A Comparison Between MHD Modeling and Experimental Results in a 3-Phase AC Arc Plasma Torch: Influence of the Electrode Tip Geometry

Arc behavior in 3-Phase AC plasma technology remains poorly explored. This system noticeably differs from the classical DC plasma torches and aims to overcome certain limitations, such as efficiency, equipment cost and reliability. A MHD model of a 3-Phase AC plasma torch was recently developed at Mines-ParisTech. The model does not include the electrodes in the computational domain. In parallel, experiments were conducted using a high-speed video camera shooting 100,000 frames per second. In this paper, the comparison between MHD modeling and experimental results shows that the arc behavior is in line with the results from the MHD model. Particularly, the strong influences of both the electrode jets and Lorentz forces on the arc motion are confirmed. However, some differences between experimental and numerical electrical waveforms are observed and particularly in the current–voltage phase shift. A new model was then developed by integrating the electrodes into the computational domain and adjusting the electrode tip geometry. With this simulation, we were able to reproduce the phase shift, power and voltage values with a good accuracy showing the strong influence of electrode tip geometry on the 3-Phase arc plasma discharge.     

Multicomponent pervaporation process for volatile aroma compounds recovery from pomegranate juice

The present work describes the possibility of using pervaporation process to recover the pomegranate aroma compounds from an actual pomegranate juice and a model aroma solution. Four different chemicals representing four major kinds of aroma compounds, namely, 3-methyl butanal, isopentyl acetate, n-hexanol and α-ionone, were utilized in this work. Three POMS membranes and two PDMS membranes were tested for pervaporation and compared for their separation performance. The influence of various operating parameters such as feed flow rate, feed temperature and permeate pressure on the permeation flux and aroma compounds enrichment factor was investigated. Feed flow rate was shown to have no significant effect on both total flux and aroma enrichment factor, whereas feed temperature and permeate pressure had highly significant effects. An increase in feed temperature led to higher flux and enrichment factor. As permeate pressure increased, the flux and enrichment factor of some aroma compounds decreased. Some of the aroma compounds showed higher enrichment factor at higher permeate pressures. Finally, the activation energy of permeation and the membrane permeability for each aroma compound were determined.     

Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of N‐Sulfonylalkanimidoyl Thiocyanates from Sulfonyl Azides,Alkynes, and KSCN

Ketenimine intermediates generated by the addition of copper acetylides to sulfonyl azides are trapped by KSCN to afford N‐sulfonylalkanimidoyl thiocyanates in moderate‐to‐good yields.     

A perturbed hard-sphere-chain equation of state for mixtures: Prediction from critical point constants

A modified perturbed hard-sphere-chain equation of state by Eslami [H. Eslami, Fluid Phase Equilibr. 216 (2004) 21-26], is extended to mixtures. The resulting equation of state for mixtures consists of two temperature-dependent parameters as well as an additional parameter, reflecting the segment size for pure components. The temperature-dependent parameters of the equation of state are correlated as universal functions of the reduced temperature. It is shown that knowing just the critical constants of pure components is sufficient to calculate the temperature-dependent parameters. The equation of state for mixtures is checked against the experimental pressure-volume-temperature data for a large number of mixtures, having varieties of molecular sizes and shapes. It is shown that no interaction parameter is needed to describe the behavior of fluid mixtures. Among about 3500 data points for mixtures, the average absolute deviation, compared to the experimental data, is about 0.93%.     

In situ high pressure study of ZIF-8 by FTIR spectroscopy

ZIF-8 as a promising storage material was investigated at high pressures up to ~39 GPa by in situ FTIR spectroscopy for the first time. Structural modifications are found to be reversible in a low-pressure region but irreversible in a high-pressure region. Overall, the ZIF-8 framework exhibits an unusual chemical stability even under extreme compression.     

Pseudo five-component process for the synthesis of functionalized tricarboxamides using CuI nanoparticles as reusable catalyst

An efficient and multicomponent method has been developed for the synthesis of functionalized tricarboxamides at room temperature using CuI nanoparticles as catalyst. This method involved fivecomponent coupling reactions of Meldrum's acid, isocyanides with aromatic aldehydes and amines at room temperature. Atom economy, wide range of products, excellent yields in short time and mild reaction conditions are some of the important features of this protocol. Notably, this catalyst could be recycled and reused for several times without significantly decreasing the catalytic activity.     

Diorganotin Complexes with N(4)-Phenylthiosemicarbazones: Synthesis,Spectroscopic Characterization,and Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

The organotin(IV) complexes, SnPh₂L^a (1), SnMe₂L^a (2), SnBu₂L^a (3), SnPh₂L^b (4), SnMe₂L^b (5), SnPh₂L^c (6), SnMe₂L^c (7), and SnBu₂L^c (8) were obtained by reaction of SnR ₂Cl₂ (R = Ph, Me, and Bu) with 1-(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-phenylthiosemicarbazide (H₂L^a), 1-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)-4-phenylthiosemicarbazide (H₂L^b), and 1-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-4-phenylthiosemicarbazide (H₂L^c). The synthesized complexes have been investigated by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectroscopy. The data show that the thiosemicarbazone acts as a tridentate dianionic ligand and coordinates via the thiol group, imine nitrogen, and phenolic oxygen. The coordination number of tin is 5. The in vitro antibacterial activities of the ligands and their complexes have been evaluated against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and compared with the standard antibacterial drugs.

[Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the following free supplemental files: Additional figures and tables]