Comparison of the structural and chemical composition of giant T-even phage heads.

A study has been made of the structure of the capsids of T4D giant phage produced from mutants in gene 23 and temperature-sensitive mutants in gene 24, and T4D and T2L giant phage formed by the addition of L-canavanine followed by an Larginine chase in the growth medium. All the giant phage capsids have been shown to be built according to the same geometrical architecture. This consists of a near-hexagonal surface net, lattice constant 129.5 A, folded into a left-handed T = 13 prolate icosahedron elongated along one of its fivefold symmetry axes. Their only apparent difference from wild-type T-even phage capsids is their abnormally elongated tubular part. A comparison of the capsomere morphologies and protein compositions of the giant phage capsids showed that all T4D giants are identical but differ from T2L: The T4D capsomere has a complex (6 + 6 + 1)-type morphology, whereas the T2L has a simple 6-type. T2L phage, however, lack two capsid proteins, "soc" and "hoc", present in T4D. The difference in capsomere morphology can therefore be related to the difference in the protein compositions of these two phage. Possible differences between the initiation and means of length regulation of giant phage heads and the aberrant polyheads are discussed.     

Infrared spectra and rotational isomerism of epifluorohydrin and other propene oxide derivatives

The infrared spectrum for the vapour, liquid and solid states of epifluorohydrin has been studied, and evidence has been obtained for the presence of rotational isomers. The dominant conformer in all phases corresponds to a gauche structure, which was the only form identified in the vapour by microwave spectroscopy [1]. Similar evidence for conformational equilibria has been found for the chloro, bromo and iodo derivatives, and the enthalpy differences between the rotational isomers of these compounds were measured respectively as 4580 ± 970, 3950 ± 400, and 2350 ± 170 J mol^?1 respectively. At low temperatures, epiiodohydrin was found to crystallize in one of two possible crystalline phases. These two phases correspond to the two rotational isomeric conformations of the molecule.     

Unusual regiochemistry in a beckmann-like rearrangement of camphor. α-Camphidone via methylene migration.

Reaction of camphor with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid affords the nitrogen insertion product α-camphidone by migration of the methylene group rather than the bridgehead. Since Beckmann rearrangements of trigonal oximes afford bridgehead cleavage products with camphor, an alternative synchronous rearrangement of a tetrahedral intermediate is proposed for this Beckmann-like reaction.     

Synthesis of methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4,5]decanes using organoselenium mediated cyclization reactions

Three naturally occurring methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decanes have been prepared in good yield using organoselenium mediated reactions during the crucial cyclization process.     

A method of general applicability for the micro determination of chlorine,bromine and iodine

Summary A method is described for the combustion of halogen containing organic compounds in milligram quantities in a closed system. It has been found to have greater applicability than existing techniques. After combustion the halogen is determined by an amperometric titration, which permits the determination of Cl^–, Br^– and I^– either singly or in admixture. The accuracy is probably better than existing micro methods for single halides and comparable with these methods for mixed halides.

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Zusammenfassung Eine Methode zur Verbrennung von Milligrammengen halogenhaltiger organischer Verbindungen im geschlossenen System wurde beschrieben. Sie hat einen größeren Anwendungsbereich als bisher bekannte Verfahren. Nach der Verbrennung wird das Halogen durch eine amperometrische Titration bestimmt, womit Chlorid, Bromid und Jodid sowohl einzeln wie in Gemischen bestimmt werden können. Die Genauigkeit seheint besser zu sein als bei bekannten Mikromethoden für die Bestimmung einzelner Halogene und etwa gleich gut wie bei Methoden zur Analyse von Halogengemischen.

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Résumé On décrit une méthode de combustion en vase clos, des composés organiques contenant des halogènes en quantités de l'ordre du milligramme. Cette méthode a été trouvée comme ayant un domaine d'applications plus grand que celui des techniques existant déjà. Après combustion, l'halogène est dosé par titrage ampérométrique, ce qui permet le dosage de Cl^–, Br^– et I^– isolés ou en mélange. La précision est probablement meilleure que celle des microméthodes existant pour les halogénures isolés et comparable à celle de ces méthodes pour les mélanges d'halogénures.