über Katalysatoren- und Fermentmodelle (1)

Ohne Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit wurde aus Mitteln des Marshall-Planes (ERP-Mittel) und mit Spenden aus dem „Fonds Chemie“ ausgeführt. Wir sprechen den zust?ndigen Stellen für die Gew?hrung der Beihilfe unseren verbindlichsten Dank aus. Der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft danken wir für die überlassung einer Ultrazentrifuge, den Behring-Werken für die uns zur Verfügung gestellten Serumalbumin- und -globulin-Pr?parate.     

Theoretical treatment of the spectrophotometric titration of bivalent cations with complexon-iii and metal-specific indicators

It was derived theoretically that a sharp end-point of this spectrophotometrical titration is defined, in order of importance, by: 1. *K_C ? *K_I (numerically speaking, log$\text{*K}{}_{\mathrm{C}}\text{*K}{}_{\mathrm{I}}$ should be at least 4); 2. *K_I being large (numerically e.g. 10⁴-10⁵); this is already reached by choosing a high pH; 3. it being low; 4. m_t being as high as possible.     

Studies on the extraction of chromium(VI) by ketones

A study of the extraction of chromium(VI) from aqueous media by ketones was made. Extraction of chromium was found to be most efficient from aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions. A mechanism for the extraction of chromium(VI) from aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions by methyl isobutyl ketone is proposed involving the formation of a receptor in the organic phase, the exchange of the chloride ion of the receptor for the anionic chromium(VI) species of the aqueous phase, and the solvation of the extracted chromium species. The differences in the abilities of various ketones to extract chromium(VI) from aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions, and the differences in the extraction of chromium (VI) from various aqueous acids by methyl isobutyl ketone are attributed to the differences in the formation of receptors.     

Building mass spectrometers and a philosophy of research

Development of the techniques of ion kinetic energy spectrometry and mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry is described. The extension of these concepts to the method of tandem mass spectrometry for direct mixture analysis is traced, and a rationale for the construction of hybrid mass spectrometers is presented. Collisions of polyatomic ions with surfaces are discussed as an outgrowth of gaseous collisions. An attempt is made to describe a philosophy of research that guided the construction of a dozen mass spectrometers and the exploration of organic ion chemistry in as many contexts.     

Study of the microstructure of tetrahydrofuran-3,3 dimethyloxetane copolymers by 13C-NMR spectroscopy.

The microstructure of tetrahydrofuran (A)-3,3 dimethyloxetane (B) copolymers was studied by ¹³C-{¹H}-NMR spectroscopy. Only the methyl carbons corresponding to the 3,3 dimethyloxetane unit appear as a singlet, whereas the other carbons present a more complicated spectral pattern than it would be expected if ? effects were negligible. The assignment of the resonance signals allowed the determination of the values of the probabilities of the different triads, which were in good agreement with those obtained from the reactivity ratios.     

Application of ESCA to polymer chemistry. VIII. Surface structures of AB block copolymers of polydimethylsiloxane and polystyrene

The surface morphology of a number of films of AB block copolymers of polydimethylsiloxane and polystyrene was examined by ESCA and contact angle measurements. In all cases the immediate surface is shown to consist of an essentially pure polydimethylsiloxane component. By comparing the intensities of elastic peaks corresponding to photoionizations from core levels without energy loss for polydimethylsiloxane and polystyrene with those for the block copolymers and by consideration of shake-up phenomena specific to the polystyrene component, an estimate of the thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane outer layer of the latter may be obtained. This is shown to vary between ～13 and 40 Å, depending on the method of formation of copolymer film.     

Zur Kenntnis der thermischen Zersetzung von Ammoniumhexafluoroscandat,-titanat,-vanadat und-chromat

Thermal analysis supported by kinetic calculations was applied exhaustively to these compounds. Under dynamic conditions, tetrafluorometallates(III), which as intermediates, could not be isolated, for the first three compounds. In each case, the final step was the pure metal(III) fluoride. Ammonium hexafluorochromate(III) decomposed directly to the pure chromium(III) fluoride. The decomposition rate of all compounds slowed down towards the end, probably for kinetic reasons. Polymorphic transitions of ammonium hexafluorotitanate(III) were observed at 35 and 100°C. Ammoniumhexafluoroscandate(III) underwent polymorphic transition at 47°C. The decomposition patterns for all these compounds were similar. Conditions for the preparation of pure ammonium tetrafluorometallates(III) of Sc, Ti and V are described.     

Hétérocyclisations intramoléculaires par réaction d'oxymercuration. I — synthèse et configurations des hétérocycles

We have accomplished the intramolecular oxymercuration of γ-δ ethylenic alcohols, with different mercuric salts under different conditions. By “in situ” reduction, or by direct reduction of isolated mercuric compounds, we obtain, in some cases, diastereoisomers with different relative yields.     

Spectrophotometric determination of the protolytic dissociation constants of the new chromogenic reagent "palladiazo"-I Investigations with sodium hydroxide, perchloric acid and different aqueous buffer solutions

The "palladiazo" reagent has been subjected to a detailed spectrophotometric investigation in concentrated perchloric acid, different aqueous buffers and concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions. K(1)-K(10) and (1)-(10) values corresponding to the instability constants of the protolytic equilibria involved and to the molar absorptivities at 540 and 630 run of the different proton complex species of the system have been calculated by a number of analytical and graphical spectrophotometric methods. Special attention has been paid to the study of the complicated phenomena implied by the interaction of the reagent with perchloric acid, which has been shown to give rise to alteration of the initial isomeric composition of the reagent and to the formation of addition and/or oxidation products derived from side-reactions undergone by the reagent with the medium. All the instability constants and molar absorptivities, which have been determined by several methods, are tabulated for comparison.     

Critical evaluation of spiking of low-grade ore samples in activation analysis for gold and uranium

In applying non-destructive neutron-activation analysis for gold and uranium in spiked low-grade ore samples, the following extrapolated unspiked concentrations were measured: 0.27₈ ± 0.01₅ ppm gold (chemical assay: 0.20₂ ± 0.02₀ ppm gold); 25.1 ± 1.1 ppm uranium (chemical assay value: 19.5 ±2.0 ppm uranium). Different approaches to the fitting of results, and the influence of spiking non-uniformity, are discussed.