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921.
Vinícius Albano Araújo S?nia Nair Báo Jane Moreira Clóvis Andrade Neves José Lino-Neto 《Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)》2010,41(4):306-311
The Hemiptera order is currently divided into four suborders. Among them the Auchenorrhyncha suborder is considered to be paraphyletic. Morphology of insect spermatozoa has provided promising characteristics that can be used for phylogenetic inference. In this study, Aethalion reticulatum (Aethalionidae) spermatozoa were examined by light and electron microscopy. The head of the spermatozoa is composed of an acrosome and a nucleus. The nucleus is linear and filled with compact chromatin but has electron-lucid spaces. The centriole adjunct initiates parallel to the nucleus and terminates in the region anterior to the mitochondrial derivatives. Flagella consist of an axoneme, two mitochondrial derivatives and two accessory bodies and the axoneme has the typical 9 + 9 + 2 microtubule pattern. The mitochondrial derivatives are symmetric. The accessory bodies are long and are shaped like a half moon when viewed from a cross-section. The presence of accessory bodies differs from other species of Cicadomorpha previously studied. Spermatozoa morphology of other Auchenorrhyncha families can reveal synapomorphies and contribute to systematics of the suborder. 相似文献
922.
Nair V Deepthi A Poonoth M Santhamma B Vellalath S Babu BP Mohan R Suresh E 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2006,71(6):2313-2319
The zwitterion formed by the reaction of dimethoxycarbene and DMAD adds efficiently to one of the carbonyl groups of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds and anhydrides to generate dihydrofurans and spirodihydrofurans in good yields. In many cases, the carbene inserts into the C-C bond of the dione to yield masked vicinal tricarbonyl systems. 相似文献
923.
924.
P.G. Sankaran N. Unnikrishnan Nair E.P. Sreedevi 《Statistics & probability letters》2010,80(9-10):886-891
In the present note, we develop a nonparametric testing procedure for testing equality of cumulative incidence functions of competing risks models using quantile functions. Asymptotic properties of the test statistic are discussed. Simulation studies and real data examples illustrate the practical utility of the procedure. 相似文献
925.
McNulty J Nair JJ Cheekoori S Larichev V Capretta A Robertson AJ 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2006,12(36):9314-9322
A survey of substitution reactions conducted in a phosphonium bistriflimide ionic liquid is presented. The results demonstrate high selectivity favoring substitution over typically competitive elimination and solvolytic processes even when challenging secondary and tertiary electrophiles are employed. The first reports of Kornblum substitution reactions in an ionic liquid are described that proceed with very high chemoselectivity in favor of nitro over nitroso products and elimination side products. The structure-reactivity study indicates that these reactions proceed through a narrow spectrum of pathways ranging from straight S(N)2 to a preassociation pathway along a saddle point that approaches the S(N)1 limit. The barrier to the formation of dissociated carbocations is attributed to the structural features of this ionic liquid that favor intervention of the associated nucleophile over dissociation, also preventing cross over to E1 processes. The lack of any basic entity in the phosphonium bistriflimide ionic liquid appears to prevent any potential base-mediated elimination reactions, which makes this a highly selective medium for use in general substitution reactions. 相似文献
926.
Nair V Poonoth M Vellalath S Suresh E Thirumalai R 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2006,71(23):8964-8965
A novel protocol for the annulation of tropone to enals involving nucleophilic heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed homoenolate formation has been developed. Interestingly, the reaction led to bicyclic delta-lactones instead of the expected gamma-spirolactones, presumably by the uncommon [8 + 3] annulation pathway. The strategy works well with a variety of enals. 相似文献
927.
S. H. Kulkarni M. T. Nair M. N. N. Namboodiri 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2006,134(1):229-234
We give an elementary proof of a result which characterizes onto *-isomorphisms of the algebra of all the bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space . A known proof of this result (Arveson, 1976) relies on the theory of irreducible representations of -algebras, whereas the proof given by us is based on elementary properties of operators on a Hilbert space which can be found in any introductory text on Functional Analysis.
928.
Molecular dynamics (MD) calculations were performed to determine the vibrational contribution to the entropy of mixing and its importance for the mixing of ZnO/ZnS and ZnS/Zn3P2. These systems were modeled by cyclic clusters Zn48O48, Zn32S32, and Zn48P32. The mixed cyclic clusters considered were Zn48O47S, Zn32S31O, Zn33S30P2, and Zn47S2P30. For each of the clusters, the entropy was calculated in the range of the experimental temperature of the mixing process. The convergence of the entropy with respect to the number of MD steps was studied. Finally, the thermal part of the entropy of mixing was determined, and its dependence on the number of MD steps was investigated. It was found that the thermal entropy is important for the Gibbs free energy of mixing near the miscibility gaps. 相似文献
929.
Guanghui Zhu Christopher D. Hoffman Yang Liu Souryadeep Bhattacharyya Dr. Uma Tumuluri Melinda L. Jue Dr. Zili Wu Dr. David S. Sholl Dr. Sankar Nair Dr. Christopher W. Jones Dr. Ryan P. Lively 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(31):10743-10747
Both known and new CC3‐based porous organic cages are prepared and exposed to acidic SO2 in vapor and liquid conditions. Distinct differences in the stability of the CC3 cages exist depending on the chirality of the diamine linkers used. The acid catalyzed CC3 degradation mechanism is probed via in situ IR and a degradation pathway is proposed and supported with computational results. CC3 crystals synthesized with racemic mixtures of diaminocyclohexane exhibited enhanced stability compared to CC3‐R and CC3‐S. Confocal fluorescent microscope images reveal that the stability difference in CC3 species originates from an abundance of mesoporous grain boundaries in CC3‐R and CC3‐S, allowing facile access of aqueous SO2 throughout the crystal, promoting decomposition. These grain boundaries are absent from CC3 crystals made with racemic linkers. 相似文献
930.
An efficient synthesis of a novel bis-gluco-22-crown-6 derivative 1 from allyl-α-D-glucopyranoside is described 相似文献