A new methodology for crisp equivalent of fuzzy chance constrained programming problem

This paper deals with a chance constrained programming model, where both fuzziness and randomness are present in the objective function and constraints. The concept of fuzzy random variable, mean and variance of fuzzy random variable, minimum of fuzzy numbers are used in the model. The methodology is verified through a numerical example.     

Valid inequalities based on simple mixed-integer sets

In this paper we use facets of simple mixed-integer sets with three variables to derive a parametric family of valid inequalities for general mixed-integer sets. We call these inequalities two-step MIR inequalities as they can be derived by applying the simple mixed-integer rounding (MIR) principle of Wolsey (1998) twice. The two-step MIR inequalities define facets of the master cyclic group polyhedron of Gomory (1969). In addition, they dominate the strong fractional cuts of Letchford and Lodi (2002).     

Effect of electron-withdrawing groups on photovoltaic performance of thiophene-vinyl-thiophene derivative and benzochalcogenadiazole based copolymers: A computational study

We report a density functional theory study of the effect of electron-withdrawing groups such as –F, –CN, –NO₂ on the geometrical, optoelectronic, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and photovoltaic properties of (E)-1,2-bis(5-alkyl-[2,3′-bithiophene]-2′-yl)ethene (TVT-T) based donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers with different acceptor units, that is, benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole, benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazole, and benzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole. The computed optical absorption spectra of the designed compounds lie in the visible and near-infrared regions. Of all the studied copolymers, -CN substituted and Se-based compound displays the lowest HOMO-LUMO (E _{H - L}) gap and optical band gap (E _opt). The exciton binding energy (E _b) is found to be smaller for O-incorporated compounds and -CN substituted copolymer as well, inferring more ICT. The electron-hole coherence concentrated over the D-A units is nearly the same for -CN and -NO₂ substituted compounds, but larger in -F derivatives, indicating weak electron-hole coupling in the formers. Comparatively larger dipole moment (6.421 Debye-9.829 Debye) and charge transfer length (D _CT) (1.976 Å-3.122 Å) for -CN derivatives lead to enhanced ICT properties. The designed donors yield good hole mobilities (0.127-6.61 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹) and the predicted power conversion efficiencies are calculated to be as high as ~6%-7% for –CN and –NO₂ substituted compounds.     

Study of thermodynamic properties of SrThF6(s) in SrF2-ThF4 system using solid state electrochemical cell method

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The fission product strontium (Sr), after generation in the reactor due to fission of 233U, might exist as SrF2 in the molten fluoride medium of molten...     

Quality control of 125I-brachytherapy seeds

An indigenous technology for the production of ¹²⁵I brachytherapy sources has been developed for the management of intraocular cancer. This indigenous method of producing ¹²⁵I seeds represents a new paradigm, and a thorough quality evaluation of the seeds in accordance with Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) of India was carried to ensure their safety during therapy. In this current work, we describe an overview of our experience, the efforts made in establishing enviable quality analysis of ¹²⁵I seeds to ensure their safety in episcleral plaque brachytherapy.     

Aspects of yield and specific activity of (n,γ) produced 177Lu used in targeted radionuclide therapy

¹⁷⁷Lu-labeled receptor avid peptides and monoclonal antibodies have been effectively used in targeted tumor therapy, owing to the ideally suited decay properties and favourable production logistics of ¹⁷⁷Lu [T_½ = 6.65 days; E_β(max) = 497 keV (78.6 %); E_γ = 208 keV (11.0 %)]. The specific activity of ¹⁷⁷Lu produced by the (n,γ) route is one of the important criteria, which determines the efficacy of ¹⁷⁷Lu-labeled receptor-avid biomolecules. The present article highlights that the specific activity of (n,γ) produced ¹⁷⁷Lu cannot be calculated by simply dividing the produced activity by the mass of the target irradiated, unlike other (n,γ) produced medical radioisotopes and there is a significant enhancement of specific activity due to the burn up of the Lu target during irradiation, which is an added advantage towards the utilization of ¹⁷⁷Lu in receptor specific therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.     

Thermodynamics of BaNd2Fe2O7(s) and BaNdFeO4(s) in the system BaNdFeO

Two compounds, BaNd₂Fe₂O₇(s) and BaNdFeO₄(s) in the quaternary system BaNdFeO were prepared by citrate-nitrate gel combustion route and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. Heat capacities of these two oxides were measured in two different temperature ranges: (i) 130-325 K and (ii) 310-845 K, using a heat flux type differential scanning calorimeter. Two different types of solid-state electrochemical cells with CaF₂(s) as the solid electrolyte were employed to measure the e.m.f. as a function of temperature. The standard molar Gibbs energies of formation of these quaternary oxides were calculated as a function of temperature from the e.m.f. data. The standard molar enthalpies of formation from elements at 298.15 K, ΔfHm° (298.15 K) and the standard entropies, Sm° (298.15 K) of these oxides were calculated by the second law method. The values of ΔfHm° (298.15 K) and Sm° (298.15 K) obtained for BaNd₂Fe₂O₇(s) are: −2756.9 kJ mol⁻¹ and 234.0 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ whereas those for BaNdFeO₄(s) are: −2061.5 kJ mol⁻¹ and 91.6 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹, respectively.     

A new and convenient synthesis of antazoline derivatives

Different N‐benzyl anilines were N‐alkylated with chloroacetonitrile to give the corresponding nitriles, which were subsequently condensed with ethylenediamine in the presence of thioacetamide to afford the corresponding title antazoline derivatives.     

Observation of B+ --> Lambda c+ Lambda c- K+ and B0 --> Lambda c+ Lambda c- K0 decays

We report the first measurements of the doubly charmed baryonic B decays B --> Lambda c+ Lambda c- K. The B+ --> Lambda c+ Lambda c- K+ decay is observed with a branching fraction of (6.5(-0.9)(+1.0)+/-1.1+/-3.4)x10(-4) and a statistical significance of 15.4sigma. The B0 --> Lambda c+ Lambda c- K0 decay is observed with a branching fraction of (7.9(-2.3)(+2.9)+/-1.2+/-4.1)x10(-4) and a statistical significance of 6.6sigma. The branching fraction errors are statistical, systematic, and the error resulting from the uncertainty of the Lambda c+ --> pK- pi+ decay branching fraction. The analysis is based on 357 fb(-1) of data accumulated at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider.