Effect of the Extender on Form and Structure of the Thermoplastic Starch

The thermoplastic starch is a complete biodegradable plastic materials, in the fullstarch plastic the thermoplastic starch attained amount to 90% or higher. For the improve on machine properties, general added a extender of 5-10% according to the process method and/or claim of the use properties, the process and use properties of full-starch depend on a kind of the extender to a certainly extent1 As a type of polysaccharide compound, the starch contained a great amount of the polar group-hydroxyl (-OH), These hydroxyl on the chain bounded chain and chain closely together via association of the hydrogen bond, the chain cannot free revolve and twist, so it has not the thermoplasicity. But through thermoplastic denaturation of the starch, the plasticity agent breaked associated of the hydrogen bond between chain and chain, the starch chain may be freely revolved or tensional formation when is heated or forced. So it's plasticity2,3     

希土元素异硫氰酸盐与苄胺配合物的制备、性质及标准生成焓的测定

制备了Pr、Yb两种希土元素异硫氰酸盐与苄胺的固体配合物.并对其进行了组成分析、红外光谱分析、X射线衍射物相分析和热重分析.测量了298.15K时两种固体配合物RE(NCS)₃·4C₆H₅CH₂NH₂在HCl水溶液中的反应热和相应的两种希土元素异硫氰酸盐水合物RE(NCS)₃·n₁H₂O(RE为Pr时,n₁=7;RE为Yb时,n₁=6)在C₆H₅CH₂NH₂-HCl^-H₂O溶液中的积分溶解热以及苄胺C₆H₅CH₂NH₂在HCl水溶液中的反应热.藉助本文所设计的热化学循环,求得了这两种配合物的标准生成焓,还计算了它们的晶格能.     

用合肥800 MeV同步辐射光源标定氘灯的光谱辐射亮度

利用合肥800 MeV电子存储环同步辐射(HESYR)作为紫外真空紫外光谱辐射测量的绝对标准,标定了传递标准氘灯光源的光谱辐亮度。采用德国国家物理技术研究院(PTB)的数据处理及不确定度分析方法,得到了两支氘灯在115~300nm波段的光谱辐亮度数据,其相对定标不确定度为12.1%。详细分析了相关参量对定标不确定度的贡献,指出辐射计量系统偏振特征量的不确定度贡献最大。在164~300 nm波段,德国德国国家物理技术研究院在BESSYⅡ同步辐射装置上标定的绝对光谱辐亮度值与本实验在中国合肥同步辐射装置上标定的绝对光谱辐亮度值之间一致性优于±20%,在给定的不确定度范围内两光谱辐射标准定标结果一致。     

铜片封装光纤光栅传感器的应变和温度传感特性研究

提出了一种光纤光栅的铜片封装工艺,并通过实验和理论分析研究了光纤光栅的应变和温度传感特性.与裸光纤光栅的测试结果相比,铜片封装工艺基本不改变光纤光栅应变传感的灵敏度,但是温度灵敏度系数提高了2.78倍.经过铜片封装后的光纤光栅可以探测到的应变和温度分别为1 με和0.03℃,便于工程应用.     

一个半水合和五水合醋酸镧的脱水过程及脱水焓测定

醋酸镧已报道三种水合物:LaAc₃·1.5H₂O(Ⅰ)^[1,2]、LaAc₃·5H₂O(Ⅱ)^[3]和LaAc₃·H₂O(Ⅲ)^[4],迄今尚未见(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)的脱水焓数据发表,我们继(Ⅲ)的研究工作后,采用新的合成方法制得了(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ),并采用DTA-TG-DTG联用技术和DSC技术分别对这两种水合物进行了脱水过程及脱水焓的测定。测得(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)的脱水过程分别为:     

水合稀土一氯醋酸盐的合成及其脱水热的测定

本文合成了La-Ga七种一氯醋酸盐的水合物,经元素分析、热重法和P₂O₅真空脱水法确定其组成为Ln(CH₂ClCOO)₃·xH₂O(x=1.5,Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Sm,Eu;x=2,Ln=Nd,Gd)。用X-射线衍射测得其粉末衍射数据;用DTA-TG-DTG联用技术研究了水合盐的脱水过程;用DSC法测得各盐的脱水热值。     

米碳管增强铜基复合材料的滑动磨损特性研究

以纳米碳管作为增强体制备了铜基复合材料,采用MM-220型环-块摩擦磨损试验机考察了该复合材料的滑动磨损行为,并观察分析了复合材料的组织结构、磨损表面形貌及磨屑组成.结果表明,其磨损过程存在跑合和稳态磨损2个阶段,在稳态磨损阶段主要发生氧化磨损,同时也存在磨粒磨损.工作环境影响复合材料的耐磨性.纳米碳管体积分数在12%～15%时,可以较好地发挥其润滑和阻止基体氧化的作用.     

Preparation of porous α-Fe2O3-supported Pt and its sensing performance to volatile organic compounds

Porous α-Fe2O3 was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal treatment of FeCl3 aqueous solution followed by a calcination process. In the synthesis of porous α-Fe2O3, no templates or pore-directing agents were used. The as-prepared porous α-Fe2O3 was further employed as a support for loading Pt nanoparticles. The gas sensing performance of the obtained porous α-Fe2O3-supported Pt to VOCs was investigated. The sensor presented a high response and fast response-recovery characteristic to several VOCs including acetone, ether, methanol, ethanol, butanol and hexanol. Meanwhile, it exhibited a much higher response than the pure α-Fe2O3 at the operating temperature of 260°C. The enhanced sensing properties may be related to the unique porous structure of the α-Fe2O3 support and the promoting effect of active Pt nanoparticles for the sensing reactions.     

黄单胞菌生物催化合成α-熊果苷

 利用黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas) BT-112进行发酵,生物催化合成α-熊果苷. 考察了反应温度、摇床转速和菌体对对苯二酚的最大耐受度、反应物浓度比、反应时间及糖的种类等因素对反应的影响. 结果表明,用本方法合成的产物为单一的α-熊果苷. 在温度35 ℃, 摇床转速180 r/min, 对苯二酚浓度48 mmol/L, 蔗糖与对苯二酚的摩尔比2∶1, 反应48 h的条件下,高达94.3%的对苯二酚转化为α-熊果苷.     

Synthesis,characterization of Cr-doped TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanotubes with high photocatalytic activity

Cr-doped TiO₂ nanotubes (Cr/TiO₂ NTs) with high photocatalytic activity were prepared by the combination of sol–gel process with hydrothermal treatment. XRD, TEM and UV–vis DRS techniques were employed for microstructural characterization. TEM images show that Cr/TiO₂ NTs are in good tubular structure and have diameter of about 10 nm. The Cr doping induces the shift of the absorption edge to the visible light range and the narrowing of the band gap. The photocatalytic experiment reveals that the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ NTs can be improved by the doping of chromium ions.