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31.
Subhajit Saha Anindita Mondal 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2017,77(3):196
A rigorous thermodynamic analysis has been done as regards the apparent horizon of a spatially flat Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker universe for the gravitationally induced particle creation scenario with constant specific entropy and an arbitrary particle creation rate \(\Gamma \). Assuming a perfect fluid equation of state \(p=(\gamma -1)\rho \) with \(\frac{2}{3} \le \gamma \le 2\), the first law, the generalized second law (GSL), and thermodynamic equilibrium have been studied, and an expression for the total entropy (i.e., horizon entropy plus fluid entropy) has been obtained which does not contain \(\Gamma \) explicitly. Moreover, a lower bound for the fluid temperature \(T_f\) has also been found which is given by \(T_f \ge 8\left( \frac{\frac{3\gamma }{2}-1}{\frac{2}{\gamma }-1}\right) H^2\). It has been shown that the GSL is satisfied for \(\frac{\Gamma }{3H} \le 1\). Further, when \(\Gamma \) is constant, thermodynamic equilibrium is always possible for \(\frac{1}{2}<\frac{\Gamma }{3H} < 1\), while for \(\frac{\Gamma }{3H} \le \text {min}\left\{ \frac{1}{2},\frac{2\gamma -2}{3\gamma -2} \right\} \) and \(\frac{\Gamma }{3H} \ge 1\), equilibrium can never be attained. Thermodynamic arguments also lead us to believe that during the radiation phase, \(\Gamma \le H\). When \(\Gamma \) is not a constant, thermodynamic equilibrium holds if \(\ddot{H} \ge \frac{27}{4}\gamma ^2 H^3 \left( 1-\frac{\Gamma }{3H}\right) ^2\), however, such a condition is by no means necessary for the attainment of equilibrium. 相似文献
32.
A transition-metal-free intramolecular dehydrohalide coupling via intramolecular homolytic aromatic substitution (HAS) with aryl radicals has been developed in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide and an organic molecule as the catalyst. The methodology has been applied to a concise synthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids viz. oxoassoanine (1b), anhydrolycorinone (1d), and other related structures. Interestingly, the method also works only in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide. 相似文献
33.
Subhajit Saha Bhaskar Das Nilesh Mazumder Anurag Bharati Kalyan Kumar Chattopadhyay 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2012,61(3):518-526
Magnesium aluminate nanoparticles with different chromium concentration (0–12%) have been synthesized by a citrate–nitrate
sol–gel route. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of single-phase cubic spinel structure excluding the presence
of any secondary phase. Crystallite size of the synthesized nanoparticles was found to increase from 8.5 to 19.8 nm with the
increase in Cr concentration. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic studies confirmed the presence of AlO6 group which led to the formation of MgAl2O4 spinel structure. Surface morphology of the sintered pellets was investigated with the help of a field emission scanning
electron microscope which revealed the existence of both grain and grain boundary along with their aggregates. The dielectric
constant, dielectric loss and ac conductivity were studied as a function of frequency of the applied electric field for different
composition and their nature of variation with frequency has been elucidated on the basis of Maxwell–Wagner interfacial model.
Impedance spectroscopy technique has been used to study the effect of grain and grain boundary on the electrical properties
of this spinel oxide. All the electrical parameters showed strong dependence on the nanostructural properties and were found
to vary consistently with the increase of doping concentration. 相似文献
34.
Delley RJ Bandyopadhyay S Fox MA Schliehe C Hodgson DR Hollfelder F Kirby AJ O'Donoghue AC 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2012,10(3):590-596
The rate constants for exchange of hydrogen for deuterium at the α-CH(2) positions of 8-(N,N-dimethylaminonaphthalen-1-yl)acetic acid tert-butyl ester 1 and naphthalen-1-ylacetic acid tert-butyl ester 2 have been determined in potassium deuteroxide solutions in 1 : 1 D(2)O : CD(3)CN, in order to quantify the effect of the neighbouring peri-dimethylamino substituent on α-deprotonation. Intramolecular general base catalysis by the (weakly basic) neighbouring group was not detected. Second-order rate constants, k(DO), for the deuterium exchange reactions of esters 1 and 2 have been determined as 1.35 × 10(-4) M(-1) s(-1) and 3.95 × 10(-3) M(-1) s(-1), respectively. The unexpected 29-fold decrease in the k(DO) value upon the introduction of a peri-dimethylamino group is attributed to an unfavourable steric and/or electronic substituent effect on intermolecular deprotonation by deuteroxide ion. From the experimental k(DO) values, carbon acid pK(a) values of 26.8 and 23.1 have been calculated for esters 1 and 2. 相似文献
35.
Subhajit Bhunia Pranay Saha Parikshit Moitra Matthew A. Addicoat Santanu Bhattacharya 《Chemical science》2022,13(26):7920
Solid porous and crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are characterized by their higher specific BET surface areas and functional pore walls, which allow the adsorption of various bioactive molecules inside the porous lattices. We have introduced a perylene-based COF, PER@PDA-COF-1, which acts as an effective porous volumetric reservoir for an anticancer drug, mitoxantrone (MXT). The drug-loaded COF (MXT–PER@PDA-COF-1) exhibited zero cellular release of MXT towards cancer cells, which can be attributed to the strong intercalation between the anthracene-dione motif of the drug and the perylene-based COF backbone. Here, we have introduced a strategy involving the serum-albumin-triggered intracellular release of mitoxantrone from MXT–PER@PDA-COF-1. The serum albumin acts as an exfoliating agent and as a colloidal stabilizer in PBS medium (pH = 7.4), rapidly forming a protein corona around the exfoliated COF crystallites and inducing the sustained release of MXT from the COF into tumorigenic cells.Solid porous and crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are characterized by their higher specific BET surface areas and functional pore walls, which allow the adsorption of various bioactive molecules inside the porous lattices. 相似文献
36.
Subhajit Laha Nimish Dwarkanath Abhishek Sharma Darsi Rambabu Sundaram Balasubramanian Tapas Kumar Maji 《Chemical science》2022,13(24):7172
Light hydrocarbon separation is considered one of the most industrially challenging and desired chemical separation processes and is highly essential in polymer and chemical industries. Among them, separating ethylene (C2H4) from C2 hydrocarbon mixtures such as ethane (C2H6), acetylene (C2H2), and other natural gas elements (CO2, CH4) is of paramount importance and poses significant difficulty. We demonstrate such separations using an Al-MOF synthesised earlier as a non-porous material, but herein endowed with hierarchical porosity created under microwave conditions in an equimolar water/ethanol solution. The material possessing a large surface area (793 m2 g−1) exhibits an excellent uptake capacity for major industrial hydrocarbons in the order of C2H2 > C2H6 > CO2 > C2H4 > CH4 under ambient conditions. It shows an outstanding dynamic breakthrough separation of ethylene (C2H4) not only for a binary mixture (C2H6/C2H4) but also for a quaternary combination (C2H4/C2H6/C2H2/CO2 and C2H4/C2H6/C2H2/CH4) of varying concentrations. The detailed separation/purification mechanism was unveiled by gas adsorption isotherms, mixed-gas adsorption calculations, selectivity estimations, advanced computer simulations such as density functional theory (DFT), grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD), and stepwise multicomponent dynamic breakthrough experiments.Industrially important C2H4 purification from multi-component hydrocarbon mixtures. 相似文献
37.
Subhajit Bal Chandranath Ghosh Tapan Ghosh Ratheesh K. Vijayaraghavan Dibyendu Das 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(32):13608-13612
Hydrophobic collapse plays crucial roles in protein functions, from accessing the complex three-dimensional structures of native enzymes to the dynamic polymerization of non-equilibrium microtubules. However, hydrophobic collapse can also lead to the thermodynamically downhill aggregation of aberrant proteins, which has interestingly led to the development of a unique class of soft nanomaterials. There remain critical gaps in the understanding of the mechanisms of how hydrophobic collapse can regulate such aggregation. Demonstrated herein is a methodology for non-equilibrium amyloid polymerization through mutations of the core sequence of Aβ peptides by a thermodynamically activated moiety. An out of equilibrium state is realized because of the negative feedback from the transiently formed cross-β amyloid networks. Such non-equilibrium amyloid nanostructures were utilized to access temporal control over its electronic properties. 相似文献
38.
Using bromopyridines and methoxyphenyl boronic acid as starting materials, consecutive Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and hydrogenation reactions were undertaken using a heterogeneous Pd/C catalyst in one-pot manner under mild conditions (balloon-pressure at room temperature for hydrogenation) with excellent yield. To counter Pd leaching as well as catalyst poisoning, addition of an appropriate amount of H2O was crucial to achieving successful AcOH-promoted hydrogenation, which ensured a selective reduction of the pyridine rings to the corresponding piperidines. 相似文献
39.
40.
In the presence of bicarbonate as co-catalyst hexathiocyanatorhenate(IV) functions as an extremely effective catalyst in the epoxidation of olefins using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as the terminal oxidant. 相似文献