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931.
Lee SE Chess EK Rabinow B Ray GJ Szabo CM Melnick B Miller RL Nair LM Moore EG 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2011,399(2):651-662
This article addresses the identification and quantification of the chemical species resulting in resonances at 2.17 and 2.25 ppm
in the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of pharmaceutical-grade heparin sodium. The NMR signals in question were first
confirmed to arise from chemical moieties covalently attached to the heparin molecule through NMR diffusion experiments as
well as chemical treatment of heparin active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) containing the resonances. The material responsible
for the extra NMR signals was then demonstrated by NMR spiking studies to be something other than oversulfated chondroitin
sulfate and was finally identified as an O-acetylation product of heparin through 13C labeling experiments with subsequent NMR analysis. The extent of O-acetylation was quantified using three orthogonal techniques: 1H NMR, ion chromatography, and headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results of this work showed good agreement
between the three quantitative methods developed to analyze the signals in the United States Pharmacopeia-specified region
of 2.12–3.00 ppm for heparin API. 相似文献
932.
Computational methods have been used in the past to generate large libraries of hypothetical zeolite structures, but to date analysis of these structures has typically been limited to relatively simple physical properties such as density. We use efficient methods to analyze the adsorption and diffusion properties of simple adsorbate molecules in a library of >250,000 hypothetical silica zeolites that was generated previously by Deem and co-workers (J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113, 21353). The properties of this library of materials are compared to the complete set of ~190 zeolites that have been identified experimentally. Our calculations provide information on the largest cavities available in each material for adsorption, and the size of the largest molecules that can diffuse through each material. For a subset of ~8000 materials, we computed the Henry's constant and diffusion activation energy for adsorbed CH(4) and H(2). We show that these calculations provide a useful screening tool for considering large collections of nanocrystalline materials and choosing materials with particular promise for more detailed modeling. 相似文献
933.
Bacteria have evolved pathways to metabolize phosphonates as a nutrient source for phosphorus. In Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021, 2-aminoethylphosphonate is catabolized to phosphonoacetate, which is converted to acetate and inorganic phosphate by phosphonoacetate hydrolase (PhnA). Here we present detailed biochemical and structural characterization of PhnA that provides insights into the mechanism of C-P bond cleavage. The 1.35?? resolution crystal structure reveals a catalytic core similar to those of alkaline phosphatases and nucleotide pyrophosphatases but with notable differences, such as a longer metal-metal distance. Detailed structure-guided analysis of active site residues and four additional cocrystal structures with phosphonoacetate substrate, acetate, phosphonoformate inhibitor, and a covalently bound transition state mimic provide insight into active site features that may facilitate cleavage of the C-P bond. These studies expand upon the array of reactions that can be catalyzed by enzymes of the alkaline phosphatase superfamily. 相似文献
934.
Thanjam S Philips MF Komathi S Manisankar P Sivakumar C Gopalan A Lee KP 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2011,79(5):1256-1266
Kinetics of chemical oxidative polymerization of 4-aminodiphenylamine (4ADPA) was followed in aqueous 1 M p-toluene sulfonic acid (p-TSA) using silver nitrate (AgNO3) as an oxidant by UV-vis spectroscopy. The medium was found to be clear and homogeneous during the course of polymerization. The absorbances corresponding to the intermediate and the polymer were followed for different concentrations of 4ADPA and AgNO3 and at different reaction time. The appearance of a band around 450 nm during the initial stages of polymerization corresponds to the plasmon resonance formed by the reduction of Ag+ ions. Rate of poly(4-aminodiphenylamine)/Ag nanocomposite (RP4ADPA/AgNC) was determined for various reaction conditions. R(P4ADP/AgNC) showed second order power dependence on 4ADPA and first order dependence on AgNO3. The observed order dependences of 4ADPA and AgNO3 on the formation of P4ADPA/AgNC were used to deduce a rate equation for the reaction. Rate constant for the reaction was determined through different approaches. The good agreement between the rate constants obtained through different approaches justifies the selection of rate equation. 相似文献
935.
John Benedict C. Tajan Appa Iyer Sivakumar Stanley B. Gershwin 《Annals of Operations Research》2011,191(1):193-218
We consider a two-stage manufacturing system composed of a batch processor and its upstream processor. Jobs exit the upstream
processor and join a queue in front of the batch processor, where they wait to be processed. The batch processor has a finite
capacity Q, and its processing time is independent of the number of jobs loaded into the batch processor. In certain manufacturing systems
(including semiconductor wafer fabrication), a processing time window exists from the time instance the job exits the upstream
processor till the time instance it enters the batch processor. If a job is not processed before reaching the end of its processing
time window, job rework or validation is required. We model this drawback by assigning a reward R for each successfully processed job by the upstream processor, and a penalty C for each job that reaches the end of its processing time window without being processed by the batch processor. We initially
assume an infinite job source in front of the serial processor and also assume that the batch processor is operated under
a threshold policy. We provide a method for controlling the production of the serial processor, considering the processing
time window between the upstream processor and the downstream batch processor. We then show how the serial processor control
policy can be modified when the serial processor also experiences intermittent job arrival. 相似文献
936.
P. Balamurugan R. Jagan K. Sivakumar 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2010,66(3):o109-o113
The title compounds, 2‐chloroanilinium dihydrogen phosphate (2CADHP) and 4‐chloroanilinium dihydrogen phosphate (4CADHP), both C6H7NCl+·H2PO4−, form two‐dimensional supramolecular organic–inorganic hybrid frameworks. In 2CADHP, the dihydrogen phosphate anions form a double‐stranded anionic chain generated parallel to the [010] direction through O—H...O hydrogen bonds, whereas in 4CADHP they form a two‐dimensional supramolecular net extending parallel to the crystallographic (001) plane into which the cations are linked through strong N—H...O hydrogen bonds. 相似文献
937.
Dibakar Mullick Prakash Anjanappa Kumaravel Selvakumar Kandasamy Ruckmani Manickam Sivakumar 《Tetrahedron letters》2010,51(46):5984-5987
Carbamic acid 2-trimethylsilylethyl ester (Teoc-NH2) serves as an ammonia equivalent in the palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl bromides and aryl chlorides. Anilines with sensitive functional groups can be readily prepared using these amine derivatives. 相似文献
938.
Madathumpady Abubaker Habeeb Muhammed Pramod Kumar Verma Samir Kumar Pal Prof. Archana Retnakumari Manzoor Koyakutty Prof. Shantikumar Nair Prof. Thalappil Pradeep Prof. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(33):10103-10112
The synthesis of a luminescent quantum cluster (QC) of gold with a quantum yield of ~4 % is reported. It was synthesized in gram quantities by the core etching of mercaptosuccinic acid protected gold nanoparticles by bovine serum albumin (BSA), abbreviated as AuQC@BSA. The cluster was characterized and a core of Au38 was assigned tentatively from mass spectrometric analysis. Luminescence of the QC is exploited as a “turn‐off” sensor for Cu2+ ions and a “turn‐on” sensor for glutathione detection. Metal‐enhanced luminescence (MEL) of this QC in the presence of silver nanoparticles is demonstrated and a ninefold maximum enhancement is seen. This is the first report of the observation of MEL from QCs. Folic acid conjugated AuQC@BSA was found to be internalized to a significant extent by oral carcinoma KB cells through folic acid mediated endocytosis. The inherent luminescence of the internalized AuQC@BSA was used in cell imaging. 相似文献
939.
Guanghui Zhu Christopher D. Hoffman Yang Liu Souryadeep Bhattacharyya Dr. Uma Tumuluri Melinda L. Jue Dr. Zili Wu Dr. David S. Sholl Dr. Sankar Nair Dr. Christopher W. Jones Dr. Ryan P. Lively 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(31):10743-10747
Both known and new CC3‐based porous organic cages are prepared and exposed to acidic SO2 in vapor and liquid conditions. Distinct differences in the stability of the CC3 cages exist depending on the chirality of the diamine linkers used. The acid catalyzed CC3 degradation mechanism is probed via in situ IR and a degradation pathway is proposed and supported with computational results. CC3 crystals synthesized with racemic mixtures of diaminocyclohexane exhibited enhanced stability compared to CC3‐R and CC3‐S. Confocal fluorescent microscope images reveal that the stability difference in CC3 species originates from an abundance of mesoporous grain boundaries in CC3‐R and CC3‐S, allowing facile access of aqueous SO2 throughout the crystal, promoting decomposition. These grain boundaries are absent from CC3 crystals made with racemic linkers. 相似文献
940.
An efficient synthesis of a novel bis-gluco-22-crown-6 derivative 1 from allyl-α-D-glucopyranoside is described 相似文献