Gorenstein Isolated Quotient Singularities of Odd Prime Dimension are Cyclic

In this article, we shall prove that Gorenstein isolated quotient singularities of odd prime dimension are cyclic. In the case where the dimension is bigger than 1 and is not an odd prime number, then there exist Gorenstein isolated noncyclic quotient singularities.     

Subkilohertz linewidths measured by heterodyne-detected coherent population trapping in sodium vapor

Subkilohertz spectroscopy by coherent population trapping (CPT) has been performed in Na atomic vapor. The system employs a frequency-swept acousto-optic modulator for bichromatic excitation as well as a heterodyne-lock-in detection technique that permits the direct measurement of the CPT dispersion curves at a good signal-to-noise ratio. A CPT linewidth of -400 Hz was measured as well as a steep refractive-index dispersion of as much as 3.3 x 10(-10) Hz(-1), corresponding to a group velocity of 1800 m/s.     

Miscibility of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium decyl sulfate in the adsorbed film and micelle

The interfacial tension of the aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium decyl sulfate (SDeS) mixture against hexane was measured as a function of the total molality and composition of the surfactant mixture at 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The compositions of adsorbed film and micelle were evaluated numerically by applying the thermodynamic relations to the experimental results. These results were shown in the form of the phase diagrams of adsorption and micelle formation and compared with those of the aqueous solution of sodium perfluorooctanoate (SPFO) and SDeS mixture. It was found that the diagrams of SDS and SDeS system have swollen cigar shapes and are quite different from those of SPFO and SDeS system which show non-ideal mixing both in the adsorbed film and micelle. This finding was attributed to the fact that the interaction between fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon chains is weaker than that between hydrocarbon chains.     

Nonideal mixing of alkylammonium chloride and decyldimethylphosphine oxide surfactants in adsorbed films and micelles

Miscibility and interaction of decyldimethylphosphine oxide (DePO) with ammonium chloride (AC), hexylammonium chloride (HAC), and dodecylammonium chloride (DAC) in adsorbed films and micelles were studied by surface tension measurements. Phase diagrams were drawn for the mixed adsorption, mixed micelle formation, and equilibrium between adsorbed films and micelles. Nonideal mixing of DAC and DePO was characterized by a negative excess Gibbs free energy and positive excess area of adsorption and negative excess Gibbs free energy of micelle formation. It is concluded that the interaction between DAC and DePO in adsorbed films and micelles is larger than those between the same surfactants alone due to two factors: ion-dipole interactions between the head groups of DAC and DePO and alkyl-chain/alkyl-chain interactions.     

Ising spin orders and magnetic interactions analyzed in phason space in a 2-dimensional Penrose lattice

Simulated annealing calculations were performed on a Penrose lattice with the aim of clarifying the relation between the interaction connections and the magnetic orders in the phason space. Alternating signs were assumed in the magnetic interactions up to the second shortest distances between spins. Two different types of long-range antiferromagnetic orders were found for two cases with reversed sign of the interactions. The two types of order were most adequately interpreted as the orders of subdivisions in the occupation domain in the phason space. Reasonable interpretations of the mechanism of the subdivisions are given on the basis of the physical interactions projected to the phason space.     

Inhibitory Effects of Hydrogels on the Adhesion,Germination, and Development of Zoospores Originating from Laminaria angustata

The inhibition of germination and development of zoospores originating from Laminaria angustata originated on various kinds of hydrogels is studied. The effects of the water content of the gel (the degree of swelling), the electrical nature (neutral, positive charge, negative charge), the charge density, the counterions of hydrogels on the inhibition of zoospore germination and development of gametophytes are phenomenologically investigated. Among the gels investigated, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) gel showed a dramatic inhibition to germination, and might serve as a novel, environmentally safe inhibitor of zoospore adhesion.     

Observation of intermediate bands feeding the positive-parity yrast band in 155Gd

High-spin states of ¹⁵⁵Gd were populated by using the ¹⁵⁴Sm(α,3nγ)¹⁵⁵Gd reaction at E _α= 33 MeV. γ-γ coincidence, E _γ singles, excitation function, and the DCO ratios were measured. we have identified three intermediate bands with ΔI= 2 feeding the positive yrast band. The bands are interpreted as such candidate bands that are mixed with the negative-parity ground state band. This observation can provide a plausible explanation for unusually large population of the positive-parity yrast band observed in a recent Coulomb excitation. Received: 2 November 1999     

Thermodynamik von Einzelschichten von Mehrfachkomponenten

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