不同钴含量CoAPO-5分子筛的合成、表征及其催化环己烷氧化性能

用水热法合成了一系列不同含量钴掺杂的磷酸铝分子筛CoAPO-5. 合成的样品用X射线衍射(XRD), 扫描电镜(SEM), 紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS), 热重分析(TG)仪和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)等进行了表征. XRD表征显示, 合成的CoAPO-5分子筛具有较高的结晶度, 分子筛晶胞参数与Co含量之间存在较好的对应关系. UV-Vis漫反射光谱显示合成的CoAPO-5分子筛具有骨架钴的特征三重峰; 焙烧后峰的强度降低, 表明分子筛骨架中Co2+可被氧化成Co3+. SEM表明该分子筛具有典型的AlPO4-5分子筛形貌特征. TG结果也表明Co2+进入了分子筛骨架, 分子筛具有较好的稳定性. 在环己烷氧化反应中CoAPO-5具有较好的催化性能, 环己烷转化率与环己酮选择性均较高; 随着分子筛中钴含量的增加, 环己烷的转化率增加.     

A novel 3D mammalian cell perfusion-culture system in microfluidic channels

Mammalian cells cultured on 2D surfaces in microfluidic channels are increasingly used in drug development and biological research applications. These systems would have more biological or clinical relevance if the cells exhibit 3D phenotypes similar to the cells in vivo. We have developed a microfluidic channel based system that allows cells to be perfusion-cultured in 3D by supporting them with adequate 3D cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The maximal cell-cell interaction was achieved by perfusion-seeding cells through an array of micropillars; and 3D cell-matrix interactions were achieved by a polyelectrolyte complex coacervation process to form a thin layer of matrix conforming to the 3D cell shapes. Carcinoma cell lines (HepG2, MCF7), primary differentiated (hepatocytes) and primary progenitor cells (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) were perfusion-cultured for 72 hours to 1 week in the microfluidic channel, which preserved their 3D cyto-architecture and cell-specific functions or differentiation competence. This transparent 3D microfluidic channel-based cell culture system also allows direct optical monitoring of cellular events for a wide range of applications.     

高分子科技发展史上几个重要事件给我们的启示——兼谈高分子物理概论部分的讲授

简单回顾了高分子科学的发展简史,并重点介绍了高分子科学发展过程中的几个里程碑式的事件,启示后人在科学研究上应该具备的精神和理念,点出了这些事件中涉及到的高分子物理方面的知识,并提示学生在以后的高分子物理课程的学习中去寻找答案。在高分子物理课程概论部分的讲授过程中,就日常生活中所遇到的各种涉及到高分子物理方面知识的问题提示学生带着疑问和思考去学习,以培养学生对高分子物理的学习兴趣,并培养学生的创新精神。     

Fe2O3掺杂Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9固体电解质的结构与导电性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成SiO2含量小于50×10-6的Ce0.8Nd0.2O1.9(NDC)陶瓷粉体,并将少量Fe2O3加入到NDC体系中,讨论Fe2O3的掺杂对其微观结构及电性能的影响。通过X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对氧化物进行结构表征,交流阻抗谱(AC)测试电性能。研究表明,Fe2O3的掺杂显著提高NDC陶瓷材料的致密度;相比于NDC而言,加入Fe2O3后材料的晶界电导率提高约12倍,总电导率提高约6倍。     

Assessing the dynamics of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea in autumn by EEMs-PARAFAC

In this study we have successfully characterized the fluorescent components of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM) in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea in autumn using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy(EEMs) combined with parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC).PARAFAC aids the characterization of fluorescence CDOM by decomposing the fluorescence matrices into individual components.Four humic-like components(C1,C2,C3,and C4),one marine biological production component(C6),and two protein-like components(C5 and C7) were identified by PARAFAC.We researched the distributional patterns of fluorescence intensity,regression analyses between salinity,chlorophyll a concentration and fluorescence intensities of individual fluorophore,and regression analysis between salinity and fluorescence intensities percent of individual fluorophore.The results revealed that C2 and C4 showed conservative mixing behavior,while C1 and C3 possessed conservative mixing behavior in high salinity region and additional behavior in low and middle salinity region,which were considered to be derived from riverine and degradation of organic matter from resuspended and/or sinking particles and show non-conservative mixing behavior.In addition to riverine sources,the tryptophan-like C5 may receive widespread addition(likely from photo-degradation or biodegradation),while the most likely sources for the one marine humic-like C6 and tyrosine-like C7 were biological activity and microbial processing of plankton-derived CDOM,which were suggested to be of autochthonous origin and biologically labile.The application of EEM-PARAFAC modeling presents a unique opportunity to observe compositional changes,different mixing behavior and temporal variability in CDOM in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea.     

ZSM-5分子筛的粒径可控合成及其在甲醇转化中的催化作用

以四丙基氢氧化胺为模板剂、聚乙二醇为添加剂,水热合成了粒径在0.1～14 μm且分布均一的ZSM-5分子筛,并采用XRD、SEM、BET、Py-IR、NH₃-TPD和ICP等技术对其进行了表征,考察了不同粒径分子筛在甲醇转化制碳氢化合物反应中的催化作用。结果表明,通过调变PEG添加量、硅源种类和水含量以及控制陈化和晶化条件,可以在较大范围内调变分子筛晶粒尺寸。随着粒径的减小,ZSM-5晶粒的聚集程度、比表面积和Si/Al比提高,而结晶度、BrØnsted酸浓度和总酸量有所下降。在甲醇催化转化制碳氢化合物的反应中,粒径为0.1 μm的分子筛催化稳定性最好;随着粒径的增大,其稳定性逐渐下降,粒径为14 μm的分子筛催化剂寿命明显降低。同时,粒径对甲醇转化产物分布也有较大影响;小粒径分子筛有利于生成轻质烃类(C₁～C₄),而大粒径分子筛对C₅以上烷烃和芳烃的选择性较高。     

An ionothermal synthetic approach to porous polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks

Pretty porous POMs: Ionothermal synthesis was applied to prepare porous POM-based open frameworks. The structural integrity remains unchanged until 300?°C; most importantly, the bulky tetrabutylammonium cations within their nanosized channels can be replaced by transition-metal ions through a cation-exchange process, and subsequent gas adsorption measurements confirm their permanent porosity.     

Controlled adsorption of cellulase onto pretreated corncob by pH adjustment

The effective recycling of cellulase requires an in-depth understanding of cellulase adsorption and desorption. In the present study, we examined the adsorption behaviors and stabilities of cellulase at different pH values. Acidic pH (<4.8) was found to favor adsorption, whereas neutral and alkaline pH (especially pH 7 and 10) favored desorption. The influence of pH on cellulase activity was temperature dependent. Under mild conditions (e.g., pH 7 and 25 °C), the effect of pH on cellulase activity was reversible, and the cellulase activity can return to almost 100% by adjusting the pH value to 4.8. However, under severe conditions (e.g. pH 10 and 50 °C), irreversible inactivation may take place. We also explored the roles of pH and temperature in cellulase adsorption kinetics and isotherms. At pH 4.8, temperature had no remarkable effect on the adsorption capacity of the cellulases onto substrate. However, at pH 7 and 10, high temperatures lead to more cellulase desorption. Only at pH 4.8 does cellulase adsorption well fit (R ² > 0.96) the pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R ² > 0.99) models.     

乙酰胆碱酯酶/Nafion/普鲁士蓝修饰玻碳电极的制备及其在有机农药检测中的应用

制备了乙酰胆碱酯酶/Nafion/普鲁士蓝修饰的玻碳电极,测试了该修饰电极检测有机农药西维因(carbaryl)和敌百虫(trichlorfon)的性能指标。 利用原子力显微镜和电化学技术研究了电极的构造及其对于有机农药检测性能指标的影响。 结果表明,乙酰胆碱酯酶均匀地分散到Nafion/普鲁士蓝修饰的玻碳电极上。 在最优的实验条件下,构筑的修饰电极检测西维因和敌百虫的线性范围分别为0.01~0.5 μmol/L及2.0~10.0 μmol/L和0.02~1.0 μmol/L及2.0~8.0 μmol/L,检出限分别为5.0和10.0 nmol/L。 并对模拟的实际样品进行了检测,发现该方法有较高的检测灵敏度、较好的重复性和抗干扰性。     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzothiazole-2-thiol derivatives as potential anticancer agents

A series of novel benzothiazole-2-thiol derivatives were synthesized and their structures determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HRMS (ESI). The effects of all compounds on a panel of different types of human cancer cell lines were investigated. Among them, pyridinyl-2-amine linked benzothiazole-2-thiol compounds 7d, 7e, 7f and 7i exhibited potent and broad-spectrum inhibitory activities. Compound 7e displayed the most potent anticancer activity on SKRB-3 (IC(50) = 1.2 nM), SW620 (IC(50) = 4.3 nM), A549 (IC(50) = 44 nM) and HepG2 (IC(50) = 48 nM) and was found to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cancer cells.