Sylwia Modrzycka  Sonia Ko&#x;t  Stphanie G. I. Polderdijk  Ty E. Adams  Stanis&#x;aw Potoczek  James A. Huntington  Paulina Kasperkiewicz  Marcin Dr&#x;g 《Chemical science》2022,13(23):6813

Activated protein C (APC), thrombin, and factor (f) Xa are vitamin K-dependent serine proteases that are key factors in blood coagulation. Moreover, they play important roles in inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and viral infections. Abnormal activity of these coagulation factors has been related to multiple conditions, such as bleeding and thrombosis, Alzheimer''s disease, sepsis, multiple sclerosis, and COVID-19. The individual activities of APC, thrombin, and fXa in coagulation and in various diseases are difficult to establish since these proteases are related and have similar substrate preferences. Therefore, the development of selective chemical tools that enable imaging and discrimination between coagulation factors in biological samples may provide better insight into their roles in various conditions and potentially aid in the establishment of novel diagnostic tests. In our study, we used a large collection of unnatural amino acids, and this enabled us to extensively explore the binding pockets of the enzymes'' active sites. Based on the specificity profiles obtained, we designed highly selective substrates, inhibitors, and fluorescent activity-based probes (ABPs) that were used for fast, direct, and simultaneous detection of APC, thrombin, and fXa in human plasma.

Using a collection of natural and unnatural amino acids, we synthesized a set of fluorescent activity-based probes for the fast, direct, and simultaneous detection of coagulation factors in human plasma.  相似文献   

    

Szymon Poli&#x;ski  Patrycja Topka  Ma&#x;gorzata Ta&#x;ska  Sylwia Kowalska  Sylwester Czaplicki  Aleksandra Szyd&#x;owska-Czerniak 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(21)

The aim of this study was to optimize the grinding process parameters (mesh size of grinder sieve (X₁), the peripheral velocity of the grinding wheels (X₂)), and the storage time (X₃) of ground ginger rhizome and nutmeg to obtain ethanol and ethanol-water extracts with improved antioxidant properties. The optimal conditions were estimated using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three-variable Box–Behnken design (BBD) in order to maximize the antioxidant capacity (AC) determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods, and the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu (F–C) method in spice extracts. Additionally, the phenolic acid profiles in extracts from optimized conditions were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). It was found that the optimal preparation conditions for antioxidant extraction were dependent on the spice source and solvent type. The best antioxidant properties in nutmeg extracts were achieved for X₁ = 1.0 mm, X₂ = 40–41 Hz and X₃ = 7 days, whereas the optimized parameters for ginger extracts were more varied (1.0–2.0 mm, 43–50 Hz and 1–9 days, respectively). The ginger extracts contained 1.5–1.8 times more phenolic acids, and vanillic, ferulic, gallic, and p-OH-benzoic acids were dominant. In contrast, the nutmeg extracts were rich in protocatechuic, vanillic, and ferulic acids.  相似文献   

    

Paulina Bogusz  Piotr Rusek  Marzena Sylwia Brodowska 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(22)

Phosphorus raw materials are non-renewable, and their resources are shrinking faster and faster as a result of increased fertilizer production. This is due to the increasing population and the need to produce more food. Phosphorus, on the other hand, is one of the main nutrients of plants, without which it is impossible to conduct intensive agricultural production. There are no economically significant phosphate resources in Europe, so they must be imported. That is why it is so important to reduce losses and recover this element from waste streams, which was reflected in the new EU Regulation 2019/1009. A prospective option is to use waste phosphates from the production of polyether polyols. Previous studies show that they contain about 20% phosphorus. Due to their high water content, the most advantageous form of their application is the production of fertilizers in the form of a suspension. The aim of the study is to assess the possibility of using waste phosphates from the production of polyols as raw materials for the production of suspension fertilizers.  相似文献   

    

Karol Sikora  Andrzej Nowacki  Piotr Szweda  Anna Woziwodzka  Sylwia Bartoszewska  Jacek Piosik  Barbara Dmochowska 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(3)

A series of quaternary diammonium salts derivatives of 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-l-iditol were synthesized, using isommanide (1,4:3,6-dianhydro-d-mannitol) as a starting material. Both aromatic (pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP), (3-carboxamide)pyridine; N-methylimidazole) and aliphatic (trimethylamine, N,N-dimethylhexylamine, N,N-dimethyloctylamine, N,N-dimethyldecylamine) amines were used, giving eight gemini quaternary ammonium salts (QAS). All salts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against yeasts, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, as well as bacterial Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reference strains. Moreover, antibacterial activity against 20 isolates of S. aureus collected from patients with skin and soft tissue infections (n = 8) and strains derived from subclinical bovine mastitis milk samples (n = 12) were evaluated. Two QAS with octyl and decyl residues exhibited antimicrobial activity, whereas those with two decyl residues proved to be the most active against the tested pathogens, with MIC of 16–32, 32, and 8 µg/mL for yeast, E. coli, and S. aureus reference and clinical strains, respectively. Only QAS with decyl residues proved to be cytotoxic in MTT assay against human keratinocytes (HaCaT), IC₅₀ 12.8 ± 1.2 μg/mL. Ames test was used to assess the mutagenic potential of QAS, and none of them showed mutagenic activity in the concentration range 4–2000 µg/plate.  相似文献   

    

Michael R. Martinez  Sylwia Dworakowska  Adam Gorczyński  Grzegorz Szczepaniak  Ferdinando De Luca Bossa  Krzysztof Matyjaszewski 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2022,60(12):1887-1898

The photoinduced energy/electron transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerizations of oligo(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA, also known as poly[ethylene glycol] methyl ether methacrylate, PEGMA) and isomeric methyl 2-(oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether)acrylate (2OEOAM) macromonomers with OEO average degree of polymerization of 22 or 45 were conducted in aqueous media to provide insight into the effect of monomer structure on grafting-through RAFT of 1,1-disubstituted acrylic macromonomers. The polymerizations of all four monomers reached nearly quantitative conversion. The longer macromonomers polymerized faster than the shorter ones within the same monomer class. The OEO side chain at the α (i.e., 2-) position of isomeric acrylates significantly slowed RAFT polymerization in comparison with OEO ester side chain of methacrylates.  相似文献   

    

Dorota Bederska-&#x;ojewska  Marek Pieszka  Aleksandra Marzec  Magdalena Rudzi&#x;ska  Anna Grygier  Aleksander Siger  Katarzyna Cielik-Boczula  Sylwia Orczewska-Dudek  W&#x;adys&#x;aw Migda&#x; 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(24)

Every year, thousands of tons of fruit seeds are discarded as agro-industrial by-products around the world. Fruit seeds are an excellent source of oils, monounsaturated fatty acids, and n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated essential fatty acids. This study aimed to develop a novel technology for extracting active substances from selected seeds that were obtained after pressing fruit juices. The proposed technology involved sonification with the use of ethyl alcohol at a low extraction temperature. Seeds of four species—blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), and cuckooflower (Cardamine pratensis)—were used for extraction. Following alcohol evaporation under nitrogen, the antioxidant activity, chemical composition, and volatile compounds of the obtained extracts were analyzed using chromatographic methods, including gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS) (GC–MS/MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography–MS. We analyzed physicochemical properties, fatty acid, and volatile compounds composition, sterol and tocochromanol content of blueberry, cranberry, raspberry, and cuckooflower seed oils obtained by sonication. This method is safe and effective, and allows for obtaining valuable oils from the seeds.  相似文献   

    

Piotr Sugier  &#x;ukasz S&#x;czyk  Danuta Sugier  Rafa&#x; Krawczyk  Ma&#x;gorzata Wjcik  Joanna Czarnecka  Sylwia Oko&#x;  Andrzej Plak 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(24)

The bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. Spreng.) is a source of herbal material—bearberry leaf (Uvae ursi folium), which is highly valued and sought by pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. For many years, leaves of this plant have been used in traditional medicine as a diuretic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory agent for various diseases of the urogenital tract. The bearberry has also been proposed as a natural antioxidant additive due to the high contents of phenolic compounds in its leaves. The study was focused on characterization of the basic phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts derived from bearberry leaves collected from plants located at the southern border of the geographical range of the species in Europe. The investigated herbal material is characterized by a different chemical profile compared to the chemical profiles of bearberry found in other parts of the continent. Bearberry extracts from plants growing in two different habitat types—heathlands and pine forests showed a wide range of variation, especially in the concentration of hyperoside, corilagin, and methylartutin and the total flavonoid contents. In addition to arbutin, bearberry can be a valuable source of phenolic compounds, which are mainly responsible for the antioxidant properties of extracts. The high content of phenols and high values of antioxidant parameters indicate a high potential of bearberry leaves to be used as a powerful natural source of antioxidants in herbal preparations. Therefore, the A. uva-ursi populations can be a source of plant material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.  相似文献   

    

Sylwia J Ostrowska  Aabidah Rana  Marcel Utz 《Chemphyschem》2021,22(19):2004-2013

We report a spatially resolved kinetic finite element model of parahydrogen-induced polarisation (PHIP) in a microfluidic chip that was calibrated using on-chip and off-chip NMR data. NMR spectroscopy has great potential as a read-out technique for lab-on-a-chip (LoC) devices, but is often limited by sensitivity. By integrating PHIP with a LoC device, a continuous stream of hyperpolarised material can be produced, and mass sensitivities of have been achieved. However, the yield and polarisation levels have so far been quite low, and can still be optimised. To facilitate this, a kinetic model of the reaction has been developed, and its rate constants have been calibrated using macroscopic kinetic measurements. The kinetic model was then coupled with a finite element model of the microfluidic chip. The model predicts the concentration of species involved in the reaction as a function of flow rate and position in the device. The results are in quantitative agreement with published experimental data.  相似文献   

    

Natalia Festinger  Sylwia Smarzewska  Valentin Mirčeski  Witold Ciesielski 《Electroanalysis》2021,33(2):314-322

In this study, a simple and sensitive square wave voltammetric procedure has been developed for the determination of acemetacin (ACM) at graphite flake paste electrode (GFPE) and glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Under optimized conditions, the dependence of ACM peak current on its concentration showed wide linear range: 0.03–1.0 μmol L⁻¹ and 0.7–15.0 μmol L⁻¹ at GFPE and GCE, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of ACM in pharmaceuticals and spiked urine with satisfying recoveries. The electrochemical oxidation of ACM is an irreversible process controlled by mixed nature of the mass transfer process.  相似文献   

    

Natalia Festinger  Adrianna Lemiesz  Ewelina Skowron  Sylwia Smarzewska  Witold Ciesielski 《Electroanalysis》2021,33(4):854-863

A sensitive square-wave voltammetry (SWV) method based on basal-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (BPPGE) and edge-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (EPPGE) was developed to determine the concentration of the pesticide mandipropamid (MAN) in spiked river water and grape juice samples. Under optimal experimental conditions, the SWV response of EPPGE and BPPGE was linear over the concentration ranges of 0.7 to 9.0 μmol L⁻¹ and 0.5 to 10.0 μmol L⁻¹, respectively. The method was successfully used to determine MAN in spiked samples with good recovery. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was conducted to understand the mechanism underlying the electrode process of MAN.  相似文献