Novel method for the synthesis of 1,2,4‐oxadiazoles using alumina supported ammonium fluoride under solvent‐free condition

Alumina supported ammonium fluoride was found as an efficient reagent for the synthesis of 1,2,4‐oxadi‐azoles of amidoximes under solvent free conditions using microwave irradiation. This method is a one‐pot, easy, rapid, and high‐yielding reaction for the synthesis of 1,2,4‐oxadiazole derivatives from amidoximes and acyl chlorides. Reaction of amidoximes with acylchlorides in the presence of alumina without ammonium fluoride gave only the corresponding O‐acylamidoximes as major product.     

A novel copper-catalyzed,one-pot synthesis of symmetric organic disulfides from alkyl and aryl halides: potassium 5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiolate as a novel sulfur transfer reagent

A new method is reported for the synthesis of symmetric diaryl and dialkyl disulfides from aryl and alkyl halides in the presence of copper using potassium 5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiolate as the base, ligand, and sulfur-transfer reagent.     

A Route to Lipid ALC-0315: a Key Component of a COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine

This paper describes a synthesis of ALC-0315 by a sequence that more than doubles the overall yield relative to the published one, and that employs much cleaner reactions, thereby facilitating purifications to a considerable extent     

1H NMR based metabolic profiling in Crohn's disease by random forest methodology

The present study was designed to search for metabolic biomarkers and their correlation with serum zinc in Crohn's disease patients. Crohn's disease (CD) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease that may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and can be difficult to diagnose using the clinical tests. Thus, introduction of a novel diagnostic method would be a major step towards CD treatment. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR) was employed for metabolic profiling to find out which metabolites in the serum have meaningful significance in the diagnosis of CD. CD and healthy subjects were correctly classified using random forest methodology. The classification model for the external test set showed a 94% correct classification of CD and healthy subjects. The present study suggests Valine and Isoleucine as differentiating metabolites for CD diagnosis. These metabolites can be used for screening of risky samples at the early stages of CD diagnoses. Moreover, a robust random forest regression model with good prediction outcomes was developed for correlating serum zinc level and metabolite concentrations. The regression model showed the correlation (R²) and root mean square error values of 0.83 and 6.44, respectively. This model suggests valuable clues for understanding the mechanism of zinc deficiency in CD patients. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preparation and validation of [67Ga]Ga-phytate kit and Monte Carlo dosimetry: an effort toward developing an impressive lymphoscintigraphy tracer

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - Radiocolloides are essential for the detection of metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer. In this study [67Ga]Ga-phytate, as an long-lived...     

Existence of energy maximizing vortices in a three-dimensional quasigeostrophic shear flow with bounded height

The existence of an energy maximizer relative to a class of rearrangements of a given function is proved. The maximizers are stationary and stable solutions of the quasigeostrophic equation, which governs the time evolution of large-scale three-dimensional geophysical flow in a vertically bounded domain. The background flow is unidirectional, with linear horizontal shear. The theorem proved implies the existence of a family of stationary and stable vortices that rotate in the same direction as the background shear. It extends an earlier theorem by Burton and Nycander, which is valid for a vertically unbounded domain.