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51.
The electronic absorption spectra of 1,2,3-trimethyl benzene in the vapour and solid phases and in an isobutyl alcohol rigid glass at 90°K are described in this paper. Some characteristic features of the vibrational structure of the spectra are discussed. 相似文献
52.
The solid-liquid reaction between Udaipur rock phosphate and different concentrations of sulphuric acid is found to be greatly enhanced when the reaction is carried out in the presence of high intensity ultrasound (800 kHz and 80 W cm?2). Even coarser rock particles up to 50 mesh (BSS) can be effectively decomposed in the presence of ultrasound to such an extent that is suitable for utilization in a commercial phosphatic fertilizer plant, which is not otherwise possible. The ultrasound helps the diffusion of reactants on to the solid rock particles and also inhibits the coating of calcium sulphate, formed during the reaction, on the unreacted solid rock particles. The decomposition curve of Udaipur rock phosphate at 80°C with different concentrations of sulphuric acid contains two maxima and two minima which are controlled by the concentration of H3O+, HSO4? and SO42? ions in the medium as the reaction proceeds. It is found that the presence of ultrasound reduces the difference between these maxima and minima and the decomposition is increased in all cases. 相似文献
53.
High intensity ultrasound (800 kHz and 80 Wcm-2) is passed through phosphoric acid of different origins and concentrations. Its influence on fluorine content, viscosity, density, colour and tendency to form sludge on ageing is observed. The quantity of fluorine in all samples of acid goes on decreasing with the time of exposure to ultrasound. Due to removal of fluorine by the ultrasound, the tendency of the acids to form sludge also decreases. The evolution of fluorine from the wet process phosphoric acid may be due to the decomposition of H2SiF6 present in the acid to HF and SiF4 by the enormous amount of energy released due to cavitation. The exposed acid thus becomes purer, and can be concentrated and transported easily without sludge formation. 相似文献
54.
Mallick K Witcomb MJ Dinsmore A Scurrell MS 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(17):7964-7967
This work demonstrated a facile route for the synthesis of poly(3,5-dimethyl aniline) nanofibers by polymerization of 3,5-dimethyl aniline using Pd-acetate as the oxidant. The reduction of Pd ion is accompanied by oxidative polymerization of 3,5-dimethyl aniline, leading to a metal-polymer composite material. Palladium nanoparticles (approximately 2 nm) are uniformly distributed throughout the polymer that makes the composite material a unique morphology. The resultant composite material was characterized by means of different techniques. IR and Raman spectra provide the information on the chemical structure of the polymer. TEM images show the morphology of the polymer and size of the metal particles. 相似文献
55.
A Ronch ruling is photographed through a phase object which produces deformations in the grating lines. The superposition of the straight rulings and the deformed ones on the photographic plate gives rise to a moiré pattern which characterises the phase variations of the object. 相似文献
56.
Sourav Haldar Mamata Kombrabail G. Krishnamoorthy Amitabha Chattopadhyay 《Journal of fluorescence》2010,20(1):407-413
Due to the inherent difficulty in crystallizing membrane proteins, approaches based on fluorescence spectroscopy have proved
useful in elucidating their conformational characteristics. The ion channel peptide gramicidin serves as an excellent prototype
for monitoring membrane protein conformation and dynamics due to a number of reasons. We have analyzed conformational heterogeneity
in membrane-bound gramicidin using fluorescence lifetime distribution analysis of tryptophan residues by the maximum entropy
method (MEM). MEM represents a model-free and robust approach for analyzing fluorescence lifetime distribution. In this paper,
we show for the first time, that fluorescence lifetime distribution analysis using MEM could be a convenient approach to monitor
conformational heterogeneity in membrane-bound gramicidin in particular and membrane proteins in general. Lifetime distribution
analysis by MEM therefore provides a novel window to monitor conformational transitions in membrane proteins. 相似文献
57.
Bruch’s membrane is a layer composed of collagen fibers located just beneath the retina. This study validates a strategy used
to map the morphological and adhesion characteristics of collagen fibers in Bruch’s membrane. Atomic force microscopy tips
were functionalized with different chemical groups and used to map the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions on the surface
of the eye tissue. The largest adhesion forces were observed when tips functionalized with NH2 groups were used. The trend in the adhesion forces was rationalized based on the distribution of different functional groups
in the triple-helical structure of the collagen fibers. The results of this study can be used to design more effective strategies
to treat eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. 相似文献
58.
The Euler equations with two controls are discretized by using the bilinear transformation method. The discrete equations are explicit and exhibit a sufficient number of conserved quantities for integrability. The explicit solution to the discrete controlled Euler top are deduced in terms of elliptic functions. 相似文献
59.
This paper analyses the effects of investment in information technologies (IT) in the banking sector using bank-level data from a panel of 68 US banks over the period 1986–2005. Although IT can improve bank's performance by reducing operational cost (supply side), it can bring in competition among banks in order to embrace new technology (demand side). Since most empirical studies have adopted the production function approach, it is difficult to identify which effect has dominated. In a differentiated model with network effects, this paper characterizes the conditions to identify these two effects. The results suggest that (at individual firm levels) the bank profits can decline due to adoption and diffusion of IT investment, reflecting negative network competition effects in this industry. Using panel cointegration tests, we confirm that the estimated profit equation is indeed a long-run equilibrium relation. 相似文献
60.
The essence of bake hardening is to exploit the classical strain ageing in a positive way to increase the strength of the formed steel sheets used in outer body panel of a passenger car during the paint-baking operation. A new model that takes into account the strengthening contributions from Cottrell atmosphere and precipitate formation has been developed in the present work. The model predicts the increase in strength as a function of the amount of free solute C (calculated as a function of the annealing temperature), the amount of deformation, ageing temperature and time. The model predictions have been found to agree quite well with the experimental results; the individual contributions of Cottrell atmosphere and precipitation strengthening have been quantified. 相似文献