超声辅助提取-液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定油料作物中6种新型乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂类除草剂残留

将超声辅助提取与液相色谱-质谱联用技术相结合,建立了油料作物中6种新型乙酰乳酸合成酶（ALS）抑制剂类除草剂（甲基二磺隆、氯吡嘧磺、双草醚、嘧草醚、嘧苯胺磺隆和乙氧嘧磺隆）的痕量多残留检测技术。比较了超声辅助提取和QuEChERS提取2种方法对6种除草剂的提取回收率,并根据净化效果和吸附作用对十八烷基键合硅胶吸附剂（C18）、乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷（PSA）、石墨化炭黑（GCB）、弗罗里硅土（Florisil）和增强型基质去除吸附剂（EMR）5种吸附材料进行优化。结果表明,超声辅助提取可使6种化合物的提取回收率在90.0%以上,EMR对6种化合物的吸附作用较小,且可有效去除油脂干扰,减小基质效应。6种除草剂在0.05~500.0 μg/L范围内具有良好的线性,相关系数均大于0.9984。该方法检出限和定量限分别为0.08~0.8 μg/kg和0.25~2.5 μg/kg。6种化合物在油菜籽、大豆、花生米和葵花籽4种基质中3个加标水平下的加标回收率为70.7%~103.8%,相对标准偏差为0.8%~9.2%,可应用于油料作物中6种ALS抑制剂类除草剂的同时测定。     

Ag/Ag3PO4/g-C3N4三元复合光催化剂的制备及其可见光驱动下的光催化活性增强

报道了一种新型Ag/Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄三元复合光催化剂的制备及其半导体界面处的快速载流子分离所引起的光催化活性的显著增强效应。通过X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜,紫外-可见吸收光谱以及光致发光光谱等就其晶体结构、形貌、组分、光学吸收以及载流子的快速分离行为进行了表征与分析。以罗丹明B作为模型化合物分子,研究发现,所制备的Ag/Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄三元复合光催化剂在可见光照射下表现出比Ag₃PO₄以及Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄二元催化剂更为优异的光催化活性。研究认为,Ag₃PO₄表面尺寸约为40 nm的Ag纳米粒子在可见光下受激所产生的等离子表面共振效应以及Ag₃PO₄与g-C₃N₄界面处所形成的类似异质结结构对所制备的Ag/Ag₃PO₄/g-C₃N₄三元复合光催化剂光催化活性的显著增强起到重要作用。     

Hearing pseudoconvexity with the Kohn Laplacian

A bounded domain in with connected Lipschitz boundary is pseudoconvex if the bottom of the essential spectrum of the Kohn Laplacian on the space of (0,q)-forms, 1qn–1, with L²-coefficients is positive.The author was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0070697 and by an AMS centennial fellowship.Revised version: 9 July 2004     

Highly Efficient Photoreduction of Low-Concentration CO2 to Syngas by Using a Polyoxometalates/RuII Composite

At present, the fixation of CO₂ always requires it to be extracted from the atmosphere first, which leads to more energy consumption. Thus, direct photoreduction of low-concentration CO₂ to useful chemicals (e.g., syngas) under sunlight is significant from an energy-saving and environmentally friendly perspective. Here, the design and fabrication of a [Ru(bpy)₃]/[Co₂₀Mo₁₆P₂₄] composite is demonstrated for visible-light-driven syngas production from diluted CO₂ (3–20 %) gas with a high yield of approximately 1000 TONs (turnover number of syngas). This activity is an order of magnitude higher than the reported system with [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺ participation. With evidence from ultrafast transient absorption, GC-MS, ¹H NMR spectroscopy and in situ transient photovoltage tests, a clear and fundamental understanding of the highly efficient photoreduction of CO₂ by the [Ru(bpy)₃]/[Co₂₀Mo₁₆P₂₄] composite is achieved. Making use of the structure and property designable polyoxometalates towards the photo-fixation of CO₂ is a conceptually distinct and commercially interesting strategy for making useful chemicals and environmental protection.     

Transition-Metal-Free α Csp3−H Cyanation of Sulfonamides

This report describes the site-selective α-functionalization of sulfonylamide derivatives through the in-situ generation of imine intermediates. The N−F sulfonylamides, which could facilitate the elimination to generate imines, are coupled with TBACN to efficiently and mildly afford α-amino cyanides. Comparing with Strecker reaction, this transformation offers a complementary strategy to efficiently construct α-amino cyanides from direct α C−H functionalization of sulfonylamindes. The reaction is also characterized by broad substrate scope and flash chromatography column free workup. More importantly, the new two-electron pathway to generate imines through manipulation of the leaving group allows us to achieve excellent α site-selectivity.     

Coupling Infusion and Gyration for the Nanoscale Assembly of Functional Polymer Nanofibers Integrated with Genetically Engineered Proteins

Nanofibers featuring functional nanoassemblies show great promise as enabling constituents for a diverse range of applications in areas such as tissue engineering, sensing, optoelectronics, and nanophotonics due to their controlled organization and architecture. An infusion gyration method is reported that enables the production of nanofibers with inherent biological functions by simply adjusting the flow rate of a polymer solution. Sufficient polymer chain entanglement is obtained at Berry number > 1.6 to make bead‐free fibers integrated with gold nanoparticles and proteins, in the diameter range of 117–216 nm. Integration of gold nanoparticles into the nanofiber assembly is followed using a gold‐binding peptide tag genetically conjugated to red fluorescence protein (DsRed). Fluorescence microscopy analysis corroborated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data confirms the integration of the engineered red fluorescence protein with the nanofibers. The gold nanoparticle decorated nanofibers having red fluorescence protein as an integral part keep their biological functionality including copper‐induced fluorescence quenching of the DsRed protein due to its selective Cu⁺² binding. Thus, coupling the infusion gyration method in this way offers a simple nanoscale assembly approach to integrate a diverse repertoire of protein functionalities into nanofibers to generate biohybrid materials for imaging, sensing, and biomaterial applications.

     

Thermal properties and flame retardancy of an intumescent flame-retarded epoxy system containing phosphaphenanthrene,triazine-trione and piperidine

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - A phosphaphenanthrene/piperidine-containing phenolic derivative (PHTD) was synthesized through the one-pot reaction between triacetonediamine,...     

Emergence of a Radical‐Stabilizing Metal–Organic Framework as a Radio‐photoluminescence Dosimeter

Radio‐photoluminescence (RPL) materials display a distinct radiation‐induced permanent luminescence center, and therefore find application in the detection of ionizing radiation. The current inventory of RPL materials, which were discovered by serendipity, has been limited to a small number of metal‐ion‐doped inorganic materials. Here we document the RPL of a metal–organic framework (MOF) for the first time: X‐ray induced free radicals are accumulated on the organic linker and are subsequently stabilized in the conjugated fragment in the structure, while the metal center acts as the X‐ray attenuator. These radicals afford new emission features in both UV‐excited and X‐ray excited luminescence spectra, making it possible to establish linear relationships between the radiation dose and the normalized intensity of the new emission feature. The MOF‐based RPL materials exhibit advantages in terms of the dose detection range, reusability, emission stability, and energy threshold. Based on a comprehensive electronic structure and energy diagram study, the rational design and a substantial expansion of candidate RPL materials can be anticipated.     

Brain metabolomics study for the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract on Alzheimer's disease by HPLC coupled with Fourier transform‐ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

In order to investigate the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract on Alzheimer's disease, a brain metabolomics study in rats was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Rat model was constructed by bilateral hippocampal injection of amyloid‐β peptide and immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the pharmacological effect of Rhodiola crenulata extract. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to discover potential biomarkers in rat brain and related metabolic pathways analysis was conducted to elucidate the action mechanism of Rhodiola crenulata extract. As a result, a total of 19 metabolites contributing to Alzheimer's disease progress were identified and nine of them were restored to the normal levels after drug administration. Pathway analysis revealed that the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract are related to the regulation of glutathione metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism in rat brain. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the developed metabolomics method is useful to investigate the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract against Alzheimer's disease. These outcomes may further provide reliable evidence to illuminate the intervention mechanism of other traditional Chinese medicines on Alzheimer's disease.