1.3 GHz超导腔磁通排出效应研究

设计并搭建了一套高精度的磁场测量和补偿系统,并结合中国科学院高能物理研究所(IHEP)的2K超导腔垂直测试平台对1.3 GHz单加速间隙超导腔的磁通排出效应开展了实验研究:利用研制的磁场测量和补偿系统能够精密地测量超导腔赤道位置磁场,并能够将磁场补偿至小于5.0×10-8 T;并对超导腔不同表面温度梯度下的磁通排出效应进行了测量分析;对钉扎了磁场的超导腔进行了射频性能测试,研究了超导腔电阻对磁通钉扎的敏感度,以及在不同电场梯度下超导腔的表面电阻变化情况。结果表明,研制的高精度磁场测量和补偿系统能够满足超导腔磁通排出研究的需求;高的超导腔表面温度梯度有利于磁通的排出;磁通钉扎电阻的敏感度随着加速电场梯度的增加而增大,导致超导腔的性能下降。此实验研究也为后续超导腔的研制奠定了一定基础。     

基于粒子滤波的运动目标光电定位仿真研究

运动目标的光电定位不能像静止目标那样简单做均值滤波,鉴于此,引入粒子滤波算法,它不仅可以应用于线性系统,而且还适用于非线性系统。结合光电定位需求,详细推导了计算公式及初值和参数选取公式,对只含测量噪声以及含有测量和运动噪声等的海面运动目标光电无源定位算法进行了仿真计算,验证了算法的有效性,讨论了噪声强度对滤波效果的影响,滤波参数选择对滤波效果的影响,目标运动方式对滤波跟随性的影响,重采样算法对滤波效果的影响等。所得结论为:粒子滤波可用于运动目标光电定位过程,可有效降低定位误差;粒子滤波算法具有较强鲁棒性,适用于噪声较大、目标运动形态变化大等情况。     

羟基对界面水分子的扰动与其对非离子型氢氟烃杂化表面活性剂聚集行为的改变

本文合成并比较了具有和不具有羟基的两种非离子型氢氟烃杂化表面活性剂,它们均表现出良好的热稳定性和优异的表面活性. 实验观察到羟基对改变其溶液的表面张力和所形成胶束的形态具有较大的影响. 该作用可归因于烷烃基团从空气/水表面上方到其下方的重排以及由羟基诱导的界面水结构的扰动. 本工作提供了一种通过修改界面处的取向结构来弱化碳氢链和碳氟链之间的不混溶性,从而利于设计具有不同界面性质表面活性剂的策略.     

低温硫化制备ZnS薄膜的物理性质研究

采用磁控溅射方法先在玻璃衬底上室温下沉积Zn金属薄膜,接着先后在200和400 ℃温度下的硫蒸气和氩气流中进行退火,生长出 ZnS 薄膜。薄膜样品的微观结构、物相结构、表面形貌和光学性质分别采用正电子湮没技术 (PAT)、X射线衍射仪 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)和紫外-可见分光光度计进行表征。该ZnS薄膜在可见光范围具有约80%的高透光率,随着硫化时间的增加,其带隙由3.55 增加到3.57 eV,S/Zn原子比从0.54上升至0.89,薄膜质量明显得到改善,相对于以前报道的真空封装硫化所制备的ZnS薄膜,硫过量问题得到了较好解决。此外,慢正电子湮没多普勒展宽谱对硫化前后薄膜样品中膜层结构缺陷研究表明,硫化后薄膜的S参数明显增大,生成的ZnS 薄膜结构缺陷浓度高于Zn薄膜。     

HIRFL-CSR外靶装置上的放射性束实验数据分析方法研究

开发了HIRFL-CSR外靶实验装置的大型数据分析程序(ANAETF),并成功应用于核物理实验数据分析。详细阐述了该程序中的数据分析流程、漂移室寻迹算法、粒子鉴别方法和反应截面提取技术。利用本程序分析了240 MeV/u能量下12C次级束流打碳靶的实验数据,实现了清楚的碳和硼剩余核的粒子鉴别,总探测效率达到 ~90%,本工作提取的反应截面与已有的实验结果符合较好。     

超导离子源铌三锡六极线圈镜像磁场约束结构的优化设计

中国科学院近代物理研究所正在进行国际首台45 GHz全铌三锡超导离子源FECR(Fourth Electron Cyclotron Resonance)磁体的研制,该离子源磁体线圈由六个铌三锡超导六极线圈和四个铌三锡超导螺线管线圈组成。由于单根超导线绕制异形六极线圈(非标准鞍型)技术难度大,且铌三锡超导性能对应力敏感,为了测试单个铌三锡六极线圈性能能否达到设计指标,基于铝合金壳层结构和Bladder-Key精确预紧技术,设计了镜像磁场约束结构。本工作主要阐述了运用ANSYS参数化设计编程对镜像磁场结构进行优化设计的过程和优化后的镜像磁场结构,确定了室温预应力大小,并给出了线圈经过室温预紧、冷却降温和加电励磁后的最大等效应力。进一步结合实际六极线圈制作公差(±0.1 mm),分析和评估了公差对镜像磁场结构中六极线圈预应力施加的影响。     

On the Variability of Heart Rate Variability—Evidence from Prospective Study of Healthy Young College Students

Heart rate variability (HRV) has been widely used as indices for autonomic regulation, including linear analyses, entropy and multi-scale entropy based nonlinear analyses, and however, it is strongly influenced by the conditions under which the signal is being recorded. To investigate the variability of healthy HRV under different settings, we recorded electrocardiograph (ECG) signals from 56 healthy young college students (20 h for each participant) at campus using wearable single-lead ECG device. Accurate R peak to R peak (RR) intervals were extracted by combing the advantages of five commonly used R-peak detection algorithms to eliminate data quality influence. Thorough and detailed linear and nonlinear HRV analyses were performed. Variability of HRV metrics were evaluated from five categories: (1) different states of daily activities; (2) different recording time period in the same day during free-running daily activities; (3) body postures of sitting and lying; (4) lying on the left, right and back; and (5) gender influence. For most of the analyzed HRV metrics, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found among different recording conditions within the five categories except lying on different positions. Results suggested that the standardization of ECG data collection and HRV analysis should be implemented in HRV related studies, especially for entropy and multi-scale entropy based analyses. Furthermore, this preliminary study provides reference values of HRV indices under various recording conditions of healthy young subjects that could be useful information for different applications (e.g., health monitoring and management).     

Surface Modification of ZrO2–3Y2O3 with Highintensity Pulsed N2+ Ion Beams

Russian Physics Journal -     

A Statistical Study of the Correlation between Geomagnetic Storms and M ≥ 7.0 Global Earthquakes during 1957–2020

In order to find out whether the geomagnetic storms and large-mega earthquakes are correlated or not, statistical studies based on Superposed Epoch Analysis (SEA), significance analysis, and Z test have been applied to the Dst index data and M ≥ 7.0 global earthquakes during 1957–2020. The results indicate that before M ≥ 7.0 global earthquakes, there are clearly higher probabilities of geomagnetic storms than after them. Geomagnetic storms are more likely to be related with shallow earthquakes rather than deep ones. Further statistical investigations of the results based on cumulative storm hours show consistency with those based on storm days, suggesting that the high probability of geomagnetic storms prior to large-mega earthquakes is significant and robust. Some possible mechanisms such as a reverse piezoelectric effect and/or electroosmotic flow are discussed to explain the statistical correlation. The result might open new perspectives in the complex process of earthquakes and the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere (LAI) coupling.     

Creation of topological vortices using Pancharatnam-Berry phase liquid crystal holographic plates

Recently,physical fields with topological configurations are evoking increasing attention due to their fascinating structures both in fundamental researches and practical applications.Therein,topological light fields,because of their unique opportunity of combining experimental and analytical studies,are attracting more interest.Here,based on the Pancharatnam-Berry(PB)phase,we report the creation of Hopf linked and Trefoil knotted optical vortices by using phaseonly encoded liquid crystal(LC)holographic plates.Utilizing scanning measurement and the digital holographic interference method,we accurately locate the vortex singularities and map these topological nodal lines in three-dimensions.Compared with the common methods realized by the spatial light modulator(SLM),the phase-only LC plate is more efficient.Meanwhile,the smaller pixel size of the LC element reduces the imperfection induced by optical misalignment and pixellation.Moreover,we analyze the influence of the incident beam size on the topological configuration.