influence of counteranions and pi-pi weak interactions on the formation and dimensionality of these coordination polymers has also been explored. In addition, the photoluminescence properties of Cu(I) coordination polymers 4-10 in the solid state have been studied.     

Particle sizing of colloidal suspensions by low-coherence fiber optic dynamic light scattering

A low-coherence fiber optic dynamic light scattering technique is used to measure the particle size distributions of colloidal suspensions with different volume fractions. We detect electric field autocorrelation function of the singly backscattered light from a sample and use the CONTIN algorithm to obtain the particle size distributions. As a result, in the range of volume fractions from 0.01 to 0.10 of monodispersive colloidal suspensions, the mean particle size with the deviation within 4% and the polydispersity approximate 5% can be determined for particles of different radii. The results demonstrate that the low-coherence fiber optic dynamic light scattering technique is effective in measuring particle size of colloidal suspensions.     

用于双光子激发荧光寿命显微成像的高重复频率皮秒扫描相机

建立了一台基于新研制的高重复频率皮秒扫描相机的双光子激发荧光寿命显微成像系统,重点介绍所研制的高重复频率皮秒扫描相机。为了在高时间分辨力的同时扩大时间测量范围,实现大面积两维空间高时间分辨取样测量,从而提高采样速率和更有效地发挥扫描相机的作用,设计和研制了一种大面积、高时间分辨力扫描变像管和一种重复频率高达1MHz的斜坡电压扫描电路。基于上述关键部件所研制的扫描相机具有重复频率高、扫描速度可调、时间分辨力高、工作面积大、非线性低、触发晃动小等优点。用钛宝石飞秒激光器作为激光脉冲源,通过脉冲提取器将76MHz的高重复频率降低为1MHz,采用可调延时器和标准具对扫描相机的时间分辨力、扫描速度和非线性进行标定。该系统的时间分辨力达到6.5ps,非线性为2.60%,可测量的时间范围从十几皮秒到几十纳秒。测量了若丹明6G和香豆素314两种标准荧光染料的荧光寿命,取得了与参考文献一致的实验结果。     

Two Zinc(II) Coordination Polymers Based on the Ligand 1, 4‐Bis[(2‐methyl‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]benzene: Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Properties

Two coordination polymers (CPs), {[Zn₂(BMB)(5‐AIPA)₂] · 2H₂O}_n( 1 ) and [Zn(BMB)(5‐NIPA)]_n( 2 ) {BMB = 1, 4‐bis[(2‐methyl‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl]benzene, 5‐AIPA = 5‐aminoisophthalic acid, 5‐NIPA = 5‐nitroisophthalic acid}, were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 displays a 2D double‐layer structure, which is packed into a 3D supramolecule by interlayer hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions. Compound 2 displays a threefold interpenetrating 3D network, which is composed of left‐handed helical chains and two types of meso‐helical chains along different directions.     

Triboelectric pulsed direct current for self-powered sterilization of cellulose fiber

A variety of liquid energy exists in papermaking engineering and has not yet been developed and utilized. In addition, for the papermaking industry, the presence of slime can seriously affect the quality of the finished paper and can lead to paper breaking. The current slime control strategies cannot completely solve the problem and also have some low toxicity. In this study, a method of self-powered sterilization of cellulose fibers by using triboelectric pulsed direct current is reported. A liquid–solid triboelectric nanogenerator (L–S TENG) was used to convert the liquid energy of nanocellulose suspension into electrical energy and convert this electrical energy into pulsed direct current for self-powered sterilization of cellulose fiber. A hydrophobic coating material is used as solid triboelectric material and electrode for sterilization. Driven by L–S TENG, the electrodes exhibited an excellent sterilization rate against four microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which from slime in the papermaking industry. This study could provide a basic research theory for liquid energy harvesting in the papermaking industry, and also provide a new strategy for pulp sterilization.

Graphical abstract

     

溴化锌-季(鎓)三溴盐催化二氧化碳和环氧化合物偶联反应

研究了溴化锌-季鎓三溴盐催化二氧化碳和环氧化合物偶联反应,考察了反应温度、压力和不同金属盐对反应的影响以及催化剂的循环使用性能.结果表明,在413 K和1.0 MPa条件下,以溴化锌为催化剂,苯基三甲基三溴化铵为共催化剂,无需加入任何溶剂就可以使二氧化碳和环氧化合物发生偶联反应,并以很高的收率得到环碳酸酯.     

A convenient synthesis of 2-aryl substituted benzo[f] [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]azepine derivatives

A convenient synthetic pathway to 2-aryl-5,6-dihydro-4H-benzo[f][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-α]azepine derivatives 7 was developed. The synthesis was based on the cycloaddition of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene a-acetoxy azo compounds 3 with Ar-CN in the presence of AlCl3 and the consecutive ring enlargement.     

Enhanced particle trapping performance of induced charge electroosmosis

By increasing the number of floating electrodes or enlarging the width of single floating electrode, this work provides effective ways to strongly improve the particle trapping performance of induced charge electroosmosis (ICEO). Particle trapping with double or triple separate narrow floating electrodes increases the effective actuating range of ICEO flow and therefore enhance the optimum trapping ability to be 1.63 or 2.34 times of that with single narrow electrode (width of ), and the ideal trapping frequency is independent of the electrode number due to the mutual independence of electrochemical ion relaxation over each electrode. Furthermore, using a single wide floating electrode with the effective width equal to three separate narrow floating electrodes () instead of a single narrow one slightly lowers the ideal trapping frequency due to an increase in the characteristic polarization length, but the trapping performance is only up to 1.59 times of that with original single narrow electrode, implying that vertical channel confinement effect may severely suppresses the effective actuating range of ICEO flow and renders the trapping performance not as expected. Trapping experiments over wide floating electrode with different channel height were carried out, showing that the trapping performance increases by correctly increasing the channel height.