SUPG finite element method based on penalty function for lid-driven cavity flow up to $$Re = 27500$$

A streamline upwind/Petrov–Galerkin(SUPG)finite element method based on a penalty function is proposed for steady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations.The SUPG stabilization technique is employed for the formulation of momentum equations. Using the penalty function method, the continuity equation is simplified and the pressure of the momentum equations is eliminated. The lid-driven cavity flow problem is solved using the present model. It is shown that steady flow simulations are computable up to Re = 27500, and the present results agree well with previous solutions. Tabulated results for the properties of the primary vortex are also provided for benchmarking purposes.     

强激光加载下锡材料微喷颗粒与气体混合回收实验研究及颗粒度分析

冲击波在金属材料自由面卸载时,材料表面会形成微颗粒向外喷射,这是材料表面一种特殊的破坏形态.在内爆压缩和高压工程领域的相关物理过程中,微喷射颗粒是引起界面混合现象的重要来源,会直接影响后期的混合状态和压缩过程.而微颗粒的尺寸、形态、运动速度等是开展微喷混合过程理论和数值模拟研究的重要参数.由于实验中动态诊断的难度较大,目前已获取的微喷颗粒尺寸及分布数据十分有限.基于神光Ⅲ原型激光装置,本文设计并开展了强激光驱动冲击加载,锡材料微喷颗粒经过气体区混合后,低密度泡沫材料对微颗粒进行回收分析的实验研究.通过对微喷颗粒回收样品的X光电子计算机断层扫描分析和图像重建,获得了两个典型加载压强条件下与气体混合后微喷颗粒的三维图像,通过与真空实验条件下回收微喷颗粒图像的对比分析,对混合后的微喷颗粒分布形态有了初步的认识;测量统计了回收颗粒尺寸与数目,并通过分析,给出了微喷颗粒尺寸的双指数分布规律.     

Effect of Pore Size Distribution and Amination on Adsorption Capacities of Polymeric Adsorbents

Polymeric adsorbents with different properties were synthesized via suspension polymerization. Equilibrium and kinetics experiments were then performed to verify the adsorption capacities of the resins for molecules of various sizes. The adsorption of small molecules reached equilibrium more quickly than the adsorption of large molecules. Furthermore, the resins with small pores are easy to lower their adsorption capacities for large molecules because of the pore blockage effect. After amination, the specific surface areas of the resins decreased. The average pore diameter decreased when the resin was modified with either primary or tertiary amines, but the pore diameter increased when the resin was modified with secondary amines. The phenol adsorption capacities of the amine-modified resins were reduced because of the decreased specific area. The amine-modified resins could more efficiently adsorb reactive brilliant blue 4 owing to the presence of polar functional groups.     

色度实验在地质学的应用

根据理工科院校的特点,面向全校学生开设了色度学实验. 部分学生将色度学的知识应用到地质学领域去解决古气候学问题,激发了学生的学习积极性.     

Laser-enhanced thermal effect of moderate intensity focused ultrasound on bio-tissues

For avoiding extra-damage to healthy tissues surrounding the focal point during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment in medical therapy, to reduce the ultrasonic intensity outside the focal point is expected. Thus, the heating processes induced by moderate intensity focused ultrasound (MIFU) and enhanced by combined irradiation of laser pulses for bio-tissues are studied in details. For fresh bio-tissues, the enhanced thermal effects by pulsed laser combined with MIFU irradiation are observed experimentally. To explore the mechanisms of these effects, several tissue-mimicking materials composed of agar mixed with graphite powders are prepared and studied for comparison, but the laser-enhanced thermal effects in these mimicking materials are much less than that in the fresh bio-tissues. Therefore, it is suggested that the laser-enhanced thermal effects may be mainly attributed to bio-activities and related photo-bio-chemical effects of fresh tissues.     

A Three-Dimensional Ray-Tracing Study of R-X Mode Waves during High Geomagnetic Activity

We further present a three-dimensional (3D) ray-tracing study on the propagation characteristic of the superluminous R-X mode waves during high geomagnetic activity following our recent two-dimensional results [J. Geophys. Res. 112(2007)A10214]. We perform numerical calculations for this mode which originates at specific altitude r=2.0R_E in the source cavity along a 70° night geomagnetic field line. We demonstrate that the ray path of the R-X mode is essentially governed by the azimuthal angle of the wave vector k. Ray paths starting with azimuthal angle 180° (or in the meridian plane) can reach the lowest latitude, but stay at relatively higher latitudes with the azimuthal angles other than 180° (or off the meridian plane). The results further supports the previous finding that the R-X mode may be physicallypresent in the radiation belts under appropriate conditions.     

Spatial Distribution of Energetic Electrons during Magnetic Reconnection

Electron acceleration by the inductive electric field near the X point in magnetic reconnection is an important generation mechanism for energetic electrons. Particle simulations have revealed that most of energetic electrons reside in the magnetic field line pileup region, and a depletion of energetic electrons can be found near the centre of the diffusion region [Phys. Plasmas, 13 (2006) 012309]. We report direct measurement of energetic electron in and around the ion diffusion region in near-Earth tail by the cluster, and our observations confirm the above predictions: a depletion of the high-energy electron fluxes is detected near the centre of the diffusion region. At the same time, the plasma temperature has a similar profile in the diffusion region. .     

二氧化硅负载型磷酸及磷酸二氢钠初始反应：试验和理论研究

利用XRD、TG、DRIFTS、^31 PMASNMR和密度泛函理论研究了浸渍法制各的硅胶负载型磷酸和磷酸二氢钠催化剂,阐明了催化剂制备过程中生成的初始缩合产物和其反应机理．光谱试验结果显示,存二氧化硅负载的磷酸上,除了聚磷酸外,还有硅磷酸盐的存在;在二氧化硅负载的磷酸二氢钠上,仅发现聚磷酸钠存在．密度泛函模拟结果也证明,磷酸与二氧化硅表面硅羟基之间的反应在缩合反应的初始阶段比其自身的二聚反应更为有利．但是在硅胶负载的磷酸二氢钠上,磷酸二氢钠的二聚和三聚是缩合反应初始阶段的主要反应．     

亚甲蓝褪色光度法测定痕量溴酸根

在盐酸介质中 ,以 Na Cl为催化剂 ,Br O-3 氧化亚甲蓝褪色 ,建立了分光光度法测定痕量溴酸根的新方法。研究了溴酸根氧化亚甲蓝褪色的最佳条件 ,最大吸收波长 λmax=6 6 8nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 4 .2 4×1 0 4L· mol-1 · cm-1 ,Br O-3 的浓度在 5× 1 0 -8— 4× 1 0 -6mol· L-1 范围内符合比耳定律 ,回归方程为 :ΔA=9.372× 1 0 4C 0 .0 5 5 82 ,相关系数 r=0 .9993。方法用于化学试剂中溴酸根测定得到了较好的分析结果。