3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物的合成

以仲胺、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷为原料,无水甲醇为溶剂,无需催化剂,一步反应合成目标化合物3-仲氨基氧杂环丁烷-3-腈衍生物（1a~1d）,产物结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS表征。并以异吲哚啉、氧杂环丁-3-酮和三甲基氰硅烷的反应为模型反应,考察影响产物1a收率的主要因素,确定最佳反应条件为：物料摩尔比为n（异吲哚啉）: n（氧杂环丁-3-酮）: n（三甲基氰硅烷）= 2.0 : 1 : 2.5;反应溶剂为无水甲醇,在65 ℃反应6 h。在最佳反应条件下,化合物1a收率78.3 %。对于目标化合物的应用进行了研究,发现化合物1a与苯基溴化镁在四氢呋喃溶剂中,室温反应5 h,得到2-(3-苯基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)异吲哚啉（4）和 [3-(异吲哚啉-2-基) 氧杂环丁烷-3-基](苯基)甲酮（5）,收率分别为40.1 %和31.5 %。     

基于金属有机骨架材料的磁固相萃取与高效液相色谱-紫外检测法分析饮料和方便面中4种防腐剂

通过简单的搅拌共混方式制备了磁性氨基功能化的金属有机骨架化合物（MOFs）材料,得到的复合材料磁性和热稳定性良好,比表面积大,被用于不同极性防腐剂（苯甲酸、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯和对羟基苯甲酸丁酯）的萃取。优化磁固相萃取及解吸条件后,将解吸液引入高效液相色谱-紫外检测分析仪器,采用Purospher^® STAR LP C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）分离,以甲醇-10 mmol/L醋酸铵水溶液（50：50,v/v）为流动相进行梯度洗脱。结果表明,目标防腐剂的检出限为0.51~1.89 μg/L;苏打水、维生素饮料和方便面面饼中目标防腐剂的加标回收率为72.2%~109%。该方法简单快速,准确可靠,适用于饮料和食品中不同极性防腐剂的分析,为食品安全及质量监控提供了有效的技术有段。     

双金属氮化物Co3W3N/CNTs纳米复合材料的制备及其室温常压氮还原性能

采用水热法并经氨气保护热处理制备了双过渡金属氮化物Co3W3N/CNTs复合材料,得到了价格低廉且拥有良好氮电化学还原性能(NRR)的催化剂。通过调节已经预氧化的CNTs与过渡金属氮化物前驱体CoWO4的比例以及氨气热处理温度,实现了Co3W3N在CNTs表面的均匀负载。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试结果显示该电化学活性纳米微粒均匀地分散于CNTs表面,表明经预氧化的CNTs由于表面富集了较多的活性基团,有利于双过渡金属氮化物的分散生长。热处理后CNTs表面的Co3W3N微粒尺寸约为20 nm,相较于无载体的Co3W3N尺寸(100 nm)有明显减小。室温条件下,在N2饱和的0.01 mol·L^-1 H2SO4溶液中测试了该纳米复合材料在不同过电位下的NRR,该材料在-0.3 V(vs RHE)时的产氨率及法拉第效率分别可达12.73μg·h^-1·cm-2和13.59%,对比同样条件下,纯相Co3W3N的产氨率及法拉第效率仅为1.08μg·h^-1·cm^-2和1.76%。结果表明,通过水热反应和氨气保护热处理的Co3W3N/CNTs纳米复合材料具有良好的NRR性能。     

一种氮烷基化的2-(5-溴-4-甲基噻吩)-咪唑[4，5-f]-[1，10]-菲咯啉三羰基铼(Ⅰ)配合物的聚集诱导荧光增强效应

本文旨在探索基于2-噻吩-咪唑[4,5-f]-[1,10]-菲咯啉（TIP）结构的三羰基铼（Ⅰ）配合物的聚集诱导荧光增强（AIEE）性质。研究了2-（5-溴-4-甲基噻吩）-咪唑[4,5-f]-[1,10]-菲咯啉（1）与不同溴代烷烃之间的氮烷基化反应,并成功制备了3种具有不同氮烷基链结构的TIP衍生物（2a~2c）。氮烷基链引入可以明显提高其在有机溶剂中的溶解性以及不同程度影响TIP中相邻咪唑环和噻吩环的二面角。通过配体2a与五羰基氯化铼的配位反应成功制备了一个具有AIEE性质的三羰基铼（Ⅰ）配合物3。通过对三羰基铼（Ⅰ）配合物3进行X射线单晶衍射的分析,发现该配合物的AIEE活性取决于其松弛的分子堆积结构以及多重的分子间氢键作用。     

REAL‐t1, an Effective Approach for t1‐Noise Suppression in NMR Spectroscopy Based on Resampling Algorithm

Summaryof main observation and conclusionIn multidimensional(nD)NMR spectroscopy,t1noise usually appears as ridges along indirect dimen-sions,and affects observation of weak signals.The main source of t1noise is instrumental instability,which causes random variation of FID amplitude during data acquisitions and introduces random noise-like peaks into spectrum after Fourier transformation.A number of efforts have been devoted,in order to develop new method or to improve existing approaches for suppressing t1noise.Herein,we propose a novel t1noise suppression method based on resampling algorithm for data processing,shortenedas REAL-t1.The method was verified using simulated 2D spectra,and NOESY spectra of sucrose and protein GB1,showing that the spectral quality was improved in all cases.The performance of REAL-t1was also compared with another recently pro-posed method,which showed that these two methods provided similar performance while REAL-t1cost much shorter experimental time.     

Structurally Interesting Diarymethane Derivatives from Securidaca inappendiculata

Securines A—E, three dimeric diarymethane derivatives ( 1 — 3 ) and two enantiomeric diarymethane derivative monomers ( 4 and 5 ), were isolated and characterized from the medicinal plant Securidaca inappendiculata. Compounds 1 and 2 are a pair of enantiomeric diarymethane derivative dimers, and compound 3 is a mesomeric diarymethane derivative dimer. Their structures were determined by a combination of spectroscopic data, X‐ray crystallography, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analysis, and computational ECD calculations. Dimeric compounds 1 — 3 showed moderate antiplasmodial activities with IC₅₀ values of 0.9, 1.4, and 1.5 μM, respectively.     

Synthesis of core-shell structured Au@Bi2S3 nanorod and its application as DNA immobilization matrix for electrochemical biosensor construction

The core-shell structured Au@Bi2S3 nanorods have been prepared through direct in-situ growth of Bi2S3 at the surface of pre-synthesized gold nanorods.The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.Then the obtained Au@Bi2S3 nanorods were coated onto glassy carbon electrode to act as a scaffold for fabrication of electrochemical DNA biosensor on the basis of the coordination of-NH2 modified on 5’-end of probe DNA and Au@Bi2S3.Electrochemical characterization assays demonstrate that the Au@Bi2S3 nanorods behave as an excellent electronic transport channel to promote the electron transfer kinetics and increase the effective surface area by their nanosize effect.The hybridization experiments reveal that the Au@Bi2S3 matrix-based DNA biosensor is capable of recognizing complementary DNA over a wide concentration ranging from 10 fmol/L to 1 nmol/L.The limit of detection was estimated to be 2 fmol/L(S/N=3).The biosensor also presents remarkable selectivity to distinguish fully complementa ry sequences from basemismatched and non-complementary ones,showing great promising in practical application.     

In-situ polymerized cross-linked binder for cathode in lithium-sulfur batteries

Volume expansion and polysulfide shuttle effect are the main barriers for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur(Li-S) battery.In this work,we in-situ polymerized a cross-linked binder in sulfur cathode to solve the aforementioned problems using a facile method under mild conditions.Polycarbonate diol(PCDL),triethanolamine(TEA) and hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI) were chosen as precursors to prepare the cross-linked binder.The in-situ polymerized binder(PTH) builds a strong network in sulfur cathode,which could restrain the volume expansion of sulfu r.Moreover,by adopting functional groups of oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms,the binder could effectively facilitate transportation of Li-ion and adsorb polysulfide chemically.The Li-S battery with bare sulfur and carbon/sulfur composite cathodes and cross-linked PTH binder displays much better electrochemical performance than that of the battery with PVDF.The PTH-bare S cathode with a mass loading of 5.97 mg/cm^2 could deliver a capacity of 733.3 mAh/g at 0.2 C,and remained 585.5 mAh/g after 100 cycles.This in-situ polymerized binder is proved to be quite effective on restraining the volume expansion and suppressing polysulfide shuttle effect,then improving the electrochemical performance of Li-S battery.     

基于水分掺杂的高场非对称波形离子迁移谱检测硫化氢的研究

高场非对称波形离子迁移谱(FAIMS)是一种芯片级高灵敏度快速分析检测技术,其在大气压环境下工作的特点使之受环境影响明显,其中气体的湿度是显著影响因素,湿度的变化可引起迁移区离子反应机理以及迁移过程的变化。该文研究了干燥条件下痕量硫化氢的定量检测方法,确定了DF=33%时的检测线性范围与回归方程。利用PTFE管渗透作用,设定水浴温度为40～90℃,考察了不同含量水分对FAIMS检测硫化氢的影响。通过考察不同湿度下硫化氢的FAIMS特征谱图以及特征离子峰,研究了掺杂水分对于硫化氢谱峰峰值、补偿电压以及检测分辨率的影响。结果表明,FAIMS对于硫化氢的检测谱图清晰可见,能够准确定位其特征离子峰。随着气体中水分增多,不同分离电场下的产物离子峰峰值增大,说明湿度增大在一定程度上提高了灵敏度,DF=35%时的检出限为1.43×10~(-3) mg/m~3。     

硝酰氯的大气化学

硝酰氯(nitryl chloride,ClNO₂)是大气中一种重要的气态污染物,对大气氧化性、一次污染物的降解和二次污染物的生成具有重要影响,并在全球氮循环和氯循环中扮演着不可忽视的角色。本文归纳了ClNO₂的基本物理化学性质及其在大气中的生成和去除机制,并介绍了实验室研究和外场观测中ClNO₂的主要测量方法。在此基础上,本文总结了过去十几年报道的ClNO₂在实际大气中的时空分布特征,通过分析实验室模拟和外场观测的研究结果系统讨论了ClNO₂非均相生成的机制、产率及其影响因素,探讨了ClNO₂对氯自由基、大气氧化性以及臭氧和硝酸盐形成的影响。我们指出,ClNO₂既耦合了气相化学和非均相化学,又耦合了夜间大气化学和日间光化学,在我国大气复合污染中可能起着非常重要的作用。最后,本文提出了ClNO₂大气化学研究中尚待解决的关键科学问题,并简要讨论了该领域的未来发展方向。