Synthesis of N-(o- and p-Alkenylphenyl)-Substituted Quinazolin-4-ones

Alkenylphenyl-substituted quinazolinones were prepared by reactions of 2-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one with o- and p-alkenylanilines.     

Monopole Excitation of the Nucleon in a Relativistic Three-Quark Model

The densities and form factors of the proton andthe Roper monopole excitedstate resonance are calculatedusing a relativistic three-quark model. Small currentquark masses are used with the three-body Dirac equation solved in hypercentralapproximation. A QCD-based three-body potential,proportional to a minimum string length between thethree quarks, is used for confinement. The calculatedelectric form factor for the proton reproduces closelya dipole fit to the data. The proton density is morecompact than is the Roper resonance density. The centraldensity of the proton is about five times that for the Roper resonance. The hyperradial nodein the Roper resonance composite three-quark wavefunction shows up as a node in the transition densitybetween the proton and the Roper resonance. This node also causes the calculated transition formfactor to be larger than either the proton or Roperresonance form factors, all evaluated at the same valueof momentum transfer. The Roper resonance form factor is smaller than the proton form factor, asexpected, indicative of the Roper resonance being a morediffuse system than the proton.     

Inhibition of intramolecular reactions of (+)-δ-cadinol

(+)-δ-Cadinol is smoothly acetylated with isopropenyl acetate to form the corresponding acetate which is difficultly hydrolyzable in the presence of bases; unlike initial (+)-δ-cadinol, the acetylation product gives no 1,4-and 1,5-epoxy derivatives as by-products in the allylic oxidation and epoxidation reactions.     

Molecular and crystal structure of 2-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)-1,3-cyclopentanedione (C9H12O2)

An x-ray crystal structure study of 2-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)-1,3-cyclopentane-dione (C₉H₁₂O₂) has been carried out. It has been shown that in the solid this compound occurs exclusively in the enol form. The molecules are bound together by strong hydrogen bonds and form infinite chains along the b-axis. According to the spectroscopic data (¹H and¹³C NMR), the same compound in solution has a mesomeric structure.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1794–1797, August, 1991.     

Non-linear free spatial vibrations of combined suspension systems

Free vibrations of a combined suspension system with a beam with stiffness which has one axis of symmetry are studied. Unlike /1/ the case of internal resonance in the system is analysed in detail. It is shown that both in this case and in the case where the frequencies of the vertical modes and the bending and twisting modes are close to each other /1/ there are two possible forms of vibrations, namely, those which are subject to phase and amplitude modulation and are accompanied by energy transmission, and those subject to phase modulation only, which allow no energy transmission.     

Synthesis of (2<Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>,3<Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>,4<Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>)-2,3-<Emphasis Type="Italic">O</Emphasis>-isopropylidene-4-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)cyclopentan-1-one

(2S,3S,4S)-2,3-O-Isopropylidene-4-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)cyclopentan-1-one was synthesized starting from D-ribose through methyl (Z)-3-(5-acetyl-2,2-acetoxyacetyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)prop-2-enoate which was subjected to cyclization in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene, followed by decarboxylation.     

Synthesis and proliferative activity of a new derivative of the lupan pentacyclic triterpenoids, <Emphasis Type="Italic">viz.</Emphasis>, the sulfobetaine based on betulin with a 4-(dimethylammonio)butane-1-sulfonate moiety

A new zwitterionic derivative of the lupan pentacyclic triterpenoid series, viz., the sulfobetaine with a 4-(dimethylammonio)butane-1-sulfonate moiety, was synthesized by quaternization of betulin 28-(2-dimethylaminoacetate) with 1,4-butane sultone. The sulfobetaine was found to possess a dose-dependent proliferative effect toward human embrionic kidney cells HEK293 and human T-lymphocytes. Betulin chosen as a comparison compound demonstrated an effect against cells of both the tumor (HepG2, Jurkat) and the normal origin (human HEK293 and T-lymphocytes) which differ from that of the sulfobetaine, inhibiting their proliferation. The new sulfobetaine can prove to be a promising basis for the development of reparative and immunostimulating agents.     

Analysis of two colliding fractionally damped spherical shells in modelling blunt human head impacts

The collision of two elastic or viscoelastic spherical shells is investigated as a model for the dynamic response of a human head impacted by another head or by some spherical object. Determination of the impact force that is actually being transmitted to bone will require the model for the shock interaction of the impactor and human head. This model is indended to be used in simulating crash scenarios in frontal impacts, and provide an effective tool to estimate the severity of effect on the human head and to estimate brain injury risks. The model developed here suggests that after the moment of impact quasi-longitudinal and quasi-transverse shock waves are generated, which then propagate along the spherical shells. The solution behind the wave fronts is constructed with the help of the theory of discontinuities. It is assumed that the viscoelastic features of the shells are exhibited only in the contact domain, while the remaining parts retain their elastic properties. In this case, the contact spot is assumed to be a plane disk with constant radius, and the viscoelastic features of the shells are described by the fractional derivative standard linear solid model. In the case under consideration, the governing differential equations are solved analytically by the Laplace transform technique. It is shown that the fractional parameter of the fractional derivative model plays very important role, since its variation allows one to take into account the age-related changes in the mechanical properties of bone.