Intense up-conversion emissions of yb3＋/Dy3＋ co-doped A12O3 nanopowders prepared by non-aqueous sol-gel method＊

Yb 3+ /Dy 3+ co-doped Al2O3 nanopowders have been prepared by the non-aqueous sol-gel method and their up- conversion photoluminescence spectra are measured under excitation by a 980-nm semiconductor laser. The results show that there are comparatively abundant spectra of up-conversion emissions centered at 378, 408, 527 and 543, and 663 nm, corresponding to4G9/2 → 6H13/2,4G9/2→6H11/2 ,4I15/2 →6H13/2 , and 4F9/2 → 6H11/2 transitions of Dy 3+ , respectively. Two-photon and three-photon processes are involved in ultraviolet, violet, green, and red up-conversion emissions. The energy transition between Yb3+ and Dy3+ is discussed.     

Screening for oxidative damage by engineered nanomaterials: a comparative evaluation of FRAS and DCFH

Several acellular assays are routinely used to measure oxidative stress elicited by engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), yet little comparative evaluations of such methods exist. This study compares for the first time the performance of the dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) assay which measures reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, to that of the ferric-reducing ability of serum (FRAS) assay, which measures biological oxidant damage in serum. A diverse set of 28 commercially important and extensively characterized ENMs were tested on both the assays. Intracellular oxidative stress was also assessed on a representative subset of seven ENMs in THP-1 (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate matured human monocytes) cells. Associations between assay responses and ENM physicochemical properties were assessed via correlation and regression analysis. DCFH correlated strongly with FRAS after dose normalization for mass (R ² = 0.78) and surface area (R ² = 0.68). Only 10/28 ENMs were positive in DCFH versus 21/28 in FRAS. Both assays were strongly associated with specific surface area and transition metal content. Qualitatively, a similar response ranking was observed for acellular FRAS and intracellular reduced:oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH:GSSG) in cells. Quantitatively, weak correlation was found between intracellular GSSG and FRAS or DCFH (R ² < 0.25) even after calculating effective dose to cells. The FRAS assay was more sensitive than DCFH, especially for ENMs with low to moderate oxidative damage potential, and may serve as a more biologically relevant substitute for acellular ROS measurements of ENMs. Further in vitro and in vivo validations of FRAS against other toxicological endpoints with larger datasets are recommended.     

两片掺铒玻璃样品级联荧光光谱的实验研究

介绍一种掺铒玻璃样品的制作方法，实验测量了单片及两片掺铒玻璃样品的荧光特性.结果表明：两片掺铒玻璃样品级联的荧光强度比单片掺铒玻璃样品的荧光强度高，半值宽度与高浓度单片样品的半值宽度近似相等；在两片掺铒玻璃样品级联的形式中，浓度高的样品靠近抽运光源时的荧光强度比浓度低的样品靠近抽运光源时的荧光强度高；两种低浓度样品组合的荧光强度相对于其单片样品荧光强度的增幅比两种高浓度样品组合的荧光强度相对于其单片样品荧光强度的增幅要高. 关键词： 掺铒玻璃样品 级联 荧光光谱强度 半值宽度     

Steady State and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Dynamics of Triphenylamine Based Oligomers with Phenylene/Thiophene/Furan in Solvents

We investigate the photo-physical properties of a series of triphenylamine-based oligomers by steady-state and picosecond transient fluorescence measurements in solvents. The oligomers are composed alternatively with triph- enylamine and phenylene/thiophene/furan group, bridged by vinyl group （PNB/PNT/PNF）. Their fluorescence spectra show bathochromic phenomenon with solvent polarity and viscosity increasing. The fluorescence decays are bi-exponential for PNB and PNT, and tri-exponential for PNF in THF and aniline. The strong viscosity dependence suggests conformational relaxation along the PNF chain after photo excitation.     

二乙酰分子内价轨道4ag+4bu的电子动量谱学研究

在高分辨率(ΔE=115eV, Δp≈01a.u.)电子动量谱仪上获得了二乙酰分子(d iacetyl)最内价轨道4ag_g+4bu_u的电离能谱和动量谱的实验结果， 并用Hartree-Fock和密度泛函理论方法做了理论计算.实验结果与理论计算符合较好. 关键词： 二乙酰 内价轨道 电离能 电子动量谱     

超音速蒸汽浸没射流凝结汽羽形状的实验研究

本文对入口压力为0.20～0.50 MPa的饱和蒸汽在20～70 ℃过冷水中超音速浸没射流凝结所形成的汽羽的形状进行了实验研究.实验结果表明:根据汽羽膨胀的次数,汽羽形状主要有渐缩形、膨胀-收缩形、双膨胀-收缩形、收缩-膨胀-再收缩形和发散形五种;汽羽的穿透长度随着蒸汽入口压力的增大和过冷水温度的上升而逐渐增大;对于设计压比分别为0.318和0.113的喷嘴,汽羽的无量纲穿透长度分别在3.45～12.62和2.40～9.81之间,明显小于相同条件下音速蒸汽浸没射流凝结所形成的汽羽无量纲穿透长度.同时,在理论推导的基础上给出了计算汽羽无量纲穿透长度的实验关联式,其预测值与实验值误差小于18%.     

超音速两相流极限升压能力的理论与试验研究

采用理论和实验的方法研究了一定汽水参数下的超音速汽液两相流升压装置的极限升压能力以及主要结构参数对其的影响规律。计算与实验的结果表明:超音速汽液两相流升压装置的极限升压能力计算值可达进汽压力的14倍左右,实验值可到进汽压力的2.6倍左右;混合腔和水喷嘴的几何尺寸是影响极限升压能力的最主要的结构参数;极限升压能力随混合腔收缩比增大而增大,随水喷嘴出口与混合腔喉部截面积比增大而减小,随蒸汽喷嘴喉部与出口截面积之比变化不大。计算和实验得到的结构参数对极限升压能力的影响规律是基本一致的。     

枇杷果实挥发油中的化学成分

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取枇杷果实的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,从挥发油中鉴定出25种化合物,占挥发油总量的95.41％％.挥发油以酸、酯、醛为主,其中含量较高的成分为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、糠醛、油酸乙酯、十八碳-9,12-二烯酸乙酯、巴西酸亚乙酯、棕榈酸乙酯、7-十八碳烯酸甲酯、十七烷、亚油酸甲酯.     

柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油体外抗氧化活性

以总还原力、对DPPH自由基和超氧阴离子自由基清除作用、金属离子螯合能力为指标评价2%柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:挥发油总还原力和对DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用的IC50值分别为182.58、89.66、53.42μL。挥发油总还原力和对DPPH自由基的清除能力低于1mg/mL维生素C,而对超氧阴离子自由基清除能力和金属离子的螯合能力明显高于1mg/mL维生素C和0.5mg/mLEDTA。柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油具有较好的体外抗氧化活性,值得进一步开发利用。     

Determination of Cryptotanshinone, a Major Active Component in Salvia miltiorrhiza, in Caco-2 Monolayers by HPLC with UV Detection

Cryptotanshinone is the major active component from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza which has been widely used for the management of coronary heart disease. The aims of this study were to develop and validate an HPLC method for the determination of cryptotanshinone in the human intestinal cell line Caco-2 monolayers, and to investigate the transport kinetics of cryptotanshinone. The developed HPLC method was sensitive and reliable, with acceptable accuracy (90–110% of true values) and precision (intra- and inter-assay CV < 10%). The total running time was within 10 min, with acceptable separation of the compounds of interest. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for cryptotanshinone was 10 ng mL⁻¹. A simple liquid–liquid extraction procedures resulted in an extraction efficiency of 90.8 ± 8.9 and 93.5 ± 6.2% for cryptotanshinone at 0.1 and 3 μg mL⁻¹. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.05–3.0 μg mL⁻¹ with the mean correlation coefficients >0.999. The validated HPLC method was applied to examine the epithelial transport of cryptotanshinone by Caco-2 monolayers. The transport across the monolayers from the apical (B) to basolateral (A) side was significantly higher than that from A to B side. The structural analog of cryptotanshinone and a known substrate of P-glycoprotein, tanshinone II_A, dramatically inhibited the B to A transport of cryptotanshinone in the monolayers. These results indicate that the developed HPLC method was suitable for the study of transport of cryptotanshinone by Caco-2 monolayers and cryptotanshinone is a substrate of P-glycoprotein.