A Ruthenium Bridge in Fullerene–Ferrocene Arrays: Synthesis of [Ru(C60Me5)R(CO)2] (R=C6H4Fc,C≡CFc) and Their Charge‐Transfer Properties

New fullerene–ferrocene arrays, [Ru(C₆₀Me₅)(C₄H₆Fc)(CO)₂] (Fc=ferrocenyl) and [Ru(C₆₀Me₅)(CCFc)(CO)₂], in which the ruthenium complex functions as a conjugative bridge, were synthesized by the reaction of [Ru(C₆₀Me₅)Cl(CO)₂] with FcC₆H₄MgBr and FcCCLi, respectively. These compounds were investigated by electrochemical measurement, single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis, and photophysical measurement. Upon photoirradiation, the former compound was converted rapidly into the corresponding triplet state in toluene (τ_singlet=21 ps), whereas the charge‐separated state was predominant in THF (τ_singlet=10.5 ps; τ_CS=355 ps). The latter compound, on the other hand, formed the charge‐separated state in both toluene and THF (τ_singlet=3.0 ps; τ_CS=152 ps). Thus, the structural difference between the phenylene and acetylene bridges in 1 and 2 , respectively, was found to change the outcome of the photophysical processes.     

Size-Controlled Synthesis of Nano-Zeolites and Their Application to Light Olefin Synthesis

For the application of zeolites as heterogeneous catalysts, low diffusion resistance for hydrocarbons within the micropore is essential for improving product selectivity and catalyst lifetime. This problem has been overcome by reducing the crystal size. This review introduces size-controlled preparation of nano-sized zeolites via hydrothermal synthesis in water/surfactant/organic solvent (emulsion method) and their application to heterogeneous catalysts. The ionicity of the hydrophilic group in surfactant molecules and the concentration of the Si source affected the crystallinity and morphology of zeolites prepared using the emulsion method. When using a non-ionic surfactant, mono-dispersed silicalite-1 nanocrystals ~60?nm in diameter were successfully prepared. Nano- and macro-ZSM-5 zeolites with crystal sizes of ~150?C200?nm and 1.5???m, respectively, were prepared and applied to n-hexane cracking and acetone-to-olefin reactions to investigate the effect of zeolite crystal size on catalytic stability and light olefin yield. Application of nano-zeolite to light olefin production was effective in achieving faster mass transfer of hydrocarbon molecules within the micropore, which led to improvements in olefin yields and catalyst lifetime.     

Synthesis and inhibitory activity of 8-substituted 2-deoxy-beta-KDO against CMP-KDO synthetase

3-Deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidyltransferase (CMP-KDO synthetase) is involved in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is an essential component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. New CMP-KDO synthetase inhibitors, 8-substituted derivatives of 2-deoxy-beta-KDO (2) have been prepared. Compounds 8, 11, 15 and 16 in which the 8-hydroxyl group of 2 is replaced by guanidine, di(carbamoylethyl)amino, p-methoxy- or p-nitro-benzyloxycarbonylamino, respectively affect moderately the CMP-KDO synthetase activity.     

Unusual temperature dependence of enantioselectivity in asymmetric reductions by chiral NADH models

[reaction: see text] Unusual stereoselectivity changes, i.e., enhancement and inversion of enantioselectivity with increasing temperature, were observed in the asymmetric reduction of methyl benzoylformate with chiral 1,4-dihydropyridines possessing amino acid residues as ligating chiral auxiliaries. The differential activation parameters, DeltaDeltaH(S-R) and DeltaDeltaS(S-R), obtained from the Eyring plots demonstrate that the entropy term controls the enantiodifferentiating step, accounting for the observed unique temperature dependencies.     

Acetic acid denaturing pulsed field capillary electrophoresis for RNA separation

Based on our previous work of in‐capillary denaturing polymer electrophoresis, we present a study of RNA molecular separation up to 6.0 kilo nucleotide by pulsed field CE. This is the first systematic investigation of electrophoresis of a larger molecular mass RNA in linear hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) under pulsed field conditions. The parameters that may influence the separation performance, e.g. gel polymer concentration, modulation depth and pulse frequency, are analyzed in terms of resolution and mobility. For denaturing and separating RNA in the capillary simultaneously, 2 M acetic acid was added into the HEC polymer to serve as separation buffer. Result shows that (i) in pulsed field conditions, RNA separation can be achieved in a wide range of concentration of HEC polymer, and RNA fragments between 0.3 and 0.6 kilo nucleotide are sensitive to the polymer concentration; (ii) under certain pulsed field conditions, RNA fragments move linearly as the modulation depth increases; (iii) 12.5 Hz is the resonance frequency for RNA reorientation time and applied frequency.     

Crystal structure of a new small-pore zirconosilicate Na2ZrSi2O7·H2O and its relation to stoichiometrically and topologically similar compounds

The small-pore zirconosilicate Na₂ZrSi₂O₇·H₂O crystallizes in monoclinic system with space group C2/c, a = 5.4715(4); b = 9.4111(6); c = 13.0969(8) Å, β = 92.851(7)°. Its framework consists of layers built of ZrO₆ octahedra and SiO₄ tetrahedra and forming condensed [Si₂O₇] pyrogroups by connection. The sodium ions and water molecules are placed in channels set up between the layers. The stoichiometric and structural similarities of the studied phase with anhydrous compounds having general chemical formula A₂₍₃₎MT₂O₇ (A = Na,K; M = Zr,Lu,Sc; T = Si,Ge) are discussed. The topological relationship of their structures is interpreted in the light of spatial combination of silicon and zirconium polyhedra as basic building units into larger composite building units and their three-dimensional arrangement.     

Synthesis of Orthorhombic Mo‐V‐Sb Oxide Species by Assembly of Pentagonal Mo6O21 Polyoxometalate Building Blocks

Mix and match : The pentagonal [Mo₆O₂₁]^n? polyoxomolybdate building block assembles with other sources of Mo, V, and Sb ions to form an orthorhombic Mo‐V‐Sb oxide. The first single‐crystal X‐ray analysis of an orthorhombic Mo–V‐based oxide, a promising catalyst for light alkane selective oxidation known as the “M1 phase”, revealed the structure of the compound.

     

Membrane Preparation of Polysulfonic Acid Complexes by Layer-by-Layer Adsorption

Summary: The water-insoluble, thermostable and homogeneous polymer complex membrane formation of polysulfonic acids was examined by modifying the preparation conditions of the layer-by-layer adsorption method of the acid and base polymers. The complexation of poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) in the 0.15 unit mM solution with poly(allylamine) gave a polymer complex membrane on a gold substrate in which one polymer layer was formed with a thickness of 1 nm. Properties including the proton conductivity of the membrane suggested possible applications of the polymer complex membrane.