Computer studies of trajectory focusing effects on the total reflection coefficient

Ion beam focusing effects in the azimuthal angle-dependence of the reflection coefficient near the semichannel direction have been studied by computer simulation.     

Supramolecular ion channels from a transmembrane bischolic acid derivative showing two discrete conductances

Bischolic acid derivative 1 linked by m-xylylene dicarbamate at the 3,3'-position was synthesized and the single ion channel properties were examined. Compound 1 showed two clearly distinct conductances, 9.5 (type A) and 25.3 pS (type B), under 500 mM KCl symmetric salt conditions, whereas various conductances, ranging from 5-20 pS, were observed in the tetramethylether analogue reported previously. Results indicate that the replacement of four methylether groups with hydroxyls at the 7, 7', 12, and 12' positions in the bischolic acid framework influences the stability of aggregated (supramolecular) ion channel structures. Ion permeability ratios (potassium/chloride and potassium/sodium) for each type of channel were also determined.     

A New Preparative Method for Allylic Indium(III) Reagents by Reductive Transmetalation of pi-Allylpalladium(II) with Indium(I) Salts

A reductive transmetalation of the pi-allylpalladium(II) complexes, generated in situ from a catalytic amount of a palladium(0) complex and a variety of allylic substrates, with indium(I) salts proceeded smoothly in various solvents, providing a new route for allylindium(III) reagents.     

Efficient synthesis of (±)-8,14-cedranoxide using electrochemical method as a key step

(±)-8,14-Cedranoxide has been synthesized starting from 3,4-dimethoxyphenol, wherein 6-acetoxymethyl-2,6-dimethyl-9-methoxytricyclo[5.3.1.0^1,5]undec-9-en-8,11-dione as a key intermediate has been produced efficiently by means of electrochemical methods.     

Oxide-ion conductivity of (Ba1−xLax)2In2O5+x system based on brownmillerite structure

(Ba_1−xLa_x)₂In₂O_5+x, whose end member is Ba₂In₂O₅, is an oxygen-deficient perovskite oxide showing high oxide-ion conductivity. In order to clarify the reason why the high oxide ion conductivity appeared in this system, the electrical conductivity was measured as a function of temperature and La content. With an increasing La content, the discontinuous jump of ion conductivity in the Arrhenius plot, which is related to the disordering of the oxygen vacancies, disappeared for the sample with x0.2. Above x=0.12, the ion conductivity linearly increased with La content, while the activation energy remained constant with respect to the La content. Moreover, the conductivity for x=0.6 was 0.042 (S/cm) at 1073 K, which exceeded that of 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia. The higher oxide-ion conductivity of this system could be dominated by the amount of mobile oxygen ions.