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This note aims to subsume several apparently unrelated models under a common framework. Several examples of well-known quantum field theories are listed which are connected via stochastic quantization. We highlight the fact that the quantization method used to obtain the quantum crystal is a discrete analog of stochastic quantization. This model is of interest for string theory, since the (classical) melting crystal corner is related to the topological A-model. We outline several ideas for interpreting the quantum crystal on the string theory side of the correspondence, exploring interpretations in the Wheeler–De Witt framework and in terms of a non-Lorentz invariant limit of topological M-theory. 相似文献
125.
In Saminger-Platz and Sempi (Aequationes Math 76:201–240, 2008) we presented an overview of concepts, facts and results on
triangle functions based on the notions of t-norm, copula, (generalized) convolution, semicopula, quasi-copula. Here, we continue
our presentation. In particular, we treat the concept of duality and study a few important cases of functional equations and
inequalities for triangle functions like, e.g., convolution, Cauchy’s equation, dominance, and Jensen convexity. 相似文献
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Susanne C. Brenner 《Numerische Mathematik》2013,123(1):1-19
We present an analysis of multiplicative Schwarz methods for symmetric positive definite problems that is based on the theory of additive Schwarz preconditioners and discuss applications to multigrid methods and domain decomposition methods. 相似文献
129.
Zhilai Hong Arnaud Bolard Caroline Giraud Sbastien Prvost Grgory Genta‐Jouve Christiane Deregnaucourt Susanne Hussler Katy Jeannot Yanyan Li 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(10):3210-3214
Pseudomonas aeruginosa displays an impressive metabolic versatility, which ensures its survival in diverse environments. Reported herein is the identification of rare azetidine‐containing alkaloids from P. aeruginosa PAO1, termed azetidomonamides, which are derived from a conserved, quorum‐sensing regulated nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) pathway. Biosynthesis of the azetidine motif has been elucidated by gene inactivation, feeding experiments, and biochemical characterization in vitro, which involves a new S‐adenosylmethionine‐dependent enzyme to produce azetidine 2‐carboxylic acid as an unusual building block of NRPS. The mutants of P. aeruginosa unable to produce azetidomonamides had an advantage in growth at high cell density in vitro and displayed rapid virulence in Galleria mellonella model, inferring functional roles of azetidomonamides in the host adaptation. This work opens the avenue to study the biological functions of azetidomonamides and related compounds in pathogenic and environmental bacteria. 相似文献