Comparison of PAMAM-Au and PPI-Au nanocomposites and their catalytic activity for reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Dendrimer-Au nanocomposites are prepared in aqueous solutions using poly(amidoammine)dendrimers (PAMAM) (generation 2, 3, and 5) and poly(propyleneimine)dendrimers (PPI)(generation 2, 3, and 4) by wet chemical NaBH(4) method. The Au nanoparticles thus obtained are 2-4 nm in diameter for both dendrimers and no generation dependence on the particle size is observed, whereas the generations of the dendrimers are increased as stabilization of Au-nanoparticles is achieved with lower dendrimer concentrations. Studies of the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol using these nanocomposites show that the rate constants for the PAMAM dendrimers (generations 2 and 3) are higher than those for the PPI dendrimers (generations 2 and 3), while a distinct difference in the rate constants is not seen for the PAMAM dendrimer (generation 5) or the PPI dendrimer (generation 4). In addition, the rate constants for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol involving all the dendrimers decrease with increases in dendrimer concentrations.     

Syntheses and structural analysis of 10-monoxy- and -dioxy-5-N-substituted iminothianthrene derivatives and the stereochemical change on their sulfur atom under acidic and thermal conditions

5-(N-p)-Toluenesulfonyl)iminothianthrenes, whose sulfur atoms are oxidized to a sulfoxide or sulfone at the 10-position, were hydrolysed readily in high yield to N-unsubstituted-sulfilimines by using concentrated H2SO4. During hydrolysis, 10-monoxy-5-N-unsubstituted-sulfilimines were obtained as a separable mixture of the cis and trans isomers. The stereochemical interconversion of these compounds was studied under both hydrolytic and thermal conditions and their structures were elucidated by using X-ray crystallography.     

Noncritically phase-matched frequency conversion in Gd(x)Y(1-x)Ca(4)O(BO(3))(3) crystal

A nonlinear optical crystal YCa(4)O(BO(3))(3) (YCOB) is phase matchable for third-harmonic generation (THG) of a Nd:YAG laser by type I mixing between 1.064 and 0.532mum . By partial substitution of Gd for Y in YCOB, a solid solution Gd(x)Y(1-x)Ca(4)O(BO(3))(3) gradually changes the phase-matching angles of THG to (theta, ?)=(90( degrees ), 90 ( degrees )) . We present the properties of noncritically phase-matched THG in Gd(x) Y(1-x)Ca(4)O(BO(3))(3) (x=0.28) .     

A finite element method prediction of the vibration of a bridge subjected to a moving vehicle load

This paper is concerned with the analysis of dynamic deflection and acceleration of a concrete bridge which is subjected to a moving vehicle load. The bridge, to be constructed across the River Brahmaputra in India, consists of 20 main spans, and each main span is assumed to be double cantilever type with a small suspended span. The moving vehicle is modeled as one degree of freedom. The deflections and accelerations at specific locations on the bridge when the vehicle moves at constant speed are analyzed by using the finite element method.     

Broad-band picosecond light generation in phosphoric acid by a mode-locked ruby laser

The spectrum of the picosecond broad-band light generated by focusing picosecond laser light into a cell containing phosphoric acid was measured with an OMA. The dependence of the spectrum on the pumping energy was studied. It is noticed that great care must be taken when the broad-band continuum is used as an interrogation beam for picosecond absorption spectroscopy.     

Voltammetric study of the ph-behaviour of acetylacetone at the lead dioxide electrode in aqueous solutions

Summary The electrode reaction of acetylacetone (AA) was investigated in unbuffered aqueous solutions by using 3 lead dioxide (PbO₂) indicator electrode. A pH-range of about 2 to 12 was covered. At a pH higher than 3 and lower than 9, the height of the anodic and cathodic peaks is directly proportional to the AA concentration. The PbO₂ electrode seems to be useful for determining a complexing agent such as AA.

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Voltammetrische Untersuchung des pH-Verhaltens Acetylaceton in wäßriger Lösung an der Bleidioxid-Elektrode

Zusammenfassung Die Elektrodenreaktion von Acetylaceton wurde in ungepufferten wäßrigen Lösungen an der PbO₂-Indicatorelektrode untersucht, wobei ein pH-Bereich von 2 bis 12 erfaßt wurde. Bei pH-Werten > 3 und < 9 ist die Höhe der anodischen und kathodischen Peaks direkt proportional der Acetylacetonkonzentration. Die PbO₂-Elektrode scheint für die Bestimmung von Komplexbildnern (wie Acetylaceton) nützlich zu sein.