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151.
Seyeon Oh Chang Hu Choi Bae-Jin Lee Joung-Hyun Park Kuk-Hui Son Kyunghee Byun 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(23)
It is well known that oxidative stress induces muscle atrophy, which decreases with the activation of Nrf2/HO-1. Fermented oyster extracts (FO), rich in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lactate, have shown antioxidative effects. We evaluated whether FO decreased oxidative stress by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 and whether it decreased NF-κB, leading to decreased IL-6 and TNF-α. Decreased oxidative stress led to the downregulation of Cbl-b ubiquitin ligase, which increased IGF-1 and decreased FoxO3, atrogin1, and Murf1, and eventually decreased muscle atrophy in dexamethasone (Dexa)-induced muscle atrophy animal model. For four weeks, mice were orally administered with FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate, and then Dexa was subcutaneously injected for ten days. During Dexa injection period, FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate were also administered, and grip strength test and muscle harvesting were performed on the day of the last Dexa injection. We compared the attenuation effect of FO with GABA, lactate, and GABA+lactate treatment. Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; SOD activity and glutathione levels were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; NADPH oxidase activity was increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α activities were increased by Dexa were decreased by FO; Cbl-b expression was increased by Dexa but restored by FO; IGF-1 expression was decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; FoxO3, Atrogin-1, and MuRF1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO. The gastrocnemius thickness and weight were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. The cross-sectional area of muscle fiber and grip strength were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. In conclusion, FO decreased Dexa-induced oxidative stress through the upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1. Decreased oxidative stress led to decreased Cbl-b, FoxO3, atrogin1, and MuRF1, which attenuated muscle atrophy. 相似文献
152.
Meccanica - In this paper, the isogeometric cable elements based on B-spline curves are developed for the static analysis of cable structures under conservative static loads. For this, the... 相似文献
153.
We report the direct observation of 1D and 2D nanostructures of cobalt dipyrromethene trimer complexes adsorbed on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). STM images showed two types of ordered structures coexisting on the surface: long 1D molecular chains isolated on the terraces, and 2D hexagonal patterns confined by a 1D chain and/or a graphite step edge. These 1D and 2D structures are attributed to ‘edge-on’ and ‘face-on’ complex alignments on the surface, respectively. In both configurations, substrate-mediated molecule-molecule interactions may play a significant role in stabilizing the nanostructures. 相似文献
154.
Colloidal cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were formed by using a colloid-thermal synthesis process. X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, high-resolution TEM images, and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry profiles showed that the colloidal CuO nanoparticles were formed. The optical band-gap energy of CuO nanoparticles at 300 K, as determined from the absorbance spectrum, was 3.63 eV. A photoluminescence spectrum at 300 K showed that a dominant emission peak appeared at the blue region. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy profiles showed that the O 1s and the Cu 2p peaks corresponding to the CuO nanoparticles were observed. 相似文献
155.
The 3D bioplotter, which is one of the rapid-prototyping systems, enables us to produce the design-based scaffolds which could
control good mechanical properties and pore structures for mimicking human organs. Although the plotting system has several
advantages to fabricate a variety of designed scaffolds, the main disadvantage of scaffolds fabricated by the system is that
the strand surfaces are too smooth and tend to discourage initial cell attachment within the scaffolds. To overcome the problem,
we suggest a new 3D plotting method supplemented by piezoelectric vibration system for fabricating scaffolds that have hierarchical
surface structures, which increase the surface roughness of the scaffold without any additional chemical process. The surface-modified
3D scaffold exhibited various positive qualities including enhanced compressive modulus and improved initial cell attachment
and proliferation. Cell culturing results demonstrated that the interactions between chondrocytes and the scaffold were much
more favorable than those between the cells and conventionally plotted 3D scaffolds. This process provides a feasible new
technique for fabricating high-quality 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. 相似文献
156.
P. Carlsson N.T. Son F. C. Beyer H. Pedersen J. Isoya N. Morishita T. Ohshima E. Janzén 《固体物理学:研究快报》2009,3(4):121-123
Deep levels introduced by low‐energy (200 keV) electron irradiation in n‐type 4H‐SiC epitaxial layers grown by chemical vapour deposition were studied by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and photoexcitation electron paramagnetic resonance (photo‐EPR). After irradiation, several DLTS levels, EH1, EH3, Z1/2, EH5 and EH6/7, often reported in irradiated 4H‐SiC, were observed. In irradiated freestanding films from the same wafer, the EPR signals of the carbon vacancy in the positive and negative charge states, VC+ and VC‐, respectively, can be observed simultaneously under illumination with light of certain photon energies. Comparing the ionization energies obtained from DLTS and photo‐EPR, we suggest that the EH6/7 (at ~EC – 1.6 eV) and EH5 (at ~EC – 1.0 eV) electron traps may be related to the single donor (+ | 0) and the double acceptor (1– | 2–) level of VC, respectively. Judging from the relative intensity of the DLTS signals, the EH6/7 level may also be contributed to by other unidentified defects. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
157.
Vladimir A. Andreev Margarita A. Man’ko Vladimir I. Man’ko Nguyen Cong Thanh Nguyen Hung Son Stanislav D. Zakharov 《Journal of Russian Laser Research》2009,30(6):591-598
Tomographic probability representation is introduced for fermion fields. The states of the fermions are mapped onto the probability
distribution of discrete random variables (spin projections). The operators acting on the fermion states are described by
fermionic tomographic symbols. The product of the operators acting on the fermion states is mapped onto the star-product of
the fermionic symbols. The kernel of the star-product is obtained. The antisymmetry of the fermion states is formulated as
a specific symmetry property of the tomographic joint probability distribution associated with the states. 相似文献
158.
G.M. Dutro R.A. Yetter G.A. Risha S.F. Son 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2009,32(2):1921-1928
The effect of stoichiometry on the combustion behavior of the nanoscale aluminum molybdenum trioxide (nAl/MoO3) thermite was studied in a burn tube experiment by characterizing the propagation velocity and pressure output of the reaction. Changing the stoichiometry affects the combustion through changes in the product temperature, phase, and composition. The mixture ratios of the composites were varied over an extremely wide range (5% nAl (95% MoO3)–90% nAl (10% MoO3)). Results revealed three separate combustion regimes: a steady high speed propagation (100 to 1000 m/s) from approximately 10% to 65% nAl, an oscillating and accelerating wave near 70% nAl, and a steady-slow speed propagation (0.1–1 m/s) from approximately 75% to 85% nAl. Propagation was observed to fail both <10% nAl and >85% nAl. This is the first known observation of such limits for a nanoscale thermite in a tube geometry. The instrumented tube tests revealed peak pressures over 8 MPa near stoichiometric conditions in the steady high speed propagation region, no measurable pressure rise at low speed propagation, and building pressures for accelerating waves. The results suggest the propagation mode to be a supersonic convective wave for near stoichiometric mixtures and a conductive deflagration for extremely fuel-rich mixtures. The implications of these results for microscale combustion applications are discussed. 相似文献
159.
Hee-Je Kim Myung-Sik Lee Dong-Gil Lee Min-Kyu Son Kyoung-Jun Lee 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2009,47(5):558-562
In material processing, a laser system with optimal laser parameters has been considered to be significant. Especially, the laser ablation technology is thought to be very important for fabricating a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) module with good quality. Moreover, the TEM00 mode laser beam is the most dominant factor to decide the incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) characteristics. In order to get the TEM00 mode, a pin-hole is inserted within a simple pulsed Nd:YAG laser resonator. And the spatial field distribution is measured by using three pin-hole diameters of 1.6, 2.0 and 4.0 mm, respectively. At that moment, each case has the same laser beam energy by adjusting the discharge voltage and pulse per second (pps). From those results, it is known that the pin-hole size of 1.6 mm has the perfect TEM00 mode. In addition, at the charging voltage of 1000 V, 10 pps, the feeding speed of 6.08 mm/s and the overlapping rate (OL) of 62%, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin film layers shows the best ablation trace. 相似文献
160.
Let n ≥ 2 be an integer. In this paper, we investigate the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability problem for the following functional equation f(n-1∑j=1 xj+2xn)+f(n-1∑j=1 xj-2xn)+8 n-1∑j=1f(xj)=2f(n-1∑j=1 xj) +4 n-1∑j=1[f(xj+xn)+f(xj-xn)] which contains as solutions cubic, quadratic or additive mappings. 相似文献