Volumetric studies on the binary mixtures of furan with some aromatic hydrocarbons

Molar excess volumes of mixing for the binary mixtures of furan with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-, m-, and p-xylenes have been calculated from the precise experimental density data at 25°C over the entire composition range. The results have been discussed in terms of molecular interactions and geometric effects in the binary mixtures.     

Complexes of Copper(II) Chloroacetates with Pyridine and Picoline N-Oxides

1:1 Adducts of composition Cu(CH_3-xCl_xCOO)₄L and 1:2 adducts of composition Cu(CH_3-xCl_xCOO)₂L₂ where x=1-3 and L is pyridine N-Oxide (PyNO), 2-picoline N-oxide (2-PicNO) or 3-picoline N-oxide (3-PicNO) have been isolated by the interaction of copper(II) chloroacetates with the appropriate N-oxide ligands. The adducts are soluble in methanol.     

Growth and thermal kinetics of pure and cadmium doped barium phosphate single crystal

Non-isothermal kinetic parameter of pure and cadmium-doped barium phosphate single crystal grown by room temperature solution technique have been investigated. Single crystal X-ray diffraction establishes grown crystal to be orthorhombic in nature. Scanning electron microscopy supplemented with energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to study the surface features and to find the exact stoichiometric composition of the grown crystal. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirm the presence of various functional groups. The effect of cadmium doping on pure barium phosphate single crystal was studied using thermogravimetry analysis. Thermogravimetry studies shows that the pure crystal was stable up to a temperature of 330 °C whereas doped crystal was stable up to a temperature of 240 °C, i.e., pure crystals were more stable than doped ones. Various solid-state reaction kinetics, i.e., activation energy (E _a), frequency factor (Z), and entropy (ΔS*) was calculated out to find the mechanism of thermal decomposition at different stages for pure and cadmium doped barium phosphate.     

Synthesis and Structure Elucidation of 8-Methyl- and 9-Methyl-exo-2-carbomethoxy-endo-tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]deca-3,8-dien-5-ones

A mixture of 1-methyl- and 2-methyl-1,4,4a,8a,-tetrahydro-endo-1,4-methano-naphthalene-5,8-diones ( 2 & 3 ) was chemically transformed into separable methyl substituted tricyclo[5.2.1.0^2,6]decadienones 7 , 8 & 9 . The structure of 8 & 9 were elucidated via Cope rearrangement of their corresponding allylic alcohols ( 10 & 11 ) to furnish 12 & 13 respectively.     

Thermal analysis on conversion of MoO3 to MoO2 and its silicothermic reduction

The present paper deals with differential thermal analysis studies conducted to find out the onset temperature for silicothermic reduction of MoO₂ to Mo. The reaction kinetics of Si–MoO₂ system has been analyzed by a model-free Kissinger method. X-ray diffraction analysis has confirmed the formation of Mo metal and SiO₂ as the slag phase after silicothermic reduction of MoO₂. The activation energy for silicothermic reduction of MoO₂ to Mo was evaluated to be 309 kJ mol^?1.     

(20R,22R)-6α,7α-Epoxy-5α,27-dihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dienolide in Leaves of Withania somnifera: Isolation and its Crystal Structure

Abstract  (20R,22R)-6α,7α-Epoxy-5α,27-dihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dienolide (27-hydroxy-withanolide B) was isolated from Withania somnifera. The structure of the withanolide was established by spectral analysis and X-ray diffraction studies. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁ with unit cell parameters: a = 9.2163(3), b = 11.1828(4), c = 23.6146(9) ?, Z = 4. The crystal structure was refined to R = 0.0495 for 3,284 observed reflections. All the rings of the steroid skeleton are trans connected. Rings A and B exist in a half-chair conformation, ring C a chair, and five membered ring D is intermediate between a half-chair and an envelope. The δ-lactone ring E adopts a distorted sofa conformation. The twist along the length of the steroid nucleus is −6.5°. The characteristic pattern observed in the packing diagram is the appearance of twisted chains of molecules packed together to form layers. Index Abstract  Isolation and crystal structure analysis of (20R,22R)-6α,7α-epoxy-5α,27-dihydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dienolide.