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81.
Dong Hyun KimHyun Il Cho Taehyoung ZyungLee-Mi Do Ki-Min BarkGap Chul Shin Sung Chul Shin 《European Polymer Journal》2002,38(1):133-137
New tetradentate Schiff-base polymers, in which phenylene units alternate with salicylideneiminato units, have been prepared by condensation of 2,5-(didodecyloxy)-1,4-bis(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)benzene (DFHB) with appropriate diamines in a mixed solution of CHCl3/toluene/acetic acid with 31-79% yields. DFHB as the key building block was prepared by the Suzuki reaction of 2,5-(didodecyloxy)benzene-1,4-diboronic acid with 5-bromosalicylaldehyde in a two-phase solution of tetrahydrofuran/water in the presence of NaHCO3/Pd(PPh3)4 in 45% yield. The molecular structures of the prepared compounds were identified by spectroscopy. Their absorption spectroscopic profiles have been analyzed. 相似文献
82.
Yen YS Lin YC Huang SL Liu YH Sung HL Wang Y 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(51):18037-18045
The cationic complex {[Ru]=C=CHCPh2CH2CH=CH2}BF4 (3a, [Ru] = (eta5-C5H5)(PPh3)2Ru) in solution transforms to {[Ru]=C=CHCH2CPh2CH=CH2}BF4 (4a) via a new metathesis process of the terminal vinyl group with the C=C of the vinylidene group which is confirmed by 13C labeling studies. This transformation is irreversible as revealed by deuteration and decomplexation studies. The cationic complex {[Ru]=C=CHCPh2CH2CMe=CH2}BF4 (3b) undergoes a cyclization process yielding 6b containing a eta2-cyclic allene ligand which is fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Analogous complexes 4a' and 6b' ([Ru] = (eta5-C5H5)(dppe)Ru) containing dppe ligands were similarly obtained from protonation of the corresponding acetylide complexes via formation of vinylidene intermediate. Protonation of the acetylide complex containing a terminal alkynyl group [Ru]-CCCPh2CH2CCH (2c) generates the vinylidene complex {[Ru]=C=CHCPh2CH2CCH}BF4 (3c) which again undergoes an irreversible transformation to give {[Ru]=C=CHCH2CPh2CCH}BF4 (4c) possibly via a pi-coordinated alkynyl complex followed by hydrogen and metal migration. No similar transformation is observed for the analogous dppe complex 3c'. With an extra methylene group, complex {[Ru]=C=CHCPh2CH2CH2CH=CH2}BF4 (3d) and complex {[Ru]=C=CHCPh2CH2Ph}BF4 (3e) are stable. The presence of a gem-diphenylmethylene moiety at the vinylidene ligand with the appropriate terminal vinyl or alkynyl group along with the correct steric environment implements such a novel reactivity in the ruthenium vinylidene complexes. 相似文献
83.
84.
A β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) from Flavobacterium meningosepticum has been purified and characterized. Purity was enhanced at least 530-fold from crude cell extract with 16.6% yield. The estimated molecular mass of the purified enzyme is 150 kDa by gel filtration and 78 kDa by SDS-PAGE. This dimeric enzyme has a pI = 9.0 and an optimal activity at pH 5.0 and temperature of 50 °C. Divalent metal ions (Hg2+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and EDTA have negligible effect on the enzyme activity. The enzyme exhibited a high specificity on the glycon portion of aryl-β-D -glycosides. NMR spectroscopy revealed the enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-β-D -glucopyranoside with the retention of anomeric configuration, indicating that a double displacement mechanism was involved. A preliminary study of the Bronsted relationship showed a concave-downward plot, which is consistent with the two-step mechanism. 相似文献
85.
Kinetic studies of the addition of benzylamines to a noncyclic dicarbonyl group activated olefin, ethyl alpha-acetyl-beta-phenylacrylate (EAP), in acetonitrile at 25.0 degrees C are reported. The rates are lower than those for the cyclic dicarbonyl group activated olefins. The addition occurs in a single step with concurrent formation of the Calpha-N and Cbeta-H bonds through a four-center hydrogen bonded transition state.The kinetic isotope effects (kH/kD > 1.0) measured with deuterated benzylamines (XC6H4CH2ND2) increase with a stronger electron acceptor substituent (deltasigmaX > 0) which is the same trend as those found for other dicarbonyl group activated series (1-4), but is in contrast to those for other (noncarbonyl) group activated series (5-9). For the dicarbonyl series, the reactivity-selectivity principle (RSP) holds, but for others the anti-RSP applies. These are interpreted to indicate an insignificant imbalance for the former, but substantial lag in the resonance delocalization in the transition state for the latter series. 相似文献
86.
Lee SW Lee K Seomoon D Kim S Kim H Kim H Shim E Lee M Lee S Kim M Lee PH 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2004,69(14):4852-4855
Tetraorganoindates, which were prepared easily from the reaction of 1 equiv of InCl(3) with 4 equiv of organometallics, could be employed as effective nucleophilic cross-coupling partners in Pd-catalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling reactions with a variety of organic electrophiles. The present method gave unsymmetrical ketones and 1,4-diacylbenzenes in good yields with highly efficient transfer of almost all the organic groups attached to the indium under a carbon monoxide atmosphere in THF at 60 degrees C. 相似文献
87.
The preparation of an 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene tetraphosphane ligand, 25,26,27,28-tetrakis{2-(diphenylphosphino)ethoxy}calix[4]arene (4), is described. Ligand 4 is obtained in four steps in 17% overall yield. Reaction of 4 with AgBF4 produced the encapsulated two silver complex [Ag2{(P,P,P,P)-tetraphencalix[4]arene}](BF4)2. The solid-state structure shows that the encapsulated silver undergoes a substantial pi-interaction by two opposite arene rings. Rhodation of 4 employing [Rh(cot)2]BF4 yielded the encapsulated complex with a bent coordination mode. Two organometallic fragments inclusioned inside a 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene tetraphosphane was also achieved by the reaction of 4 with [PtH(PPh3)2 (thf)]+. Full characterization includes X-ray structural studies of compounds 4-6. 相似文献
88.
Mixing enhancement has drawn great attention from designers of micromixers, since the flow in a microchannel is usually characterized by a low Reynolds number (Re) which makes the mixing quite a difficult task to accomplish. In this paper, a novel integrated efficient micromixer named serpentine laminating micromixer (SLM) has been designed, simulated, fabricated and fully characterized. In the SLM, a high level of efficient mixing can be achieved by combining two general chaotic mixing mechanisms: splitting/recombination and chaotic advection. The splitting and recombination (in other terms, lamination) mechanism is obtained by the successive arrangement of "F"-shape mixing units in two layers. The advection is induced by the overall three-dimensional serpentine path of the microchannel. The SLM was realized by SU-8 photolithography, nickel electroplating, injection molding and thermal bonding. Mixing performance of the SLM was fully characterized numerically and experimentally. The numerical mixing simulations show that the advection acts favorably to realize the ideal vertical lamination of fluid flow. The mixing experiments based on an average mixing color intensity change of phenolphthalein show a high level of mixing performance was obtained with the SLM. Numerical and experimental results confirm that efficient mixing is successfully achieved from the SLM over the wide range of Re. Due to the simple and mass producible geometry of the efficient micromixer, SLM proposed in this study, the SLM can be easily applied to integrated microfluidic systems, such as micro-total-analysis-systems or lab-on-a-chip systems. 相似文献
89.
Heekyoung Choi Sojeong Heo Seonae Lee Ka Young Kim Jong Hyeon Lim Sung Ho Jung Shim Sung Lee Hiroyuki Miyake Jin Yong Lee Jong Hwa Jung 《Chemical science》2020,11(3):721
We report kinetically controlled chiral supramolecular polymerization based on ligand–metal complex with a 3 : 2 (L : Ag+) stoichiometry accompanying a helical inversion in water. A new family of bipyridine-based ligands (d-L1, l-L1, d-L2, and d-L3) possessing hydrazine and d- or l-alanine moieties at the alkyl chain groups has been designed and synthesized. Interestingly, upon addition of AgNO3 (0.5–1.3 equiv.) to the d-L1 solution, it generated the aggregate I composed of the d-L1AgNO3 complex (d-L1 : Ag+ = 1 : 1) as the kinetic product with a spherical structure. Then, aggregate I (nanoparticle) was transformed into the aggregate II (supramolecular polymer) based on the (d-L1)3Ag2(NO3)2 complex as the thermodynamic product with a fiber structure, which led to the helical inversion from the left-handed (M-type) to the right-handed (P-type) helicity accompanying CD amplification. In contrast, the spherical aggregate I (nanoparticle) composed of the d-L1AgNO3 complex with the left-handed (M-type) helicity formed in the presence of 2.0 equiv. of AgNO3 and was not additionally changed, which indicated that it was the thermodynamic product. The chiral supramolecular polymer based on (d-L1)3Ag2(NO3)2 was produced via a nucleation–elongation mechanism with a cooperative pathway. In thermodynamic study, the standard ΔG° and ΔHe values for the aggregates I and II were calculated using the van''t Hoff plot. The enhanced ΔG° value of the aggregate II compared to that of the formation of aggregate I confirms that aggregate II was thermodynamically more stable. In the kinetic study, the influence of concentration of AgNO3 confirmed the initial formation of the aggregate I (nanoparticle), which then evolved to the aggregate II (supramolecular polymer). Thus, the concentration of the (d-L1)3Ag2(NO3)2 complex in the initial state plays a critical role in generating aggregate II (supramolecular polymer). In particular, NO3− acts as a critical linker and accelerator in the transformation from the aggregate I to the aggregate II. This is the first example of a system for a kinetically controlled chiral supramolecular polymer that is formed via multiple steps with coordination structural change.The nanoparticles were transformed into the supramolecular polymer as the thermodynamic product, involving a helical inversion from left-handed to right-handed helicity. 相似文献
90.
Micropatterning of polymer thin films with pH-sensitive and cross-linkable hydrogen-bonded polyelectrolyte multilayers 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Polyelectrolyte multilayers of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and polyacrylamide (PAAm) were prepared via hydrogen-bonding interactions. These multilayers as assembled were stable at low pH but dissolved quickly in neutral pH water. We developed methods for stabilizing these multilayers to high pH through cross-linking by heating or UV-irradiation. Thermal treatment of the multilayers, which resulted in a partial imidization between carboxylic acid and amide groups, gave the multilayer good stability at high pH. In addition, we introduced photoreactive groups in the multilayer, which rendered the film insoluble after UV irradiation. Using these selective stabilization approaches, we have succeeded in micropatterning these films by ink-jet printing and photolithography to create subtractive patterns. 相似文献