环境水样中百菌清残留的单滴微萃取-反相液相色谱测定

应用单滴微萃取(SDME)-反相液相色谱(RPLC)检测了环境水样中的百菌清残留.优化了单滴微萃取条件:环己烷萃取剂6 μL、单滴体积2 μL、搅拌速率350 r/min、萃取时间40 min、水溶液温度35 ℃、无盐度.水样经单滴微萃取后,使用Hypersil C18柱反相液相色谱分离测定百菌清.反相液相色谱条件:100%甲醇流动相、流速1.0 mL/min、柱温25 ℃、224 nm检测.方法的线性范围、检出限、相对标准偏差和富集倍数分别为1.0 ～50 μg/L、0.02 μg/L、6.1%和427倍.采用该法对环境水样中的百菌清残留进行了测定,环境水样的加标回收率为98% ～106%.     

碳酸钙在天然木浆-聚酯纤维复合膜上的仿生合成

采用慢气体扩散法, 以十八烯酸为软模板, 在天然木浆-聚酯纤维复合膜(Jetspun Cloth^TM膜)上仿生矿化原位合成碳酸钙. 衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱表征和扫描电镜结果表明, 溶液中的部分十八烯酸会富集到Jetspun Cloth^TM膜上, 同时, 由于十八烯酸的羧酸根对钙离子的结合作用, 钙离子也被富集到Jetspun Cloth^TM膜上. 碳酸钙在Jetspun Cloth^TM膜的纤维上生长, 并最终形成碳酸钙薄膜-高分子纤维膜复合结构.     

Effect of Polysaccharides from Fruit Body of Ganoderma tsugae on Bidirectional Regulation of Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in THP-1 Cells

The polysaccharides,FIII-2,FIII-2-a,FIII-2-b and FIII-2-c were purified from the fruit body of Ganoderma tsugae(G.tsugae) to study the effects of the four polysaccharides on the productions of human proinflammatory cytokines,interleukin-1α(IL-1α) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNFα).The results show that the polysaccharides up-regulated the production of IL-1α and TNFα in THP-1 cells under non-stimulatory condition or under stimulation of both lower concentration lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and phorbol myristate a...     

The role of central ion in chiral recognition by taking phenylalanine as an example

Chiral recognition of phenylalanine (Phe) was achieved in the gas phase by electrospray ionization Q-TOF tandem mass spectrometry. In this method, two central ions, i.e. proton and divalent copper, were used and chiral crown ether, (+)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid-18-crown-6 (18-C-6-TCA), was used as a chiral host. Dimeric complexes were readily formed by electrospray ionization of a methanol/water (50/50, V/V) solution containing central ions, Phe and 18-C-6-TCA. The dimeric complex included proton-bound (18-C-6-TCA)(Phe)H+ and copper-bound deprotonated [Cu²⁺(18-C-6-TCA)(Phe)-H]⁺ ions were mass selected and then collided with Ar in the CID experiments. The chiral recognition capability of these complexes was evaluated using the relative abundance of daughter ion to parent ion. A higher degree of chiral recognition ability was observed with Cu²⁺ compared to that of H⁺. Different central ions exhibited distinctive dissociation pathways and unique chiral recognition characteristics. The chiral recognition mechanism was also discussed in detail with the help of the structure of copper-bound complex predicted by theoretical calculation.     

铌-铬天青S与牛血清白蛋白结合反应及其应用

探讨了铌-铬天青S配合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)结合反应体系.在pH 4.6的邻苯二甲酸氢钾-NaOH(Clark-Lubs)缓冲溶液中,在OP存在下,铌-铬天青S配合物与牛血清白蛋白进一步形成复合物,其最大吸收峰位于595 nm,且随着BSA量的增加,体系在595 nm波长处吸收峰也随着增大.据此建立以铌-铬天青S配合物为光谱探针,分光光度法测定蛋白质含量的新方法.牛血清白蛋白含量在0～0.32 mg/mL的范围内符合比尔定律,摩尔吸光系数ε595为 4.4×105 L·mol-1·cm-1,相关系数为γ=0.9996,生物体内的常见物质基本上不干扰测定,方法可用于人血清蛋白中蛋白质的测定.     

Effect of organic and inorganic acids on chitosan/glycerophosphate thermosensitive hydrogel

The influence of organic and inorganic acids on chitosan/glycerophosphate (CS/GP) hydrogel has been investigated by dissolving chitosan in different acids. The results of gelation showed that all of the chitosan dissolved in monovalent acid solutions (i.e., formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, lactic, nitric, hydrochloric, and chloroacetic acid), when neutralized by GP solution, could transform into hydrogel after 2–5 min at 37 °C, while those dissolved in multivalent acids failed in gel formation. The inner structures of CS/GP hydrogels prepared with monovalent acids depended on the ionic strength and chain length of acids. Morphological examination by scanning electron microphotography demonstrated that large pores occurred during the gel-forming process, and the aperture size was also related to different acids. The cytotoxicity studies indicated that CS/GP systems prepared by dissolving chitosan in tested acids except chloroacetic acid were nontoxic to mouse embryonic fibroblasts and Hela cells.     

氧气在聚丙烯内吸附和扩散的分子模拟

采用巨正则Monte Carlo和分子动力学模拟相结合的方法研究了氧气在不同聚合度的聚丙烯内的吸附和扩散. 模拟结果表明, 随聚丙烯聚合度的增加, 聚丙烯对氧气的吸附量逐渐增加, 而氧气在聚丙烯内的扩散系数减小; 当聚合度增大到一定程度时, 吸附量和扩散系数都趋于一稳定值. 随温度的升高, 氧气在聚丙烯内的吸附量减少, 而扩散系数增大. 本文还应用自由体积理论探讨了氧气在聚合物内扩散的机理, 发现氧气在聚丙烯内以空穴形式存在的自由体积之间扩散, 即氧气先在一个空穴内不停振动, 然后通过聚丙烯链段运动形成的通道跳跃到下一个空穴来完成扩散. 结果表明, 较高聚合度的聚合物材料在常温及低温下使用对于其在食品包装材料中的应用是有利的, 这为食品包装材料行业相关产品的应用开发提供了一定的指导和依据.     

离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的研究

报道了离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的方法. 考察了不同离心速率、不同离心时间的破乳效率. 试样以V(正己烷):V(乙酸乙酯)＝1:1提取, 经毛细管气相色谱柱HP-5 (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)分离, μ-ECD检测器测定. 方法检出限为1.0×10-3 mg/kg (S/N=3). 在添标水平0.05、 0.25和0.50 mg/kg时的平均回收率为92.3%～104.3%, 相对标准偏差为6.9%～9.3%. 线性范围为0.02～1.0 mg/L (r2=0.9994). 方法适合黑米中残留抑霉唑的测定.     

二甲基硫和乙硫醇在层状K1-2xMxTiNbO5(M=Mn2+、Ni2+)上的吸附与光催化氧化作用

采用固相法制备出具有层状结构的KTiNbO₅,通过离子交换制备K_1-2xM_xTiNbO₅(M=Mn²⁺、Ni²⁺)。采用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）和紫外－可见漫反射光谱技术对样品晶体结构与光谱响应特征进行表征,采用红外光谱方法考察样品对二甲基硫（DMS）和乙硫醇（EM）吸附与光催化氧化行为。结果表明,采用Mn²⁺和Ni²⁺对KTiNbO₅离子交换后,层板间距增加,对光谱吸收由紫外区移向可见光区,带隙能量由3.35eV相应地移至2.97eV和2.45eV。K_1-2xM_xTiNbO₅对DMS和EM的吸附作用力较弱,不受阳离子影响。K_1-2xMn_xTiNbO₅只在紫外光辐射下呈现催化活性,并将硫醚、硫醇氧化为亚砜、砜和磺酸;而K_1-2xNi_xTiNbO₅在可见与紫外光辐射下均具有光催化活性,在可见光辐射下,乙硫醇被氧化至磺酸,而在紫外光辐射下硫醇被矿化并产生硫酸盐与碳酸盐。     

水热法可控制备铋铁系化合物材料

本文以Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O和Bi(NO₃)₃·5H₂O为反应原料,以NaOH为矿化剂, 利用水热方法制备出几种纯相的铋铁系化合物材料,通过调节NaOH的浓度范围可以很容易的控制铋铁系化合物的物相。在NaOH浓度为0.1~0.4 mol·L^-1区间,可以得到立方相的软铋矿Bi₂₅FeO₄₀,当NaOH浓度提高到0.8~2.0 mol·L^-1区间,可以得到六方钙钛矿结构的BiFeO₃,再提高NaOH浓度至8.0 mol·L^-1以上可以得到正交相的Bi₂Fe₄O₉,在NaOH浓度为12.0 mol·L^-1时可以获得纳米片状Bi₂Fe₄O₉。同时探讨了铋铁系化合物的生长机理。