Fabrication of extreme wettability patterns with water-film protection for organic liquids

Selective fabrication of superhydrophilic (S-philic) region on a superhydrophobic (S-phobic) surface requires complex technology and high cost, which has limited applications of extreme wettability patterns. In this paper, a twice-chemical-etching approach without special modification is used to prepare the extreme wettability patterns. Superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity can be successfully achieved after twice chemical etching for 20 seconds. The obtained patterns can maintain their extreme wettability for at least 30 days. Functional platforms with single-S-philic and multi-S-philic regions are fabricated to manipulate water and various organic liquids with water-film protection in an air environment.     

Effect of cold plasma process on the surface wettability of NBR and the kerosene resistance of NBR/PTFE composites

In this study, first the acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR5080) was modified by argon (Ar), air, and oxygen plasma at low temperature, and the effect of plasma process (power, time, and pressure) on the surface properties of NBR5080, the interfacial properties, physical properties, and the mechanical properties of NBR5080/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites were investigated. The state contact angle and the surface free energy were applied to characterize the surface wettability of NBR5080. The scanning electron microscope and the atomic force microscope were used to observe the surface morphology of the NBR5080. The chemical changes on the NBR5080 surface were verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The average water contact angle the NBR5080 declined obviously when NBR5080 was treated by Ar (100 W/600 s/30 Pa). The active oxygen groups were introduced onto the surface of NBR5080 by cold plasma treatment and more active group containing oxygen were observed on the samples treated by Ar plasma. The peel strength between the NBR5080 and the PTFE was increased obviously, which increased from 0 to 44.2 N?m^?1 for Ar plasma treatment. The mass and the dimension of NBR5080 increase sharply after immersing in kerosene, whereas the NBR5080/PTFE composites changed a little. The mechanical properties of NBR5080 and NBR5080/PTFE composites decreased as the immersion time in kerosene increased, but the decreased degree of NBR5080 is higher than NBR5080/PTFE composites.     

Synthesis and Solution Behavior Studies of a Bifunctional Fluorenyl Dioxotetraamine and Its Copper(II) Complex

The fluorenyl dioxotetraamine L⁴ was designed and prepared. The solution behavior of L⁴ and its interaction with the Cu^II ion were studied by pH potentiometric, fluorimetric and spectrophotometric titration. In the dioxane/water solution, it was found that the molecule L⁴ showed an “off‐on” or “on‐off” fluorescent response in the absence or presence of the Cu^II ion with the increase of the pH value. Moreover, influenced by the Cu^II ion, the fluorescence of the dioxotetraamine L⁴ can be almost quenched when the pH value was slightly higher than 4.0, which is rarely reported and useful to detect the Cu^II ion under acidic condition.     

Facile one-step extraction and oxidative carboxylation of cellulose nanocrystals through hydrothermal reaction by using mixed inorganic acids

A facile and efficient approach to prepare carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CCNCs) is presented through a novel one-step hydrothermal procedure by using a mixed acid system of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid (HCl/HNO₃). The as-prepared cellulose nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction, conductometric titrations, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and thermal gravimetric analysis. The results showed that the combination of the mixed acid and hydrothermal reaction can speed up the process of CCNC preparation, and then high quality of the product could be obtained at relatively low acid concentration. It is found that the addition of nitric acid could not only promote the conversion of surface groups on the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), but also have significant influences on the yield, particle size and microstructure of CNCs. For the volume ratio of HCl/HNO₃ of 7:3, the as-prepared CCNCs exhibited the largest length to diameter ratio and narrowest dimension distributions as well as maximum degree of oxidation of 0.12. In addition, high dispersion stability for the CCNCs could be observed due to the existence of negative carboxyl groups. This approach based on one-step oxidative carboxylation greatly simplified the preparation of CCNCs with high yield and high crystallinity under mild hydrothermal condition.     

Four Mixed 3d-4f 12-Metallacrown-4 Complexes: Syntheses,Structures and Magnetic Properties

The incorporation of Ln^III ions into the 12-metallacrown-4 topology affords the formation of four mixed 3d-4f pentanuclear complexes of compositions [NH(C₂H₅)₃]{[Ln(OAc)₄] [12-MC _Mn ^III _(N)shi-4]}·xH₂O (Ln = Sm (1), Gd (2), Tb (3), Dy (4); x = 0.5 for 1 and 3, x = 0.25 for 2, x = 0 for 4; H₃shi = salicylhydroxamic acid). Compounds 1–4 were obtained from the reactions of H₃shi with Mn(CH₃COO)₂·4H₂O and Ln(NO₃)₃·6H₂O, in the presence of N(C₂H₅)₃. They all contain a crown-like [Mn₄Ln(μ-NO)₄]¹¹⁺ core with four Mn^III atoms being at the rim of the crown and an Ln^III ion occupying the dome of the crown. The peripheral ligation about the core is provided by four η¹:η¹:µ acetate groups. The identity of the Ln^III ions slightly affects the 12-metallacrown-4 frameworks, as demonstrated by the gradual decrease of the distances between the Ln^III ions and the centres of the Mn₄ planes (1.85 Å for 1, 1.81 Å for 2, 1.80 Å for 3, and 1.77 Å for 4). Variable-temperature dc magnetic susceptibility studies were carried out on polycrystalline samples of 1–4. Antiferromagnetic interactions are determined for complexes 1–4.     

MoO3/TiO2-Al2O3催化剂表面结构的LRS研究

负载型Mo和Co-Mo催化剂由于工业上的广泛应用,多年来一直是催化工作者的重要研究课题.工业上应用的Mo和Co-Mo催化剂多以活性Al_2O_3和SiO_2-Al_2O_3为载体,近年来也有用TiO_2,ZrO_2和活性碳作为催化剂载体的研究报导.有关催化剂活性组分与载体之间相互作用对催化剂表面相结构和催化性能的影响方面研究已引起人们的重视。我们多年来在金属-载体相互作用研究基础上,以石油加氢精制催化剂为应用背景,开     

联营型B2C平台自建物流开放策略研究

联营型B2C平台通过自建物流改善服务质量,却面临建设中巨额成本问题,而平台上的联营企业虽无较大成本压力,但其服务质量却有待改进。基于联营企业与其所在平台的佣金利益关系,从双方销售同种产品直接竞争的角度出发,运用合作竞争理论的思想构建模型并进行分析。结果表明,在满足一定条件的基础上,帕累托改进是存在的,自营与联营企业可以相互合作来实现双赢,且商家能通过控制各因素而实现对价格和销量的不同偏好。     

梯形模糊数的有序表示及中心平均排序方法

模糊数的排序在决策分析和优化问题中占有十分重要的地位,而一般模糊数均可近似分解为若干分片小梯形的叠加形式,故梯形模糊数的排序问题至关重要!本文首先引入等距分片方法对梯形模糊数实施纵向分割,进而获得梯形模糊数的有序表示。其次,依中心平均加权准则改进梯形模糊数的横向和纵向中心坐标公式,并提出新的指标排序准则。最后,通过实例分析考证了新的排序方法的有效性。     

Existence and limit behavior of prescribed L2‐norm solutions for Schrödinger‐Poisson‐Slater systems in

In this paper, we study constraint minimizers of the following L ²?critical minimization problem: where E (u ) is the Schrödinger‐Poisson‐Slater functional and N denotes the mass of the particles in the Schrödinger‐Poisson‐Slater system. We prove that e (N ) admits minimizers for and, however, no minimizers for N >N ^?, where Q (x ) is the unique positive solution of in . Some results on the existence and nonexistence of minimizers for e (N ^?) are also established. Further, when e (N ^?) does not admit minimizers, the limit behavior of minimizers as N ↗N ^? is also analyzed rigorously.