Synthesis of Novel Modified Guanidines: Reaction of Dicyandiamide with Amino Acids,Amides, and Amines in Aqueous Medium

Reaction of dicyandiamide with series of amino acids afforded guanidinyl pyrazolones 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , respectively. Although reaction of dicyandiamide with urea, acetamide, bezamide, allantion, p‐aminobenzoic acid, sulphanilic acid, and adenine gave biguanides 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , respectively. All compounds have been characterized on the basis of IR and ¹H‐NMR.     

Synthesis of Some Novel Imidazopyrazole and Pyrazolopyrimidine Derivatives

5‐Amino‐3‐anilino‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbonitrile 1 was alkylated with various halo reagents under phase transfer conditions to give the corresponding imidazopyrazole derivatives 2a , 2b , 2c , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 . Pyrazolo[1,5‐a] pyrimidine derivatives 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 were prepared by treating compound 1 with different dicarbonyl reagents, namely, diethymalonate, ethyl 3‐oxo‐3‐phenylpropanoate, pentane‐2,4‐dione or ethyl 3‐oxobutanoate.     

Enantiomeric Thin-Layer Chromatographic Assay of Escitalopram in Presence of “In-Process Impurities”

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A simple, rapid and precise thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method for analysis of escitalopram oxalate (ESC-OX) (S-enantiomer) in...     

Optimization of control setting and size of shunt capacitors on distribution feeders

Loads on electric utility systems have two components: active power (measured in kilowatts) and reactive power (measured in kilovars). Active power has to be generated at the power plant, whereas reactive power can be provided by either power plants or capacitors. It is a well-known fact that shunt power capacitors are the most economical source to meet the reactive power requirements of inductive loads and transmission lines operating at a lagging power factor.This paper describes new contributions to the problem of optimization of size and control setting of shunt capacitors on distribution feeders, so that the losses along the feeder are minimized. The variation of the KVAR of the load on the feeder with the distance from the substation is assumed to be linear. The parameters of this function are estimated from the available KVAR loading on the feeder first by using least-square techniques and then by using least-absolute-value parameter estimation techniques. The results obtained are compared with that obtained if the current profile is assumed to be uniformly distributed on the feeder. Our results show that the optimum size of the capacitor bank as well as its optimum location depend on the parameters of the model used for the load. Also, our results show a large saving in the size of the capacitor banks used with a considerable per-unit-loss reduction along the feeder.This work was supported by the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Grant No. A4146. The first author acknowledges the help received from Engineer Samy Soliman for reviewing all the mathematical expressions in this paper.     

Asymptotic stability and instability of the solutions of systems with impulse action

In this paper, we study the stability of the zero solution of a system of ordinary differential equations subject to impulse action. Using the method of Lyapunov functions, we obtain tests for asymptotic stability or instability of the system. Illustrative examples are given.     

Cross-sections for deuteron photo-disintegration from 139 to 832 MeV

The cross-sections for deuteron photo-disintegration have been measured at nine c.m. angles from 37 to 143 degrees. The minimum and maximum photon energies have been 139 and 832 MeV respectively. The results are in agreement with earlier data above 300 MeV, but are significantly larger below 200 MeV, the discrepancies being up to 50% at the lowest energies measured.     

Spectral and thermal study of the ternary complexes of nickel with sulfasalazine and some amino acids

The ternary complexes of Ni(II) with sulfasalazine (H(3)SS) as a primary ligand and alanine (ala), aspartic acid (asp), histidene (hist), methionine (meth) and serine (ser) amino acids as secondary ligands have been synthesized. Characterization of the complexes was based on elemental analyses, IR, UV-vis, mass spectra, magnetic moment and thermal analysis (TG). The isolated complexes were found to have the general formula [M(HSS)(AA)]4H(2)O (AA=ala, asp, hist, meth, or ser amino acid) where nickel is tetra-coordinated. The thermal stability of the complexes was studied and the weight losses for the decomposition of the complexes were calculated and correlated with the mass fragmentation pattern. In most cases, the amino acid moiety is removed along with the Schiff base moiety leaving NiO as a metallic residue. The metallic residue was confirmed by powder XRD measurements.