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41.
Manabu Ishifune Ryuhei Suzuki Mikio Yamane Hiroyuki Tanabe Yuki Nakagawa Kumao Uchida 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(7):523-528
Acrylamide (AAm) was found to polymerize in a solution of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) in water at around its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) (32°C) without any initiators. This phenomenon was specifically observed in aqueous solutions of the polymers having LCST such as PNIPAAm and poly(methylvinylether) (PMVE). AAm polymerized only when PNIPAAm and AAm were dissolved in water below LCST of PNIPAAm and then the solution was warmed up to the polymerization temperature (40°C). On the other hand, the polymerization of AAm did not proceed when AAm was added into aqueous PNIPAAm solution during and after the phase separation above 32°C. Furthermore the polymerizability of AAm was remarkably affected by the concentration and molecular weight of the PNIPAAm additives. Under the condition of lower PNIPAAm concentration (0.30 mol/L), the increase in the molecular weight of PNIPAAm considerably increased the molecular weight of the resulting PAAm but decreased the yield of PAAm. Under the condition of higher PNIPAAm concentration (0.60 mol/L) the polymerizability was not so affected by the molecular weight of PNIPAAm, while the molecular weight of PAAm formed by using higher molecular weight PNIPAAm was higher than those of PAAm formed by using lower molecular weight PNIPAAm. Moreover, the molecular weight of PAAm formed by the PNIPAAm induced polymerization of AAm was much higher than that of the polymer obtained by the radical polymerization using AIBN in THF or VA‐ 061 in water. 相似文献
42.
Takayoshi Kimura Tasunori Suzuki Keisuke Takata Akina Soga Yutsa Nomoto Tadashi Kamiyama Yousuke Nakai Hideo Matsui Masao Fujisawa 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2013,113(3):1467-1474
The molar excess enthalpies of eight systems of butylamines + propanols were determined at 298.15 K using a twin-microcalorimeter. All excess enthalpies were exothermic and large. An equilibrium constant K 1 expressed in terms of mole fractions and standard thermodynamic properties of formation (Δf H, Δf G, Δf S) of 1:1 complex were evaluated by ideal mixtures of monomeric molecules and their associated complexes. Concentration dependence of the FT-Raman spectrum showed systematic changes of bands. Spectroscopic considerations based on this and ab initio calculations on molecules were performed at the Mp2/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. Interaction energies between butylamine and propanol were calculated by the supermolecular and NBO methods. The results were discussed with previous results to clarify the steric and positional effect of the amino and hydroxyl group. 相似文献
43.
Concomitant supplementation of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, and a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-azacytidine, to the culture medium of a plant endophytic fungus, Pestalotiopsis acaciae, dramatically altered its metabolic profiles. As a result, three novel aromatic compounds, 2′-hydroxy-6′-hydroxymethyl-4′-methylphenyl-2,6-dihydroxy-3-(2-isopentenyl)benzoate (1), 4,6-dihydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-3-methylcoumarin (2) and 4,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethylcoumarin (3), were isolated, along with five known polyketides, endocrocin (4), pestalotiollide B (5), pestalotiopyrone G (6), scirpyrone A (7) and 7-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)-5-methylchromone (8). 相似文献
44.
Shiro Matsumoto Yasuyuki Sugiyama Seizou Sakata Takayoshi Hayashi 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(5):649-655
Polymers containing droplets of liquid crystal smaller than 100 nm, which have good transparency and easily form films, were prepared under various conditions to evaluate their potential as electro-optic materials for waveguide-type devices. By varying the liquid crystal concentration and the strength of the UV irradiation causing photo-induced phase separation of the droplets, we were able to control the droplet size and density. We have clarified how the birefringence generated in an applied electric field, switching speed, and optical loss of light propagating in the film depend on droplet size and density. Polymer materials having a large electro-optic effect (δn = 0.001 at 8 V μm-1), low propagation loss (~2.5 dB cm-1), and fast response time (~10 μs) have been developed. 相似文献
45.
Katsufumi Tanaka Takatoshi Morina Yuichiro Tanabe Ryuichi Akiyama 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(9):1019-1028
The concentration dependences of dielectric properties measured at 105 Hz and 106 Hz are reported for aqueous solutions of hydroxypropyl cellulose. Phase behaviour of the solutions was also observed with a polarizing optical microscope. For solutions with concentrations well above 40 wt %, polydomain textures, including the banded texture, were observed after a prehistory of deformation. No significant discontinuous changes in the dielectric constant, εr′, and loss factor, εr″, were found at the concentrations around the onset of the isotropic–cholesteric phase transition and in the biphasic region. In contrast, the steeper changes in εr′ and εr″ were found at the critical concentration for the fully developed cholesteric phase transition with the polydomain textures. 相似文献
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49.
Tomohito Morosaki Tsubasa Suzuki Wei‐Wei Wang Shigeru Nagase Takayoshi Fujii 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,126(36):9723-9725
Electronic effects on the central carbon atom of carbone, generated by the replacement of the SIV ligand of carbodisulfane (CDS) with other chalcogen ligands (Ph2E, E=S or Se), were investigated. The carbones Ph2E→C←SPh2(NMe) [E=S( 1 ) or Se( 2 )] were synthesized from the corresponding salts, and their molecular structures and electronic properties were characterized. The carbone 2 is the first carbone containing selenium as the coordinated atom. DFT calculations revealed the electronic structures of 1 and 2 , which have two lone pairs of electrons at the carbon center. The trend in HOMO energy levels, estimated by cyclic voltammetry measurements, for the carbones and CDS follows the order of 2 > 1 >CDS. Analysis of a doubly protonated dication and trication complex revealed that the central carbon atom of 2 behaves as a four‐electron donor. 相似文献
50.
Hajime Yokoyama Takayoshi KuboYosuke Matsumura Junichi HosokawaMasahiro Miyazawa Yoshiro Hirai 《Tetrahedron》2014
The synthesis of indole skeleton by using Pd(II)-catalyzed cyclization of the urethane has been achieved. The urethanes with allylic alcohol were converted into vinyl indolines in good yield. The vinyl indoline was transformed into some intermediates of indole alkaloids. 相似文献