Loss of HX from 2-haloethanol ions

Contrary to the behavior of 1-haloalkanes, the loss of HX from 2-chloro-and 2-bromo-ethanol involves a 1,2 elimination.     

Thomson Scattering Applied to a Noisy Radiative Plasma

Thomson scattering with a 1.5 ms long pulse mode 20 J ruby laser has been applied to a radiative argon plasma with electron densities n_e from 2.5 10¹⁹ m^?3 to 1.5 10²⁰ m^?3 and an electron temperature T_e of about 3 eV. Photon counting techniques have been used. The accuracy of n_e and T_e to be reached is about 5% after 10 shots. The signal to noise ratio S/N has been optimized by the use of optical filters and a special purpose grating. The effects of these elements on S/N have been calculated. The entrance angle, transmission and quantum efficiency have also been optimized. A comparison between 5 possible laser systems, including a normal mode and a Q-switched mode ruby laser, has been carried out.     

Error control in the simplex-technique

The present paper describes a simple method to find an indicator of the error in solutions found by a procedure using the simplex-technique, and also describes a method for improving these solutions to any desired accuracy provided certain conditions are met.     

Size Measurement of Very Small Spherical Particles by Mie Scattering Imaging (MSI)

The Mie Scattering Imaging method (MSI) gathers out‐of‐focus images of dispersed spherical particles present in a laser light sheet and extracts the individual particle diameter from these images. The general idea of the method has been around for more than a decade and a number of papers has dealt with it over recent years. Our work focuses on small particle sizes from 20 μm down to 2 μm, a range which has not been tackled so far although it is of great importance in particle systems. We present an optical set‐up with a special arrangement of camera lenses that allows to work in this range. An evaluation algorithm based on correlation of the experimental optical information with theoretical Mie scattering was found to give the most accurate results for particle sizing. Besides accuracy measurements on solid spheres the versatility of the method is demonstrated by an example of transient droplet growth between 2–7 μm.     

Pressure coefficients of band gaps in semiconductors

A first principles pseudopotential method within the local density approximation is used to calculate the pressure coefficients for band gaps in several diamond and zincblende semiconductors. Despite the underestimation of the band gaps found in almost all local density calculations, the predictions for the linear pressure coefficients and the critical pressures for conduction band inversion are consistent with experiment for all cases considered.     

Magnetic properties of transition metal substituted MnP

The magnetic properties of polycrystalline samples of Mn_1?tT_tP (T = V, Cr, Fe and Co for 0.00 ≦ t ≦ 0.50) are studied by magnetic susceptibility, magnetization and neutron diffraction measurements. The magnetic phase diagrams of the Mn_1?tT_tP phases exhibit paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, helimagnetic and spin glass regions depending on temperature and substitution (T, t). The concentrated spin glass regions observed in Mn_1?tV_tP and Mn_1?tCo_tP (0.30 ≦ t ≦ 0.50) are believed to result from the disorder in the metal sublattice. The variation of the magnetic moment of the ordered Mn_1?tT_tP phases with the substitution (T, t) is discussed.     

Collisional activation spectra of the [C9H11O]+ ion from 2-methyl-2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol

Collisional activation spectra show that the [C₉H₁₁O] ion formed by loss of CH₂OH from the title compound has rearranged to the protonated phenylacetone structure.