Measurement of effective specific heat of packed bed materials by the continuous flow electrical method

The theory of the continuous flow electrical method for the determination of specific heat of liquids has been extended to the measurements of effective specific heat of packed bed materials consisting of solid-liquid phase systems. Experimental data are reported showing the variation of effective specific heat with mass porosity and saturating liquid specific heat. The weighted arithmetic mean equation of constituent specific heats is in fair agreement with the measured values.     

Lanthanide 2-thenoates

Summary Ln(C₅H₃SO₂)₃, Ln(C₅H₃SO₂)₂(OR) and Ln(C₅H₃SO₂)(OR)₂ (where Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Tb, Gd and Dy; C₅H₃SO₂=2-thenoate anion, and OR=OPr-i or OBu-t) were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, electronic and i.r. spectral measurements. Electronic absorption spectra show that chelates have a certain degree of covalency compared to the aquo ion. The i.r. spectra indicate interaction of ring sulphur to the metal atom in these carboxylates. Small v values suggest symmetrically bonded bidentate carboxylate groups.     

On the generators of subgroups of unit groups of group rings

In this paper we find the generators of a subgroup of finite index in the unit group of the integral group ring of the metacyclic group of orderpq given byG=(a,x:a ^p=1=x ^q ,xax ⁻¹=a ^f ), wherep is an odd prime,q>2 a divisor ofp-1, andf belongs to the exponentq modulop.     

Observable Dirac-type singularities in Berry's phase and the monopole

A three-dimensional generalization of the sign-change ( pi phase shift) rule for adiabatic cycles of spin-1/2 or two-state wave functions encircling a degeneracy in the parameter space of the Hamiltonian yields a Dirac-type singularity wherein any closed circuit of the adiabatic cycle in which the degeneracy is "looped" results in an observable +/-2pi phase shift. It is concluded that an interferometer loop similarly taken around a magnetic monopole of strength n/2 yields an observable +/-2npi phase shift, n being an integer.     

Jordan decompositions in alternative loop rings

It is observed that the additive as well as multiplicative Jordan decompositions hold in alternative loop algebras of finiteRA loops and theRA loops for which the additive Jordan decomposition holds in the integral loop ring are characterized. Multiplicative Jordan decomposition (MJD) inZL, whereL is a finiteRA loop with cyclic centre is analysed, besides settling MJD for integral loop rings of allRA loops of order ≤32. It is also shown that for any finiteRA loopL,U (ZL) is an almost splittable Moufang loop. Research of the second author is supported by CSIR.