Upconversion luminescence and ratiometric temperature sensing behavior of Er3+/Yb3+-codoped CaY2Ge3O10 germanate

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Luminescence in Ln2CaGe4O12 under infrared laser excitation

Luminescent properties of the new group of crystalline optical materials Ln₂CaGe₄O₁₂, Ln=Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb were studied under laser excitation at λ=976 nm in the stationary mode. Er₂CaGe₄O₁₂, Ho₂CaGe₄O₁₂ and also the solid solution Ln_xY_2−xCaGe₄O₁₂ (0?x?2) may be used in photonics as optical elements, such as converters and resonance amplifiers.     

Bioactive prenylated xanthones and anthraquinones from Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum

Ten new compounds (1-10), pruniflorone A-J, together with 21 known compounds (11-31) were isolated from the roots and barks of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 11 were also confirmed by X-ray diffraction data. In addition, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of the isolates were also evaluated.     

Alkali metal zinc vanadates

The phase composition of the M₂O-ZnO-V₂O₅ (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) systems at subsolidus temperatures is investigated. Three groups of double vanadates are identified: M₂Zn(VO₃)₄ for M = K, Rb, or Cs; M₂ZnV₂O₇ for M = Na, K, or Rb; and MZnVO₄ for M = Li or Cs. Double pyrovanadate Rb₂ZnV₂O₇ is synthesized for the first time. Phase diagrams are designed for all systems. Comparative phase-formation features of the systems in the alkali oxide series are considered.     

Whitlockite solid solutions in the Ca<Subscript>3</Subscript>(VO<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>2</Subscript>-K<Subscript>3</Subscript>VO<Subscript>4</Subscript>-NdVO<Subscript>4</Subscript> system

Phase equilibria in the Ca₃(VO₄)₂-K₃VO₄-NdVO₄ system have been studied. An extensive calcium orthovanadate-based solid solution was found to form with the boundary compositions as follows: Ca₃(VO₄)₂-Ca₉Nd(VO₄)₇-Ca_9.33K_2.33(VO₄)₇-Ca_7.88K_2.63Nd_0.87(VO₄)₇. The unit cell parameters of the whit-lockite vanadates synthesized increase as the potassium and neodymium contents increase. Phase transitions from the low-temperature β phase to the β′ centrosymmetrical structure in Ca_{9.33 − 5z} K_{2.33 + z} Nd_3z (VO₄)₇ vanadates have been studied dilatometrically. The increase in the β ai β′ transition temperature caused by potassium is interpreted as arising from the filling in of vacant cation positions M(4) and M(6).     

Thermal Expansion and Luminescent Properties of Triorthogermanates CaLa2-xEu x Ge3O10 (x = 0.0–0.6)

Solid solutions CaLa_2-xEu _x Ge₃O₁₀ (x = 0.0–0.6, Δx = 0.1) have been synthesized for the first time. The compounds are isostructural to CaLa₂Ge₃O₁₀, they crystallize in the monoclinic system, space group P2₁/c, Z = 4. The low-temperature X-ray diffraction studies have revealed the strain anisotropy of germanate CaLa₂Ge₃O₁₀ crystal lattice in the temperature range 80–298 K, and the linear thermal expansion coefficients have been calculated. The optical properties of the activated phases have been studied, and the influence of the dopant concentration and the excitation wavelength on the luminescence characteristics of the synthesized compounds has been established.

     

Fungicidal activity of tributyltin alkylsulfate esters

Tributyltin alkyl sulfate esters, e.g. tributyltin dodecyl sulfate, tributyltin hexadecyl sulfate and tributyltin octadecyl sulfate, were synthesized from the reaction of bis(tributyltin) oxide and appropriate alkyl hydrogen sulfates. The resulting tributyltin alkyl sulfate esters were found to exhibit fungicidal activity on Penicillium, Aspergillus and Syncephalustrum species.     

Fluorescence studies of retinol and retinyl acetate

The polarized emission study of all-trans retinol and retinyl acetate in solid films at room temperature has been carried out. The shape of the absorption and fluorescence is typical of Franck-Condon forbidden bands. The high positive polarization of the fluorescence excitation and the emission (when excited into main absorption band due to 1_Bu ← 1_Ag transition) suggests that the lowest excited singlet state of retinols has a large amount of 1_Bu character. The explanation for the high positive polarization involving strong vibronic interactions suggesting 1_Ag - (a very weakly allowed state) being the lowest excited singlet has also been considered.