Photoviscoelastic analysis of thermal stress in a quenched epoxy beam

This paper reports on a procedure for photoviscoelastic analysis where the axes of principal stress, principal strain and polarization of light coincide in the presence of a large temperature change. More specially, the transient-thermal stress and strain due to stress in an epoxy beam subjected to quenching from both the upper and lower surfaces, are determined using the time-temperature-equivalent law for stress, strain and birefringence. The transient-thermal stress and strain in the beam were determined experimentally using hereditary integrations from the measurement of the transient temperature and birefringence due to the quenching of the beam. The transient thermal stress and strain were also calculated theoretically using the linear-viscoelastic theory. The experimentally determined thermal stress agrees closely with the theoretical results. The experimentally determined strain agrees qualitatively with the theoretical values. Thus, it is concluded that the photoviscoelastic technique is useful in analyzing the proposed problem.Paper was presented at 1982 SESA/JSME Spring Meeting held in Maui and Oahu, HI on May 23–28, 1982.     

A new approach for quantitative analysis of l-phenylalanine using a novel semi-sandwich immunometric assay

Here, we describe a novel method for l-phenylalanine analysis using a sandwich-type immunometric assay approach for use as a new method for amino acid analysis. To overcome difficulties of the preparation of high-affinity and selectivity monoclonal antibodies against l-phenylalanine and the inability to use sandwich-type immunometric assays due to their small molecular weight, three procedures were examined. First, amino groups of l-phenylalanine were modified by “N-Fmoc-l-cysteine” (FC) residues and the derivative (FC-Phe) was used as a hapten. Immunization of mice with bovine serum albumin/FC-Phe conjugate successfully yielded specific monoclonal anti-FC-Phe antibodies. Second, a new derivatization reagent, “biotin linker conjugate of FC-Phe N-succinimidyl ester” (FC(Biotin)-NHS), was synthesized to convert l-phenylalanine to FC-(Biotin)-Phe as a hapten structure. The biotin moiety linked to the thiol group of cysteine formed a second binding site for streptavidin/horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugates for optical detection. Third, a new semi-sandwich-type immunometric assay was established using pre-derivatized l-phenylalanine, the monoclonal anti-FC-Phe antibody, and streptavidin/HRP conjugate (without second antibody). Using the new “semi-sandwich” immunometric assay system, a detection limit of 35 nM (60 amol per analysis) and a detection range of 0.1–20 μM were attained using a standard l-phenylalanine solution. Rat plasma samples were analyzed to test reliability. Intra-day assay precision was within 6 % of the coefficient of variation; inter-day variation was 0.1 %. The recovery rates were from 92.4 to 123.7 %. This is the first report of the quantitative determination of l-phenylalanine using a reliable semi-sandwich immunometric assay approach and will be applicable to the quantitative determination of other amino acids.     

Surrogate analysis for detecting nonlinear dynamics in normal vowels.

Normal vowels are known to have irregularities in the pitch-to-pitch variation which is quite important for speech signals to be perceived as natural human sound. Such pitch-to-pitch variation of vowels is studied in the light of nonlinear dynamics. For the analysis, five normal vowels recorded from three male and two female subjects are exploited, where the vowel signals are shown to have normal levels of the pitch-to-pitch variation. First, by the false nearest-neighbor analysis, nonlinear dynamics of the vowels are shown to be well analyzed by using a relatively low-dimensional reconstructing dimension of 4 < or = d < or = 7. Then, we further studied nonlinear dynamics of the vowels by spike-and-wave surrogate analysis. The results imply that there exists nonlinear dynamical correlation between one pitch-waveform pattern to another in the vowel signals. On the basis of the analysis results, applicability of the nonlinear prediction technique to vowel synthesis is discussed.     

Thermotropic cellulose derivatives with flexible substituents. III. Temperature dependence of cholesteric pitches exhibiting a cholesteric sense inversion

For the thermotropic cholesteric mesophase of tri-o-(β-methoxyethoxy)ethyl cellulose (DP = 11), cholesteric pitches larger than 2 μm were precisely determined by microscopic observation and their temperature dependence was examined in the temperature range from 80°C to 140°C. In the initial temperature region of 80°C to 106°C, the pitch increases with increasing temperature. After the pitch diverges at 106°C, it decreases as temperature is raised further. This anomalous temperature dependence of pitch was associated with a thermally-induced inversion from right- to left-handed helicoidal structure which was first observed in this kind of cellulose derivatives.     

Peculiarity in the electronic structure of Cu(II) complex ferromagnetically coupled with bisimino nitroxides

By means of the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique, we have investigated the electronic structures of the tridentate imino nitroxyl diradical complex with copper(II) (Cu-bisimpy), which has a square planar structure and a ground quartet state with an extremely strong ferromagnetic exchange interaction, and its related compounds (bisimpy = 2,6-bis(1'-oxyl-4',4',5',5'-tetramethyl-4',5'-dihydro-1' H-imidazol-2'-yl)pyridine). It was clarified that Cu-bisimpy had unique magnetic orbitals, compared with the biradical ligand (bisimpy), a zinc(II) biradical complex (Zn-bisimpy) and a copper(II) terpyridine complex (Cu-tpy) (tpy = 2,2';6',2'-terpyridine). Multifrequency ESR spectroscopy provided a reliable set of magnetic parameters of Cu-bisimpy, which has a small g anisotropy ( g x = 2.02, g y = 2.01, g z = 2.08) and small hyperfine coupling with Cu (|A x| = 42.0 MHz, |A y|相似文献   

Data synchronization in a network of coupled phase oscillators

We devised a new method of data mining for a large-scale database. In the method, a network of locally coupled phase oscillators subject to Kuramoto's model substitutes for given multivariate data to generate major features through phase locking of the oscillators, i.e., phase transition of the data set. We applied the method to the national database of care needs certification for the Japanese public long-term care insurance program, and found three major patterns in the aging process of the frail elderly. This work revealed the latent utility of Kuramoto's model for data processing.     

Topographically controlled growth of silver nanoparticle clusters

We present a straightforward method to form regular arrays of chemically synthesized Ag nanoparticle clusters, which are preferentially nucleated and developed inside pre‐patterned Si nanowells. The sizes and shapes of the clusters follow the dimensions of the lithographically defined Si nanowells, which here have a depth of 100 nm and form a square array with a pitch of 300 nm. Potential use of the array of Ag nanoparticle clusters as a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based sensing platform is demonstrated by the calculation of locally enhanced electromagnetic fields and by confocal microscopic measurements of increased Raman signals from organic molecules adsorbed on the Ag nanoparticle clusters. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Amelioration of Airway Stenosis in Rabbit Models by Photodynamic Therapy with Talaporfin Sodium (NPe6)

It is difficult to treat patients with acquired airway stenosis, and the quality of life of such patients is therefore lowered. We have suggested the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a new treatment for airway stenosis and have determined the efficacy of PDT in animal disease models using a second-generation photosensitizer with reduced photosensitivity. An airway stenosis rabbit model induced by scraping of the tracheal mucosa was administered NPe6 (5 mg kg⁻¹), and the stenotic lesion was irradiated with 670 nm light emitted from a cylindrical diffuser tip at 60 J cm⁻² under bronchoscopic monitoring. PDT using NPe6 improved airway stenosis ( P  = 0.043) and respiratory stridor. A significant prolongation of survival time was seen in the PDT-treated animals compared to that in the untreated animals ( P  = 0.025) and 44% of the treated animals achieved long-term survival (>60 days). In conclusion, PDT using NPe6 is effective for improvement in airway stenosis.