银微电极微分电位溶出分析法研究

本文首次报道了银微电极微分电位溶出分析法。用化学刻蚀法方便地制作了银微电极，用于ＤＰＳＡ具有背景值低，分辨率好、精密度及灵敏度高，在不搅拌，仅需一定酸度而酸度而无其它介质的条件下就能测试等优点，对人工试样及自来水样分析，结果令人满意。     

A novel diacetylenic bilirubin

An etiobilirubin‐IIβ analog with the central C(10) CH₂ group replaced by a diacetylene unit ( 1 ) was synthesized by base‐catalyzed condensation of bis‐[3‐methyl‐4‐ethyl‐5‐formylpyrrol‐2‐yl]‐diacetylene ( 3 ) with 3‐methyl‐4‐ethyl‐5‐p‐toluenesulfonyl‐2‐pyrrolinone ( 10 ). Diacetylenic rubin 1 is a dark red solid, giving orange solutions with uv‐visible absorption maxima near 460 nm.     

Application of Functionalized Ag Nanoparticles for the Determination of Proteins at Nanogram Levels Using the Resonance Light Scattering Method

A novel method for the determination of proteins in aqueous solutions has been developed based on the enhancement of resonance light scattering (RLS) of Ag nanoparticles in the presence of proteins. Factors including acidity of the media, concentration of Ag hydrosol, reaction time, temperature, and interference of non-protein substances were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, with the enhanced RLS signals at 452nm, the linear ranges of calibration curves were 0–0.8µgmL^–1 for bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0–1.2µgmL^–1 for human serum albumin (HSA), and 0–2.5µgmL^–1 for human -IgG (-IgG), respectively. The detection limits were 1.3ngmL^–1 for BSA, 10ngmL^–1 for HAS, and 5.7ngmL^–1 for -IgG.This method has been applied to the analysis of synthetic samples and real human serum samples, and the results were in good agreement with those reported by the hospital, indicating that the method presented here is not only sensitive and simple, but also reliable and suitable for practical applications.     

The design of an irradiator for the continuous processing of liquid latex

This paper presents anew design concept for a gamma irradiation plant for the continuous processing of pumpable liquids. Typical applications of such a plant include

• * the irradiation vulcanisation of natural latex rubber

• * disinfection of municipal sewage sludge for agricultural use

• * sterilisation of liquids in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries

• * industrial processing of bulk liquids

The authors describe the design and operation of the latex irradiator now operating on a small production scale in Malaysia and proposed developments.

The design allows irradiation processing to be carried out under an inert or other gaseous environment.

State-of-the-art computer control system ensures the fully automatic processing operation needed by industrial computers.     

On-line Separation and Detection of Peptides by Capillary Electrophoresis / Electrospray FT-ICR-MS

Recently, capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE/ESI- MS) has been rapidly developed as a powerful analytical tool for charged species ranged from small molecules such as carboxylic acids1, phenolic compounds2, metal species3, tetramines4, herbicides5, drugs and drug metabolites6 to peptides and proteins7, 8. The ESI mode has proven to be sensitive, versatile and relatively easy to use in combination with CE. CE confers rapid analysis and efficient separ…     

Mesoscale organization of CuO nanoribbons: formation of "dandelions"

A two-tiered organizing scheme with multiple-length scales for construction of dandelion-like hollow CuO microspheres has been elucidated: (1) mesoscale formation of rhombic building units from smaller nanoribbons via oriented aggregation and (2) macroscopic organization of these units into the CuO microspheres. This self-assembly concept may also be applicable to other metal oxides by creating geometric constraints for constructional units.     

Studies on the properties of ionic liquid EMIInCl4

This paper reports that an ionic liquid (IL) has been prepared by directly mixing InCl₃ and 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride (EMIC) with molar ratio 1/1 under dry argon atmosphere. The densities, and surface tension of the pure IL were determined at temperature range of 293.15 to 343.15 ± 0.1 K. The volumetric properties and the properties of surface for ionic liquid based on group III were discussed by Glasser's theory and Yang's interstice model.     

Recent advances in single atom catalysts for the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR) offers a promising solution to mitigate carbon emission and at the same time generate valuable carbonaceous chemicals/fuels. Single atom catalysts (SACs) are encouraging to catalyze the electrochemical CO₂RR due to the tunable electronic structure of the central metal atoms, which can regulate the adsorption energy of reactants and reaction intermediates. Moreover, SACs form a bridge between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, providing an ideal platform to explore the reaction mechanism of electrochemical reactions. In this review, we first discuss the strategies for promoting the CO₂RR performance, including suppression of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), generation of C₁ products and formation of C₂₊ products. Then, we summarize the recent developments in regulating the structure of SACs toward the CO₂RR based on the above aspects. Finally, several issues regarding the development of SACs for the CO₂RR are raised and possible solutions are provided.

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR) offers a promising solution to mitigate carbon emission and at the same time generate valuable carbonaceous chemicals/fuels.     

Reactivity of monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters at dye-sensitized liquid/liquid interfaces

Hexanethiolate monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters (MPCs) were used as redox quenchers at the polarizable water/1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) interface. Photocurrent responses originating from the heterogeneous quenching of photoexcited water soluble porphyrin complexes by MPCs dissolved in the DCE phase were observed. As MPCs can function as both electron acceptors and donors, the photocurrent results from the superposition of two simultaneous processes, which correspond to the oxidation and reduction of MPCs. The magnitude of the net photocurrent is essentially determined by the balance of the kinetics of these two processes, which can be controlled by tuning the Galvani potential difference between the two phases. We show that, within the available potential window, the apparent electron-transfer rate constants follow classical Butler-Volmer dependence on the applied potential difference.