Lasers at accelerators—past,present and future

The application of lasers at accelerators is reviewed with emphasis on laser spectroscopy of short-lived isotopes and the determination of nuclear spins, moments, and changes of charge radii in long isotopic chains leading far-off stability. Experimental techniques as well as future directions are discussed.     

Eine Kennzeichnung der angeordneten Loops durch monotone Abbildungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Complex formation of vinylidene chloride with hydrogen chloride in the solid phase at low temperatures

Moscow State University. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 170–174, March–April, 1992.     

Critical currents in polycrystalline thin films of high-T c superconductors

Summary It is shown that the behaviour of the temperature dependence of the critical current in polycrystalline thin films of high-T _c superconductors depends crucially on the assumption made concerning the nature of the intergranular material. The usual assumption of a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (=SIS) ?sandwich? between each grain leads to a crossover fromI _c∼(1−T/T _c) toI _c∼(1−T/T _c)^3/2, for temperatures nearT _c (whereI _c is the critical current,T the absolute temperature, andT _c the superconducting transition temperature). Instead, for a superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (=SNS) sandwich the dependenceI _c∼(1−T/T _c)² is found for all temperatures. Consideration is given to the effect of self-magnetic field on the analysis. The comparison between expressions for continuous and granular systems is extended. Due to the relevance of its scientific content, this paper has been given priority by the Journal Direction.     

Copper-D-penicillamine complex as potential contrast agent for MRI.

In vitro and in vivo proton T1 data are reported that demonstrate that the paramagnetic copper-D-penicillamine complex can be applied as a potential contrast agent to magnetic resonance imaging.     

The experimental structure of199Au and the interacting boson-fermion model

Gamma rays of¹⁹⁹Au obtained after double neutron capture in¹⁹⁷Au were measured at the ILL high flux reactor. A level scheme up to 1770 keV excitation energy is established. The result is compared with IBFM and Boson-Fermion-Symmetry calculations.     

Application of ODMR to the study of DNA complexes of bisintercalating antibiotics and their biosynthesized derivatives

The DNA complexes of triostin A, echinomycin, and the monoquinoline (1QN) and bisquinoline (2QN) biosynthesized derivatives of echinomycin were investigated by optical detection of triplet-state magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy, with the quinoxaline and quinoline moieties of the DNA-binding peptides used as intrinsic probes. Plots of zero-field splitting (zfs)D parameter versus monitored wavelength revealed heterogeneity in the phosphorescence emission of echinomycin, triostin A, and 2QN ascribed to the occurrence of major and minor forms of the peptides in aqueous solution. ODMR results, in conjunction with findings from phosphorescence studies, indicate that the quinoxaline and quinoline chromophores of the major forms of the peptides are involved in aromatic stacking interactions in complexes with the natural DNAs fromMicrococcus lysodeikticus, Escherichia coli, and calf thymus as evidenced by red shifts in the phosphorescence 0,0 bands of the drugs, reductions in the phosphorescence lifetimes and zfsD andE parameters, and polarity reversal of the ODMR slow passage signals upon drug complexation. The reversal in ODMR signal polarity of echinomycin and 2QN is a consequence of changes in the triplet-state sublevel decay constants upon peptide binding to the natural DNAs. The extent of reduction of theD parameter for the major form of echinomycin, 2QN, and the quinoline moiety of 1QN upon complexation with polymeric DNAs was found to correlate with the binding affinities measured for these targets [1], but no correlation was found for the quinoxaline moiety of 1QN. Preliminary studies of triostin A-DNA complexes also revealed no correlation between the reduction in zfsD-value upon complexation and binding affinity, although the largest reductions inD-value among the peptides investigated in this report were exhibited by the poly(dG-dC)·poly(dG-dC) and natural DNA complexes of triostin A.     

The transmission properties of optical waveguides in SIMOX structures

The numerical aperture of step index planar waveguides in SIMOX structures is 3.16. Analysis suggests that some of the higher-order modes that are supported by the waveguide will be reflected at the output face, due to total internal reflection. This situation therefore suggests that the propagation losses of such waveguide structures may be lower than those measured by conventional methods.