CuO—ZnO／Al2O3—TiO2催化剂中TiO2的结构和电子效应

采用XPS,XRD,TPR,TPD和指标反应等方法研究了TiO_2在负载型CuO-ZnO/Al_2O_3-TiO_2催化剂中所起的作用.发现TiO_2起双重作用,即结构效应和电子效应,TiO_2的结构效应主要表现为它改善了CuO在载体上的分布.TiO_2的电子效应表现为它对Cu~0具有吸电子的作用,从而削弱了Cu和S之间的吸附力,使S容易脱除.另外,部分还原形成的Ti~(3+)具有促进CuS中的Cu~(2+)还原为Cu~0的能力,TiO_2的上述效应的综合结果使催化剂的抗硫中毒性能大大增强.     

Order-disorder effects of small guests in clathrates studied by nuclear quadrupole resonance and crystallography. Part I. Carbon tetrachloride and related molecules in Ni(SCN)2(3-methylpyridine)4

NQR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography have been jointly applied to the study of the small guest molecules CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, CCl₄, CBr₂Cl₂, C(CH₃)2Cl₂ etc. in the Werner host complex Ni(SCN)₂(3-methylpyridine)₄. Specific host-guest dipole-dipole interactions play an important role in order-disorder effects for guest molecules in the cavities of orthorhombic system,Fddd. Thus a weakly polar molecule such as CBr₂Cl₂ exhibits a disordered alternation, both the bromine and the chlorine atoms occupying the two possible sites in theC ₂ cavity, whereas for the polar molecule C(CH₃)₂Cl₂, an ordered structure is observed. In addition, two new types of crystal structures,C2/c andP , are reported here for dichloromethane and chloroform clathrates.     

负载型贵金属催化剂的硫中毒机理——载体的酸碱性与催化剂抗硫性能的关系

以H_2S为毒物,H_2-O_2反应为催化模型反应,制备并考察了一系列不同酸碱性的负载型钯催化剂。以NH_3和吡啶为探针分子,用程序升温脱附(TPD)或红外光谱法测定了催化剂的酸碱性。用交替脉冲微反色谱技术评价了催化剂的活性和耐硫中毒性,并对催化剂的耐硫性能和载体酸碱性进行关联和解释。在以上研究基础上,指出了提高催化剂抗硫性能的途径。     

含长丙烯序列无规乙丙共聚物的合成与表征

用δ-TiCl₃-Et₂AlCl催化剂,以庚烷作溶剂,在单体C₃含量>60mol%的情况下,乙丙常压共聚可得到含长丙烯序列无规乙丙共聚物(LP-EPR)。其特性粘数〔η〕在2—3dl/g之间。影响〔η〕的主要因素是〔Al〕/〔Ti〕比、聚合温度和时间。共聚物的组成主要依赖单体C₃含量。通过庚烷萃取、红外、扭摆、x-射线衍射及相差显微镜等方法证明,在共聚物的无规乙丙分子链中含有全同聚丙烯(PP)序列,序列含量直接影响共聚物的结晶度、强度和硬度。     

Valence-variable Catalysts for Redox-controlled Switchable Ring-opening Polymerization

As a representative class of sustainable polymer materials, biodegradable polymers have attracted increasing interest in recent years. Despite significant advance of related polymerization techniques, realizing high sequence-control and easy-handling in ring-opening (co)polymerizations still remains a central challenge. To this end, a promising solution is the development of valence-variable metal-based catalysts for redox-induced switchable polymerization of cyclic esters, cyclic ethers, epoxides, and CO₂. Through a valence-determined electron effect, the switch between different catalytically active states as well as dormant state contributes to convenient formation of polymer products with desired microstructures and various practical performances. This redox-controlled switchable strategy for controlled synthesis of polymers is overviewed in this Review with a focus on potential applications and challenges for further studies.     

Stabilizing Solid-state Lithium Metal Batteries through In Situ Generated Janus-heterarchical LiF-rich SEI in Ionic Liquid Confined 3D MOF/Polymer Membranes

Pursuing high power density lithium metal battery with high safety is essential for developing next-generation energy-storage devices, but uncontrollable electrolyte degradation and the consequence formed unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) make the task really challenging. Herein, an ionic liquid (IL) confined MOF/Polymer 3D-porous membrane was constructed for boosting in situ electrochemical transformations of Janus-heterarchical LiF/Li₃N-rich SEI films on the nanofibers. Such a 3D-Janus SEI-incorporated into the separator offers fast Li⁺ transport routes, showing superior room-temperature ionic conductivity of 8.17×10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ and Li⁺ transfer number of 0.82. The cryo-TEM was employed to visually monitor the in situ formed LiF and Li₃N nanocrystals in SEI and the deposition of Li dendrites, which is greatly benefit to the theoretical simulation and kinetic analysis of the structural evolution during the battery charge and discharge process. In particular, this membrane with high thermal stability and mechanical strength used in solid-state Li||LiFePO₄ and Li||NCM-811 full cells and even in pouch cells showed enhanced rate-performance and ultra-long life spans.     

Citronellol-Based Long-Lasting Antibacterial Cotton Fabrics without Bacterial Resistance

Antibacterial cotton helps prevent the growth and spread of harmful microorganisms, reduces the risk of infection, and has a prolonged service life by reducing bacterial degradation. However, most antibacterial agents used are toxic to humans and the environment. Citronellol-poly(N,N-dimethyl ethyl methacrylate) (CD), a highly effective antibacterial polymer, is synthesized from natural herbal essential oils (EOs). CD exhibited efficient, rapid bactericidal activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and drug-resistant bacteria. Citronellol's environmental benignity makes CDs less hemolytic. Notably, negligible drug resistance developed after 15 bacterial subcultures. The CD-treated cotton fabric displayed better antibacterial performance than AAA-grade antibacterial fabric, even after repeated washing. This study extends the practical application of EOs to antibacterial surfaces and fabrics, which is promising for use in personal care products and medical settings.     

胶束荧光法测定维生素B_2含量

维生素B_2(核黄素)为人体内黄酶类辅基的组成部分,参与人体内的生物氧化作用。药典规定其含量测定用分光光度法,文献报道有高效液相色谱法、荧光法等。但因维生素B_2(V_(B2))遇光易分解,尤其在碱性水溶液中,极易变质。其降解产物为感光黄素,二氢核黄素,光化色素等,因此给测定的准确度和灵敏度造成一定的麻烦,为了提     

四（2,4—二叔戊基苯氧基）酞菁铜（Ⅱ）的合成及其LB膜

合成了标题酞菁铜衍生物,并通过元素分析,高压液相色谱,紫外光谱,红外光谱,核磁共振谱,电镜,顺磁共振谱及质谱加以确认。该化合物在稀氯仿溶液和LB膜中各以单,双分子缔合的形式存在。Z型沉积形成的单层LB膜对氨气有很高的灵敏度和选择性。